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Despite the increasing number of studies devoted to multimodal discourse analysis, there are still fields that require it, such as the study of children's fiction, because of knowledge gaps concerning analysis of the linguistic and non-linguistic components of discourse, and their respective roles in achieving objectives. The study's premise is that while creators of children's films make use of both linguistic and non-linguistic elements, the latter are relied on more strongly. In addition, the study concludes that the linguistic components have a more significant impact on transmitting the speaker's thoughts and attitudes than the nonlinguistic ones do on capturing the audience's attention. The study used both theoretical and practical methods to get to its conclusions and validate its hypotheses. Multimodal discourse's theoretical framework was offered, which covered its history, definition, and guiding principles to illustrate the procedures of theory. For the methods section, we looked at how Fairclough (2001) and Kress and Van Leeuwen (2006)'s chosen model applied to our chosen film. This study uses a qualitative approach, with the analysis of each film scene serving as a metaphor for the qualitative research technique used.

The study investigates the environmental impact of oil pollution in the vicinity of the Dora Refinery, with a particular focus on its effects on local flora. The research utilizes selected plant species such as Salvia rosmarinus, Eucalyptus globulus, Ficus nitida, Conocarpus lancifolius, Nerium, Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Dodonaea viscosa as biological indicators to assess the extent of contamination and the plants’ adaptive responses to polluted conditions. Oil pollution is identified as a significant environmental issue in the Dora Refinery area, contributing to severe soil degradation and posing challenges to plant survival. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the physiological and biochemical responses of these plant species to oil-contaminated soils, including growth performance, stress response mechanisms, and their potential role in environmental monitoring and land reclamation. The methodology involved selecting both polluted and non-polluted sites in proximity to the refinery. Soil samples were collected from these locations and used to cultivate the target plant species under controlled conditions. Growth rates were recorded, and several biomarkers associated with oil pollution exposure were analyzed. These included measurements of soil hydrocarbon content, chlorophyll concentration, antioxidant enzyme activities, and the accumulation of heavy metals and hydrocarbon pollutants in plant tissues. Results revealed that plants grown in polluted soils exhibited significantly reduced growth rates compared to those in uncontaminated environments. Notably, Salvia rosmarinus and Dodonaea viscosa demonstrated substantial accumulation of hydrocarbon pollutants, indicating their high sensitivity to contamination. In contrast, Eucalyptus globulus and Conocarpus lancifolius showed greater resilience, maintaining relatively stable growth and physiological parameters under stress. Polluted plants also exhibited clear signs of environmental stress, including decreased chlorophyll content and elevated antioxidant enzyme activity, reflecting their biochemical response to oxidative stress induced by pollutants. These findings suggest that the studied species vary in their tolerance to oil pollution, making them valuable bioindicators for environmental assessment. In conclusion, the physiological traits of these plant species significantly influence their susceptibility to oil pollutants. Their differential responses provide critical insights for environmental monitoring programs and offer promising avenues for the development of phytoremediation and land management strategies in oil-contaminated regions.

Conventional Asymmetrical RSA and ECC chord cryptosystems have the horns of a dilemma due to the advent of quantum computers. In this paper, we introduce PQ-Lattice-a decentralized lattice-based postquantum authenticated key exchange protocol for IoT. The protocol uses CRYSTALS-Kyber for key encapsulationand CRYSTALS-Dilithium for digital signatures in a blockchain empowered identity management framework providing decentralization, mutual authentication and fine grained revocation without the dependence on trusted authority. Extensive performance evaluation on an ARM Cortex-M4 device shows that PQ-Lattice has the average computation time of 32.4 ms, communication overhead of 3.5 KB andstorage cost of 44 KB, which consumes around 28 mJ for a single authentication round. This result has demonstrated the feasibility in terms of power consumption for the constrained IoT nodes compared with traditional ECC and RSA, where latency is reduced up to 45% while energy efficiency increases by 47%. Security proof under the hardness of Module-LWE is given showing resilience against classical, as well asquantum attacks (replay, impersonation and Sybil). The presented PQ-Lattice architecture is therefore an efficient (in terms of scalability, and energy consumption) quantum-resilient authentication answer tailored to the next generation IoT platform.

A nutritional balance assessment of wheat seeds subjected to salt stress was the objective of the research, which was carried out in the autumn of 2022. The seeds were treated with sodium chloride solutions of varying concentrations. Wheat seeds treated with sodium chloride solutions of concentrations of 25, 50, and 75 mM exhibited a substantial increase in the uptake of calcium, sodium, and chloride ions, while potassium absorption decreased significantly (the study revealed that the application of water with varying salinity levels significantly affected the uptake of potassium, calcium, sodium, and chloride ions by the plants). Furthermore, it is more accurate to express the proportions of potassium and calcium ions to sodium as a percentage rather than their absolute quantities. This was demonstrated when varying and highly concentrated sodium chloride solutions (20 and 75 mM) were used to increase the percentage of potassium or calcium to sodium. Specifically, this led to an imbalance in the ratios of potassium and calcium ions to sodium.

Somatic embryogenesis and plantlet regeneration were achieved in callus cultures of nucellus tissues derived from undeveloped ovules of immature fruits of local orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck). Four types of culture media were used and all produced embryogenic callus. Somatic embryos were developed on MS medium supplemented with BA only. Embryo maturation took place on MS medium supplemented with BA and 2,4-D. Plantlets were regenerated from those somatic embryos on half strength MS medium free of plant growth regulators. The well-developed plantlets were transferred to a potting mix containing sand and peat moss (2: 1) and grown for 8 months, with a survival rate of 100 %. Abbreviation: BA: 6-benzyl amino purine; 2,4-D: 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid; NAA: α-naphthalene acetic acid