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Random amp lified polymorphic DNA (RAPD ) was amp lified to study the genetic diversity and geneticstructure of Musella lasiocarpa based on twelve wild and cultivated populations. 10 p rimers were screened to use,and 88 bandswere amp lified, among which 85 were polymorphic. At specific level, the percentage of polymorphicbands, the genetic diversity index and Shannon information index were 96. 59% , 0. 289 0 and 0. 441 6. The totalgene differentiation ( Gst) was 0. 568 2, which indicated 43. 13% of genetic variation resided within populationsand slightly higher than that among populations. The genetic identity among populations ranged from 0. 66 to 0. 95.The results from cluster analysis showed that the genetic distance among wild populations was close, and was consistent with their geographical distribution pattern; the genetic distance among cultivated populationswas far and wasnot consistentwith their geographical distribution pattern. 利用RAPD分子标记技术对采自滇川两省的12个地涌金莲野生和栽培种群进行遗传多样性分析。选择10条随机引物在12个种群中共扩增出88条带,其中

Q75; 利用RAPD分子标记技术对采自滇川两省的12个地涌金莲野生和栽培种群进行遗传多样性分析.选择10条随机引物在12个种群中共扩增出88条带,其中多态性带85条,整个种的多态性位点百分比PPB为96.59%,遗传多样性指数H为0.289 0以及Shannon信息指数I为0.441 6.种群间的遗传分化系数Gst为0.568 2,即43.18%的遗传变异来自于种群内,56.82%的遗传变异来自于种群间,种群间的遗传分化水平略高于种群内.种群间遗传一致度变化范围为在0.66～0.95之间.聚类结果显示:野生种群之间遗传距离较近,与地理分布基本相一致;栽培种群遗传距离较远,与地理分布不一致.

以地方栽培品种为对照，在云南省元江县、泸水县、云县对从印度国际干旱热带作物研究所引进的9个木豆新品种进行了产量、稳定性及适生性鉴定。结果表明：参试品种中V7、V5、V6产量明显高于对照，且稳定性好，变异小，最值得推广；V10、V3、V2 3个品种产量比对照稍高，但变异大，应择其适宜地区推广；V8、V1、V9 3个品种虽产量低于对照，但未达显著水平，其中V1、V9品质最好，荚大，粒大，鲜粒甜度优于豌豆，可作新鲜蔬菜，仍可在环境类似于地点2（泸水）的地区加以推广。通过地点效应分析确定，类似于泸水县的环境较适宜木豆栽培。

S759.3+4; 综述了中国木豆资源状况、主要利用方式及病虫害、新品种特性和新用途等方面的研究现状,根据引进木豆新品种的优良特性,结合荒山造林、退耕还林,展望木豆在中国作为蔬菜资源、优质蛋白源及混农林作物的开发前景.

This paper reviews the germplasm, the traditional uses and present study status Involving with diseases and pests, characters and new uses of pigeonpea in China. Synthetically considering the afforestation in wasteland and cultivated land for forestation, the authors highlight the potential development of pigeonpea used as vegetable, protein resources and an agroforestry crop. 综述了中国木豆资源状况、主要利用方式及病虫害、新品种特性和新用途等方面的研究现状,根据引进木豆新品种的优良特性,结合荒山造林、退耕还林,展望木豆在中国作为蔬菜资源、优质蛋白源及混农林作物的开发前景。

Eight local cultivation pigeonpea populations in Yunnan province were investigated and analyzed on their variance in plant heigh,diameter of stem,canopy,pod numbers per plant,ratio of pod damaged by pests,seed weight per plant and other quantitative characters.Results showed many variances existed either among or within populations.The results showed a high degree of positive correlations between grain yield per plant and pod numbers per plant,but only low degree of positive correlations between grain yield per plant and plant height or stem diameter.There were no obvious correlations between grain yield per plant and other characters.Pod numbers per plant,ratio of pod damaged by pests and 100-seed weight gave the most contribution to seeds yield per plant; their path correlation coefficients were 0.855 1、-0.237 4、0.179 9 respectively.Choosing the plants with more pod numbers,larger seeds and lower pest-damaged ration in breeding program,would give opportunities to get new varieties with high grain yield and

S722.3; 对云南省8个地方栽培木豆群体进行调查,对木豆株高、地径、冠幅、单株荚数、虫荚率、单株粒质量及百粒质量等数量性状变异进行分析,结果表明7个性状不论是群体间还是群体内个体间均存在丰富变异.性状相关性分析表明,单株粒质量与单株荚数呈高度正相关,与株高、地径呈弱正相关.单株荚数、虫荚百分率、百粒质量对产量构成贡献最大,通径系数分别为0.855 1、-0.237 4、0.179 9.若将三个性状相结合,选择单株荚数多、粒大、虫荚少的单株,则后代产量可望有明显增加,有可能育成高产高抗虫性品种.

9 new varieties of Cajanus cajan were tested at Yuanjiang County,Lushui County and Yunxian County,Yunnan province,with a local variety as CK.The grain yield and adaptability of the varieties were analyzed.V7,V5 and V6 were the most desirable varieties for their good stability,low variation and obviously higher seed yield than the CK.V 10,V3,and V2 produced higher grain yield and higher variation than that of the CK,their release should be on suitable environment.The grain yield of V8,V1,and V9 were lower than that of the CK,but V1 and V9 had the best qualities such as big pods and seeds,as well as their green seeds were sweeter than pea,so V1 and V9 could also be released in thir suited districts.The analysis on the domino effect of site showed the ideal environment like Lushui for pigeonpea cultivation. 以地方栽培品种为对照,在云南省元江县、泸水县、云县对从印度国际干旱热带作物研究所引进的9个木豆新品种进行了产量、稳定性及适生性鉴定。结果表明:参试品种中V7、V5、V6产量明显高于对照,且稳定性好,变异小,最值得推广;V10、V3、V23个品种产量比对照稍高,但变异大,应择其适宜地区推广;V8、V1、V93个品种虽产量低于对照,但未达显著水平,其中V1、V9品质最好,荚大,粒大,鲜粒甜度优于豌豆,可作新鲜蔬菜,仍

S761.3; Pueraria wallichii, as a pione er tree species in dry-hot river areas in Yunnan was planted in a large scale. It has many merits, such as it can resist to drought but not to cold, grow fast in warm areas and can easily sprout. A frosty disaster lasting in 1999 caused fr ost damage in different degrees to Pueraria wallichii. Based on the analysis on the frost injury in different areas, the paper concludes tha t (a) The plant can grow when the lowest temperature per day is higher 0 ℃; (b) It begin to suffer from frost injury, while the day continuing with lower than 0 ℃ of the lowest atmospherature per day exceed 3 day and its injury degrees var y with altitude and landform. The injured plants can sprout next spring even if the parts of above ground wilt.

Pueraria wallichii, as a pioneer tree species in dry-hot river areas in Yunnan was planted in a large scale. It has many merits, such as it can resist to drought but not to cold, grow fast in warm areas and can easily sprout. A frosty disaster lasting in 1999 caused frost damage in different degrees to Pueraria wallichii. Based on the analysis on the frost injury in different areas, the paper concludes that(a) The plant can grow when the lowest temperature per day is higher 0 ℃;(b)It begin to suffer from frost injury, while the day continuing with lower than 0 ℃ of the lowest atmospherature per day exceed 3 day and its injury degrees vary with altitude and landform. The injured plants can sprout next spring even if the parts of above ground wilt. 马鹿花(Pueraria w allichii DC.),原产于南亚热带的疏林丛中,具有喜温,不耐寒,耐旱,耐瘠,速生、萌生力强,生物量大等特点。目前已在澜沧江、珠江、怒江流域作为云南干热河谷的先锋树种大面积推广种植,起到了很好的植被恢复、水土保持效果。1999年12月下旬,由于冷空气积聚的影响,云南大部分地区出现了降温,造成持续低温霜冻,旬均温比历年的低1.8～4.5℃,局部地区还出现大雪天气,使种植的部分马鹿花不同程度地遭受低温冻害。为及时探讨研究马鹿花的耐寒能力,进行了该专题的调查研究。