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Biotechnology is reshaping artificial diet development by integrating multi-omics, synthetic biology, and materials science to overcome long-standing nutritional and behavioral bottlenecks in mass-rearing arthropod natural enemies.Advances in microbial biofactories now enable low-cost, scalable biosynthesis of key nutrients (such as amino acids, sterols, and vitamins), thereby offering a sustainable alternative to chemically synthesized or insect-derived components.Artificial intelligence-driven chemistry, high-throughput screening, and multi-omics data integration are accelerating the rational design of precision diets that better match the nutrient architecture of natural hosts.Functional mimicry technologies, including semiochemical supplementation and emerging 3D/4D biomanufacturing, enable artificial diets to replicate essential host cues that regulate feeding and oviposition behaviors.Systems-level integration of bioengineered diets with automation, internet of things, and robotics is paving the way toward intelligent, scalable, and standardized rearing platforms for augmentative biological control. Arthropod natural enemies are central to biological control programs, where they regulate pest populations while contributing to ecological stability and biodiversity conservation. Nonetheless, for many species, large-scale rearing of these arthropods is constrained by expensive, labor-intensive methods that still rely heavily on living hosts. Emerging biotechnological tools promise to transform rearing practices by supporting the design of accurate, affordable, and host-independent artificial diets for arthropod natural enemies. This review explores biotechnology-driven advances in nutrient profiling, low-cost production, and functional packaging and integrates them into a unified framework. Moreover, this review highlights how the integration of multidisciplinary approaches and biotechnological innovations can address critical challenges in artificial diet development to enable sustainable biocontrol pest management at practical scales. Arthropod natural enemies are central to biological control programs, where they regulate pest populations while contributing to ecological stability and biodiversity conservation. Nonetheless, for many species, large-scale rearing of these arthropods is constrained by expensive, labor-intensive methods that still rely heavily on living hosts. Emerging biotechnological tools promise to transform rearing practices by supporting the design of accurate, affordable, and host-independent artificial diets for arthropod natural enemies. This review explores biotechnology-driven advances in nutrient profiling, low-cost production, and functional packaging and integrates them into a unified framework. Moreover, this review highlights how the integration of multidisciplinary approaches and biotechnological innovations can address critical challenges in artificial diet development to enable sustainable biocontrol pest management at practical scales.

Agricultural soil is often subjected to waterlogging after heavy rainfalls, resulting in sharp and explosive increases in the emission of nitrous oxide (N 2 O), an important greenhouse gas primarily released from agricultural soil ecosystems. Previous studies on waterlogged soil examined the abundance of denitrifiers but not the composition of denitrifier communities in soil. Also, the PCR primers used in those studies could only detect partial groups of denitrifiers. Here, we performed pyrosequencing analyses with the aid of recently developed PCR primers exhibiting high coverage for three denitrification genes, nirK , nirS , and nosZ to examine the effect of short-term waterlogging on denitrifier communities in soil. We found that microbial communities harboring denitrification genes in the top 5 cm of soil distributed according to soil depth, water-soluble carbon, and nitrate nitrogen. Short-term waterlogging scarcely affected abundance, richness, or the alpha-diversities of microbial communities harboring nirK , nirS , and nosZ genes, but significantly affected their composition, particularly in microbial communities at soil depths of 0 to 1 cm. Our results indicated that the composition of denitrifying microbial communities but not the abundance of denitrifiers in soil was responsive to short-term waterlogging of an agricultural soil ecosystem.

基于CMONOC提供的GNSS观测和气象资料，开展中国大陆地区不同气候类型的MODIS PWV校正研究。首先依据不同气候类型，开展GNSS PWV与MODIS PWV的相关性分析；然后基于GNSS PWV构建不同气候类型的MODIS PWV校正模型；最后根据MODIS PWV、模型校正的MODIS PWV分别与GNSS PWV比较，开展模型改进效果检验。研究表明：不同气候类型的MODIS PWV校正模型，均能有效改善MODIS PWV精度，提高MODIS PWV在短期天气预报和InSAR大气校正的应用。

The methanol‐to‐olefins (MTO) reaction is considered one of the most important reactions in C1 chemistry, offering a route to produce basic petrochemicals from non‐oil resources such as natural gas and coal. Direct conversion of methane, the primary component of natural gas, to olefins via methanol as an intermediate is of significant industrial interest. Recent studies demonstrate that methanol can be efficiently synthesized from methane using transition‐metal‐free aluminosilicate Ferrierite (FER) zeolite with nitrous oxide (N2O) as the oxidant. Herein, a tandem catalytic system based on the composite FER and one more acidic zeolite is reported to achieve continuous conversion of methane to olefins. The topology and acidity of acidic zeolites critically influenced product distribution and hydrocarbon formation rates. When small‐pore zeolites are used as acidic zeolites, complete conversion of methanol to olefins is successfully achieved. Reaction conditions for methane‐to‐olefins conversion are optimized using  silicoaluminophosphate (SAPO‐34) as a representative acidic zeolite. The mass ratio of FER to SAPO‐34 determined catalytic performance, with conversion of methane to light olefins achieving thermodynamic feasibility at 325–400 °C. Enhanced intimacy between FER and SAPO‐34 particles promoted methane (CH4) conversion. This work establishes an efficient strategy for high‐selectivity light olefin production from methane over integrated transition‐metal‐free zeolite catalysts. Light olefins can be produced from methane using a cascade catalytic system that combines transition‐metal‐free (FER zeolite with an acidic zeolite, such as SAPO‐34, under relatively mild conditions. In this tandem process, methane is first oxidized to methanol over the FER zeolite and then converted to olefins via the MTO reaction on the acidic zeolite.

地图综合中，建筑物群的排列结构是需要重点考虑的因素。当不同排列的子建筑物群之间存在空间图形冲突时，这些建筑物群的综合就显得更为复杂。直线排列建筑物群的综合在大比例尺地形图上以典型化操作为主。本文提出一种相互之间存在潜在空间图形冲突的多个直线排列建筑物子群的渐进式典型化方法，渐进式地处理多个直线排列建筑物子群之间的空间图形冲突，保留建筑物群重要的直线排列结构；以建筑物表达的视觉图形约束为限制条件，自动确定典型化后的建筑物位置、形状、大小和方位。本文还研究了基于建筑物群空间邻近图的直线排列建筑物子群的自动识别方法，分析了这些直线排列之间的邻近关系和相交关系。最后，以1：5000地图上的建筑物群综合为1：25 000为试验对象，验证了所提出算法的可用性和有效性。

Two-dimensional (2D) MoS 2 is used as a catalyst or support and has received increased research interest because of its superior structural and electronic properties compared with those of bulk structures. In this article, we illustrate the active sites of 2D MoS 2 and various strategies for enhancing its intrinsic catalytic activity. The recent advances in the use of 2D MoS 2-based materials for applications such as thermocatalysis, electrocatalysis, and photocatalysis are discussed. We also discuss the future opportunities and challenges for 2D MoS 2-based materials, in both fundamental research and industrial applications.

利用最新研制的一套弱力测试平台，对FG5X-246绝对重力仪观测值准确度指标进行了测试试验。通过弱力测试平台升降装置改变扰动质量体与测量点之间的距离，从而改变测量点处叠加的扰动引力场大小。通过比较FG5X-246绝对重力观测值变化量与理论扰动引力场变化量之间的差异，从而确定FG5X-246绝对重力观测值的准确度。测试结果显示当扰动质量体从1.810 4 m高度降到1.409 9 m高度时，外部扰动引力场变化了48.81 μGal（1 Gal= 1 cm/s2），FG5X-246绝对重力仪感应到48.0 μGal的重力变化，FG5X-246绝对重力仪测量值与理论值之差为0.81 μGal。当扰动质量体从1.810 4 m降到1.010 1 m高度时，外部扰动引力场变化了-15.44 μGal，FG5X-246绝对重力仪感应到-16.20 μGal的重力变化，测量值与理论值之差为0.76 μGal。当扰动质量体从1.409 9 m降到1.010 1 m高度时，外部扰动引力场变化了-64.20 μGal，FG5X-246绝对重力仪感应到-64.25 μGal的重力变化，测量值与理论值之差为0.05 μGal。上述测量结果表明，此次FG5X-246绝对重力仪感应到外部引力变化的误差均不超过1 μGal，即其测量值准确度优于1 μGal。

This study investigates the long-term spatiotemporal variability of diurnal temperature range(DTR) in East Africa(EA). The study carries out non-parametric trend analysis of gridded DTR monthly data sourced from Climatic Research Unit(CRU). The DTR exhibits mixed signals in space and time over EA. The DTR correlates negatively with rainfall over EA. Reduction in DTR coincides with the summer season in the northern and southern hemispheres respectively, suggesting the influence of cloud cover on it. There was a non-uniform pattern of DTR changes across the region with time. Lake Victoria basin recorded the highest warming rates. The Indian Ocean coast recorded the least spatiotemporal variability in DTR. A reduction in DTR is evident in the two seasons: hot and cold. The start of the study period; 1921—1930, was the coolest decade in the study period. Most parts of EA recorded negative DTR anomalies in 1961—1970. The overall reduction in DTR throughout the study period highlights the ongoing warming which is a global phenomenon. There remains need for investigating the causation of the observed DTR variability for effective monitoring of the variability in future.