Journal Article

Prenatal Air Pollution Exposure and Early Cardiovascular Phenotypes in Young Adults

Berhane, Kiros, McConnell, Rob, Amadeus, Milena, Lurmann, Fred, Breton, Carrie V, Mack, Wendy J, Hodis, Howard N, Avol, Ed, Künzli, Nino, Gilliland, Frank, Yao, Jin

2016

نظرة عامة

Exposure to ambient air pollutants increases risk for adverse cardiovascular health outcomes in adults. We aimed to evaluate the contribution of prenatal air pollutant exposure to cardiovascular health, which has not been thoroughly evaluated. The Testing Responses on Youth (TROY) study consists of 768 college students recruited from the University of Southern California in 2007-2009. Participants attended one study visit during which blood pressure, heart rate and carotid artery arterial stiffness (CAS) and carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT) were assessed. Prenatal residential addresses were geocoded and used to assign prenatal and postnatal air pollutant exposure estimates using the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Air Quality System (AQS) database. The associations between CAS, CIMT and air pollutants were assessed using linear regression analysis. Prenatal PM10 and PM2.5 exposures were associated with increased CAS. For example, a 2 SD increase in prenatal PM2.5 was associated with CAS indices, including a 5% increase (β = 1.05, 95% CI 1.00-1.10) in carotid stiffness index beta, a 5% increase (β = 1.05, 95% CI 1.01-1.10) in Young's elastic modulus and a 5% decrease (β = 0.95, 95% CI 0.91-0.99) in distensibility. Mutually adjusted models of pre- and postnatal PM2.5 further suggested the prenatal exposure was most relevant exposure period for CAS. No associations were observed for CIMT. In conclusion, prenatal exposure to elevated air pollutants may increase carotid arterial stiffness in a young adult population of college students. Efforts aimed at limiting prenatal exposures are important public health goals.

• الناشر: Public Library of Science,Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• موضوع: Adults / Air pollution / Air Pollution - adverse effects / Air quality / Atherosclerosis / Atmospheric pollution / Biology and Life Sciences / Biomarkers / Blood pressure / Blood Pressure - drug effects / Cardiovascular disease / Cardiovascular diseases / Cardiovascular System - diagnostic imaging / Cardiovascular System - drug effects / Cardiovascular System - physiopathology / Carotid arteries / Carotid Arteries - drug effects / Carotid Arteries - physiopathology / Carotid artery / Carotid Intima-Media Thickness / Child / Children & youth / College students / Colleges & universities / Data base management systems / Disease prevention / Ecology and Environmental Sciences / Engineering and Technology / Environmental aspects / Environmental protection / Environmental risk / Exposure / Female / Health aspects / Health care / Health risks / Heart rate / Heart Rate - drug effects / Humans / Male / Mechanical properties / Medicine and Health Sciences / Modulus of elasticity / Oxidative stress / Parameter estimation / Particulate matter / Particulate Matter - adverse effects / People and Places / Phenotype / Physical Sciences / Pollutants / Pregnancy / Prenatal experience / Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects - physiopathology / Preventive medicine / Public health / Regression analysis / Risk factors / Stiffness / Students / Studies / Ultrasonic imaging / Vascular Stiffness - drug effects / Veins & arteries / Young Adult / Young adults