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Thucydides and the Pursuit of Freedom
InThucydides and the Pursuit of Freedom, Mary P. Nichols argues for the centrality of the idea of freedom in Thucydides' thought. Through her close reading of hisHistory of the Peloponnesian War, she explores the manifestations of this theme. Cities and individuals in Thucydides' history take freedom as their goal, whether they claim to possess it and want to maintain it or whether they desire to attain it for themselves or others. Freedom is the goal of both antagonists in the Peloponnesian War, Sparta and Athens, although in different ways. One of the fullest expressions of freedom can be seen in the rhetoric of Thucydides' Pericles, especially in his famous funeral oration.
More than simply documenting the struggle for freedom, however, Thucydides himself is taking freedom as his cause. On the one hand, he demonstrates that freedom makes possible human excellence, including courage, self-restraint, deliberation, and judgment, which support freedom in turn. On the other hand, the pursuit of freedom, in one's own regime and in the world at large, clashes with interests and material necessity, and indeed the very passions required for its support. Thucydides' work, which he himself considered a possession for all time, therefore speaks very much to our time, encouraging the defense of freedom while warning of the limits and dangers in doing so. The powerful must defend freedom, Thucydides teaches, but beware that the cost not become freedom itself.
eBook
WHAT DID THUCYDIDES, SUN-TZU AND CLAUSEWITZ REALLY SAY?
Classical strategic theorists constitute an important pillar of military strategy education, but their texts are often interpreted in contradictory ways. This article aims to draw attention to the problem of contrasting interpretations, focusing on the interpretations of Thucydides, Sun-Tzu and Clausewitz. The article surveys popular interpretations of these classics, identifies the main differences between them, and uses deductive logic to draw out the implications of this state of affairs for the study of military strategy.
Journal Article
Old masters of plagues
[...]Camus’ experience of the Nazi occupation of France during World War 2 led him to equate it to a plague. [...]others turn these experiences into books like Zaretsky or Richard Dawkins (The Oxford Book of Modern Science Writing, 2008; and Books Do Furnish a Life, 2021). The authors and philosophers Zaretsky associated and identified himself with described the same absurdity and existential struggles during their times. Because he acknowledged and celebrated their impact on his life during the pandemic, this book finds Zaretsky a place next to those authors.
Journal Article
LUKE'S JOURNEYING-UP-TO-JERUSALEM MOTIF AND XENOPHON'S ANABASIS
The title Ävaßao\"ıç means \"expedition up from\" or \"ascent,\" in this case up from the coastal regions of Asia Minor to the capital city of the Persian Empire, and the work involves Cyrus the Younger,3 who has recruited Greek mercenaries and is marching from the coast to take the throne from his brother Artaxerxes. [...]Luke believed that he was part of a divine movement that was turning the Empire upside down with the Good News, not of the Emperor (see the Good News inscription at Priene4), but of King Jesus, and was positively changing the hearts and minds of the world for the sake of the Kingdom of God, in ways that Cyrus the Younger or even Alexander the Great could hardly have imagined. [...]here is one of the most interesting things about the Anabasis-even after the death of Cyrus, the journey continues, for six more books, the journey back east. If we ask where Luke could have gotten the idea of making two long journeys that lead to the death of the major protagonists in the stories such a major feature in his two-volume historical work, Xenophon's Anabasis very readily comes to mind. Here is the repeated theme about Jesus's journeying to Jerusalem: * As the days drew near for him to be taken up to heaven, he set his face to go up (rcopsúsoflai) to Jerusalem (Luke 9:51).9 * [The Samaritans] would not give him hospitality because his face was set towards Jerusalem (Luke 9:53). * He went on his way through towns and villages, imparting his teaching while travelling to Jerusalem (Luke 13:22). * \"I must be on my way...
Journal Article
The Silence of Thucydides
Ancient Historians often rely on arguments from silence but rarely discuss how or when such arguments can be responsibly employed. This paper addresses this methodological shortcoming by examining the circumstances and ways in which Thucydides describes violent political conflicts (staseis). It argues that Thucydides’ silence concerning the occurrence of stasis has far less value than is commonly assumed and develops a method to calculate the explanatory value of any narrative historical source’s silence concerning the occurrence of phenomena like stasis. It also shows that reading Thucydides with particular attention to stasis yields important insights into his narrative and historical methodologies.
Journal Article