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"Human skeleton."
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The skeletal system
Describes the various parts of the skeleton and how bones grow, and discusses joints, the difference between male and female skeletons, bone injuries and diseases, and related topics.
Book
Estimating a 3D Human Skeleton from a Single RGB Image by Fusing Predicted Depths from Multiple Virtual Viewpoints
In computer vision, accurately estimating a 3D human skeleton from a single RGB image remains a challenging task. Inspired by the advantages of multi-view approaches, we propose a method of predicting enhanced 2D skeletons (specifically, predicting the joints’ relative depths) from multiple virtual viewpoints based on a single real-view image. By fusing these virtual-viewpoint skeletons, we can then estimate the final 3D human skeleton more accurately. Our network consists of two stages. The first stage is composed of a two-stream network: the Real-Net stream predicts 2D image coordinates and the relative depth for each joint from the real viewpoint, while the Virtual-Net stream estimates the relative depths in virtual viewpoints for the same joints. Our network’s second stage consists of a depth-denoising module, a cropped-to-original coordinate transform (COCT) module, and a fusion module. The goal of the fusion module is to fuse skeleton information from the real and virtual viewpoints so that it can undergo feature embedding, 2D-to-3D lifting, and regression to an accurate 3D skeleton. The experimental results demonstrate that our single-view method can achieve a performance of 45.7 mm on average per-joint position error, which is superior to that achieved in several other prior studies of the same kind and is comparable to that of other sequence-based methods that accept tens of consecutive frames as the input.
Journal Article
Your skeletal system works!
\"Text and images help readers learn about their skeletal system\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
The skeleton book
Presents comprehensive information on the human skeletal system, covering such topics as the components of a bone, the importance of joints and ligaments, and technological advancements in limb and bone prostheses-- Source other than the Library of Congress.
Book
Bioarchaeology of East Asia : movement, contact, health
East Asia spans more than 10 million square kilometers. The human remains examined by the contributors in this volume date from the Early Neolithic (more than 12,000 years ago) to the Iron Age (up to AD 500).
Bioarchaeology of East Asia interprets human skeletal collections from a region where millets, rice, and several other important cereals were cultivated, leading to attendant forms of agricultural development that were accompanied by significant technological innovations. The contributors follow the diffusion of these advanced ideas to other parts of Asia, and unravel a maze of population movements. In addition, they explore the biological implications of relatively rare subsistence strategies more or less unique to East Asia: millet agriculture, mobile pastoralism with limited cereal farming, and rice farming combined with reliance on marine resources.
Diverse scholarly traditions--from China, Japan, Mongolia, Russia, Australia, and the United States--supply a constructive mix of conceptual frameworks and methodologies. Chinese-to-English translations make chapters available that might not otherwise be published outside of China. Ideas stemming from this collection will significantly boost collaborative work among bioarchaeologists and other scientists working in East Asia.
eBook
Skeletal variation and adaptation in Europeans : upper Paleolithic to the twentieth century
A comprehensive analysis of changes in body form and skeletal robusticity from the Terminal Pleistocene through the Holocene, leading to the modern European human phenotype.
Skeletal Variation and Adaptation in Europeans: Upper Paleolithic to the Twentieth Century brings together for the first time the results of an unprecedented large-scale investigation of European skeletal remains. The study was conducted over ten years by an international research team, and includes more than 2, 000 skeletons spanning most of the European continent over the past 30, 000 years, from the Early Upper Paleolithic to the 20th century. This time span includes environmental transitions from foraging to food production, small-scale to large-scale urban settlements, increasing social stratification and mechanization of labor, and climatic changes. Alterations in body form and behavior in response to these transitions are reconstructed through osteometric and biomechanical analyses.
Divided into four sections, the book includes an introduction to the project and comprehensive descriptions of the methods used; general continent-wide syntheses of major trends in body size, shape, and skeletal robusticity; detailed regional analyses; and a summary of results. It also offers a full data set on an external website.
* Brings together data from an unprecedented large-scale study of human skeletal and anatomical variations
* Includes appendix of specific information from each research site
* Synthesizes data from spatial, temporal, regional, and geographical perspectives
Skeletal Variation and Adaptation in Europeans will be a valuable resource for bioarchaeologists, palaeoanthropologists, forensic anthropologists, medical historians, and archaeologists at both the graduate and post-graduate level.
eBook
Bioarchaeology : interpreting behavior from the human skeleton
\"Now including numerous full colour figures, this updated and revised edition of Larsen's classic text provides a comprehensive overview of the fundamentals of bioarchaeology. Reflecting the enormous advances made in the field over the past twenty years, the author examines how this discipline has matured and evolved in fundamental ways. Jargon free and richly illustrated, the text is accompanied by copious case studies and references to underscore the central role that human remains play in the interpretation of life events and conditions of past and modern cultures. From the origins and spread of infectious disease to the consequences of decisions made by humans with regard to the kinds of foods produced, and their nutritional, health and behavioral outcomes. With local, regional, and global perspectives, this up-to-date text provides a solid foundation for all those working in the field\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
The osteology of infants and children
Most archaeologists and bioarchaeologists receive little or no training in the recognition of skeletal remains of fetuses, infants, and children. Yet many research sites may contain such materials. Without a framework for identifying the bones or the excavation techniques suited to their recovery, archaeologists may often overlook subadult skeletal remains or even confuse them with animal bones.
The Osteology of Infants and Children fills the need for a field and lab manual on this important topic and provides a supplemental textbook for human osteology courses. Focusing on juvenile skeletons, their recovery and identification, and siding in both field and lab settings, the volume provides basic descriptions and careful illustrations of each skeletal element at varying stages of development, along with sections on differentiation from other bones and siding tips.
The book offers detailed treatment of the skull and teeth, including the cranial vault and facial bones, and examines the infracranial skeleton: vertebrae, pelvis, chest, shoulders, arms, hands, legs, and feet. A quick reference guide explains age estimation and identification templates.
The illustrations are enhanced by photographs from two recent archaeology projects in Egypt, at Abydos and Dakhleh Oasis. The extensive collection of fetal and child remains from these sites provides new reference material unavailable in previous publications, making this manual an unparalleled resource in the field of physical anthropology.
eBook