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应用SSR标记技术,对新疆额尔齐斯河流域河谷分布的苦杨（Populus laurifoli）和欧洲黑杨（Populus nigra）天然居群的遗传多样性和遗传分化进行了研究.结果显示：苦杨和欧洲黑杨的天然居群具有较高的遗传多样性,且苦杨明显高于欧洲黑杨.与苦杨居群相比,欧洲黑杨居群间基因流较高,居群间的遗传分化程度较小,变异主要源于居群内.苦杨和欧洲黑杨居群内的杂合度较高,各个居群的各项遗传参数都要小于物种水平.苦杨和欧洲黑杨均偏离Hardy-Weinberg平衡,表现为杂合子过量的现象.

The genetic diversity and population genetic differentiation of Populus laurifolia and P.nigra distributed along Erqis River were studied by using nuclear microsatellite markers (SSR). The results showed that the P. laurifolia and P. nigra populations had an abundant genetic diversity, especially P. laurifolia. Higher gene flow (Nm=10.0585) was found in P.nigra than in P.laurifolia, which prevented the genetic differentiation among populations. It was found that 97.57% genetic variation resulted from intra-populations. In addition, there existed a higher heterozygosity in P. laurifolia and P. nigra populations, and many genetic coefficients of populations were smaller than those of species. The inbreeding coefficients among populations were negative, indicating that all SSR loci investigated were deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium at the level of individuals and populations, which suggested that excess of heterozygotes was present in the population. 应用SSR标记技术，对新疆额尔齐斯河流域河谷分布的苦杨（Populus laurifoli）和欧洲黑杨（Po