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In this paper, we will use the topological degree, introduced by Berkovits, to prove existence of weak solutions to a Neumann boundary value problems for the following nonlinear elliptic equation where Ω is a bounded smooth domain of 𝕉

Introduction: Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet prodrug primarily prescribed to prevent or treat acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or acute ischemic stroke (IS), polymorphisms of genes encoding cytochrome P-450 (CYP) and P-glycoprotein transporter, could affect the efficiency of clopidogrel absorption and biotransformation, especially during the first critical hours following its administration. Methods: The present study was designed to investigate the potential association of clopidogrel responsiveness and 14 polymorphisms in the genes encoding the CYPs (CYP2C9, 2C19, 3A4, 3A5, 1A2, and 2B6), the ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1 (ABCB1). Platelet aggregation activity was measured after 8h of 300mg clopidogrel administration for fifty-five ACS patients. Results: There was no significant association between polymorphism of the studied CYPs and clopidogrel responsiveness (P>0.05). The frequency of the ABCB1 3435 T allele in clopidogrel non-responders was higher (78.9%) compared to responders (52.8%), but this difference was not significant (P=0.057). Demographic characteristics, comorbidities, concomitant treatments were not associated with clopidogrel response. Discussion: There was no effect of the studied genetic variations and demographic factors on the platelet activity of clopidogrel in Moroccan ACS patients. Keywords: clopidogrel resistance, coronary artery disease, gene polymorphisms, platelet inhibitors, ABCB1 gene, CYP450 gene

Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet prodrug primarily prescribed to prevent or treat acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or acute ischemic stroke (IS), polymorphisms of genes encoding cytochrome P-450 (CYP) and P-glycoprotein transporter, could affect the efficiency of clopidogrel absorption and biotransformation, especially during the first critical hours following its administration.IntroductionClopidogrel is an antiplatelet prodrug primarily prescribed to prevent or treat acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or acute ischemic stroke (IS), polymorphisms of genes encoding cytochrome P-450 (CYP) and P-glycoprotein transporter, could affect the efficiency of clopidogrel absorption and biotransformation, especially during the first critical hours following its administration.The present study was designed to investigate the potential association of clopidogrel responsiveness and 14 polymorphisms in the genes encoding the CYPs (CYP2C9, 2C19, 3A4, 3A5, 1A2, and 2B6), the ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1 (ABCB1). Platelet aggregation activity was measured after 8h of 300mg clopidogrel administration for fifty-five ACS patients.MethodsThe present study was designed to investigate the potential association of clopidogrel responsiveness and 14 polymorphisms in the genes encoding the CYPs (CYP2C9, 2C19, 3A4, 3A5, 1A2, and 2B6), the ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1 (ABCB1). Platelet aggregation activity was measured after 8h of 300mg clopidogrel administration for fifty-five ACS patients.There was no significant association between polymorphism of the studied CYPs and clopidogrel responsiveness (P>0.05). The frequency of the ABCB1 3435 T allele in clopidogrel non-responders was higher (78.9%) compared to responders (52.8%), but this difference was not significant (P=0.057). Demographic characteristics, comorbidities, concomitant treatments were not associated with clopidogrel response.ResultsThere was no significant association between polymorphism of the studied CYPs and clopidogrel responsiveness (P>0.05). The frequency of the ABCB1 3435 T allele in clopidogrel non-responders was higher (78.9%) compared to responders (52.8%), but this difference was not significant (P=0.057). Demographic characteristics, comorbidities, concomitant treatments were not associated with clopidogrel response.There was no effect of the studied genetic variations and demographic factors on the platelet activity of clopidogrel in Moroccan ACS patients.DiscussionThere was no effect of the studied genetic variations and demographic factors on the platelet activity of clopidogrel in Moroccan ACS patients.

ABSTRACT This report describes the whole-genome shotgun sequences of two multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains, ABE8_07 and ABE12_M, isolated from a Moroccan hospital floor. These two genome sequences will initiate the study and characterization of the Acinetobacter baumannii genome in Morocco.

Le syndrome de Lynch, ou cancer colorectal héréditaire sans polypose ou HNPCC (hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer), est la forme la plus fréquente de cancer colorectal héréditaire. Il conduit à une augmentation de la susceptibilité à développer des cancers, au premier rang le cancer colorectal, le cancer de l'endomètre chez les femmes, et dans une moindre mesure, d'autres cancers (ovaire, intestin grêle, estomac, voies excrétrices urinaires et hépatobiliaires). Ainsi, le risque cumulé de développer un cancer colorectal ou de l'endomètre à l’âge de 80 ans s’élève respectivement à 20 et 40%. Ces cancers sont caractérisés par leur contexte d'atteinte familiale, leur survenue à un âge précoce, ainsi que par le développement de cancers métachrones chez un même individu. Ce syndrome se transmet de manière autosomique dominante. Les gènes dont l'altération est associée à l'existence d'un syndrome HNPCC appartiennent à la famille des gènes de réparation des mésappariements de l'ADN (DNA mismatch repair ou MMR): MSH2, MLH1 et MSH6 sont impliqués, par ordre décroissant de fréquence, dans respectivement 35%, 25% et 2% des cas. Une surveillance coloscopique et gynécologique est proposée aux personnes porteuses d'une mutation constitutionnelle du gène MSH2, MLH1 ou MSH6. Nous rapportons une des premières observations marocaines d'un syndrome de Lynch dont la mutation constitutionnelle du gène MLH1 a été identifiée chez un des membres de la famille atteint d'un cancer du côlon. Suite à la demande d'autres sujets sains de la même famille, un diagnostic presymptomatique a été effectué conduisant à une stratégie de surveillance adaptée. A travers notre observation nous illustrons le rôle de l'oncogénétique dans la prise en charge des patients cancéreux et de leurs familles.

Lynch syndrome or hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) is the most common form of hereditary colorectal cancers. It increases cancer susceptibility, the risk of colorectal cancer in first-degree, endometrial cancer in women, and to a lesser extent, other cancers (ovarian, small bowel, stomach, urinary tract and hepatobiliary). Thus, the cumulative risk of developing colorectal cancer or endometrial cancer at the age of 80 years rises to 20 and 40% respectively. These cancers are characterized by a positive family history, their occurrence at an early age, and by the development of metachronous cancers in the same individual. This syndrome is transmitted in an autosomal dominant manner. The genes whose alteration is associated with the presence of an HNPCC belong to the family of DNA mismatch repair genes (DNA mismatch repair or MMR): MSH2, MLH1, and MSH6 are involved, in decreasing order of frequency, in 35%, 25% and 2% of cases respectively. Colonoscopic and gynecological monitoring is recommended for patients with a constitutional mutation in MSH2, MLH1 or Msh6 genes. We report one of the first moroccan case with Lynch syndrome whose constitutional mutation in the MLH1 gene was identified in a family member with colon cancer. In reply to the inquiry ofother healthy family members, a presymptomatic diagnosis was made allowing to formulate an appropriate monitoring strategy. Our study aims to highlight the role of oncogenetics in the management of patients with cancer and their families.