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Banana's consumption and its production produce a lot of peels, which are usually thrown away in the garbage and lead to environmental pollution. Peels are abundant sources of natural biological activity elements that are vital for avoiding illnesses. This study aimed to prepare cakes by adding green banana peels flour at three levels (10, 20, 30 and 40%) to produce cakes characterized with their good healthy properties and higher content of biological activity components. Chemical composition, rheological, physical, organoleptic, and antioxidant characteristics of cakes were studied. The findings confirmed that GBPF had greater antioxidant and nutritional characteristics. Data from farinographs of wheat flour added to GBPF revealed a rise in water absorption. The organoleptic evaluation of cakes containing up to 10% GBPF was once observed to be acceptable. The study recommends a 10% GBPF to enhance the nutritional value, antioxidant characteristics, and qualitative aspects of cakes while maintaining their health benefits.

Foot inflammation is a medical condition that refers to a localized or systemic response of the body's tissues triggered by injury, infection, or irritation. It's a natural defence mechanism involving the release of chemicals, white blood cells, and increased blood flow to the affected area. Common indicators of foot inflammation include redness, warmth, pain, and swelling. Various factors, such as trauma, infections, autoimmune diseases, and inflammatory conditions like arthritis, can lead to inflammation. This study aimed to assess the impact of different concentrations of cayenne pepper on hind paw edema inflammation in adult male albino rats. Twenty-five white male albino rats, averaging 220±5 grams each, were divided into 5 groups, with 5 rats in each group. Over a 28-day period, the rats were fed diets containing cayenne pepper powdered blends at concentrations of 2.5%, 5%, and 7.5%, respectively. Additionally, inflammation was induced by injecting formalin at a concentration of 0.1 ml/kg/ body weight. Formalin injection resulted in a notable decrease in, HDL levels and a significant increase in ESR, TC, TG, VLDL, LDL, uric acid, creatinine, and urea levels. However, the results showed an improvement in all these parameters for rats with foot inflammation that were fed various experimental diets. The most effective diet was the one containing 7.5% cayenne pepper, suggesting that it produced the best therapeutic outcomes.

This study investigated explore the effects of incorporating kumquat powder into coffee, focusing on sensory properties, chemical composition, bioactive compound content, and antioxidant capacity. Caffeine in coffee primarily acts as a central nervous system stimulant, reducing fatigue and enhancing alertness. It also boosts dopamine activity and stimulates adrenaline release, improving mood, concentration, and physical performance. However, kumquats may help mitigate some of caffeine's negative effects due to their rich content of antioxidants and dietary fiber. Notably, their high phenolic content (25 mg/g) combats oxidative stress associated with excessive caffeine intake, supporting cellular health. The fiber and natural compounds in kumquats aid liver function, promoting efficient caffeine metabolism and elimination. Although coffee is acidic and may irritate the stomach, kumquats exhibit an alkalizing effect post-digestion, helping to balance acidity and enhance digestive comfort. Additionally, kumquat essential oils contribute to cardiovascular support by helping to regulate blood pressure, potentially offsetting caffeine-induced increases. Sensory evaluation results identified the 5% kumquat mix (peel and pulp) as the most preferred formulation, achieving the highest overall acceptance score (7.9). This blend notably enhanced aroma (7.8), flavor (7.8), and mouthfeel (7.8), while maintaining a pleasant aftertaste (7.5).

Xenobiotics are continuously exposed to the liver, which can cause several significant liver diseases. To determine if they are suitable for treating chemically induced liver injuries in experimental animals, various plant products have been examined for their potential hepatoprotective properties. The effect of different heart of palm date powder concentrations 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5% on the biological and biochemical alterations in the livers of rats were evaluated. Twenty-five white male albino rats weighing 140 ± 10g each were placed into 5 groups with 5 animals each. Rats infected with hepatic by injecting carbon tetra chloride (CCl4) 0.2 ml/100 g body weight of 40 ml/l CCl4 dissolved in paraffin oil. After being starved for one day, rats were slaughtered, and blood was collected and processed to separate the serum. Serum liver functions (ALT, AST, and ALP) and oxidative enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity, serum lipid profile (T.G., T.C., LDL-c, HDL-c, VIDL-c), and renal functions (uric acid, urea, and creatinine), were also determined. The HPLC technique was also used to identify phenolic compounds. The HPLC results showed that the heart of palm contained many bioactive compounds. The obtained results of hepatic rats indicated that heart of palm powder improve serum liver functions, kidney functions, lipid profile and oxidative enzymes in rats especially 7.5% levels. As conclusion, heart of palm powder could be used in our beverages and daily dishes, besides the fact that it has so many health benefits.

A reduction in renal function has a major effect on metabolism and nutritional status. It has been discovered that several plants have antioxidant effects and can defend against experimental kidney toxicity. This study examined the effects of powdered 5% horsetail, 5% hollyhock and 5% mixtures of it on nephrotoxic rats. In this experiment was used 25 adult male albino rats weighing 150±10g. The rats were divided into 5 groups. Each group contains 5 rats. Gentamicin was administered intravenously to the other groups once daily for 7days while one was kept as the (-ve) group. The following data were determined glucose level, serum liver enzymes (AST, ALT, and ALP), markers of kidney functions (urea, creatinine, uric acid), lipid profile (triglycerides, total cholesterol, VIDL-c, HDL-c, LDL-c), serum electrolyte (sodium, chloride and calcium) and histopathology of the kidney. Also, it was was determined phenolic compounds of horsetail & hollyhock. The results of HPLC showed that the horsetail contained higher bioactive compounds than hollyhock leaves. According to the results, rats' kidney, liver and lipid profiles were all enhanced by the combination of horsetail and hollyhock leaves powder. The best results were shown with the 5% mixture, which is advised for use as a beverage drink to improve kidney functioning. In conclusion: In the treatment of rats with renal failure, Horsetail and hollyhock leaves can be considered as potential therapeutic feeding programs.