Journal Article

Decadal trends in the ocean carbon sink

Lima, Ivan D., Séférian, Roland, DeVries, Tim, LeQuéré, Corinne, Berthet, Sarah, Schwinger, Jörg, Andrews, Oliver, Nowicki, Michael, Ilyina, Tatiana, Landschützer, Peter, Hauck, Judith, Lenton, Andrew

2019

نظرة عامة

Measurements show large decadal variability in the rate of CO₂ accumulation in the atmosphere that is not driven by CO₂ emissions. The decade of the 1990s experienced enhanced carbon accumulation in the atmosphere relative to emissions, while in the 2000s, the atmospheric growth rate slowed, even though emissions grew rapidly. These variations are driven by natural sources and sinks of CO₂ due to the ocean and the terrestrial biosphere. In this study, we compare three independent methods for estimating oceanic CO₂ uptake and find that the ocean carbon sink could be responsible for up to 40% of the observed decadal variability in atmospheric CO₂ accumulation. Data-based estimates of the ocean carbon sink from pCO₂ mapping methods and decadal ocean inverse models generally agree on the magnitude and sign of decadal variability in the ocean CO₂ sink at both global and regional scales. Simulations with ocean biogeochemical models confirm that climate variability drove the observed decadal trends in ocean CO₂ uptake, but also demonstrate that the sensitivity of ocean CO₂ uptake to climate variability may be too weak in models. Furthermore, all estimates point toward coherent decadal variability in the oceanic and terrestrial CO₂ sinks, and this variability is not well-matched by current global vegetation models. Reconciling these differences will help to constrain the sensitivity of oceanic and terrestrial CO₂ uptake to climate variability and lead to improved climate projections and decadal climate predictions.

• الناشر: National Academy of Sciences
• موضوع: Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences / Environmental Sciences / Physical Sciences