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Parasitic infections are a major setback to livestock production in Ghana but the disease situation in many localities is poorly understood. A study to determine the prevalence and distribution of Taenia hydatigena in goats and sheep was carried out in two major municipal abattoirs in Tamale and Wa. A total of 538 goats and 256 sheep were screened for cysts during a cross-sectional survey which revealed a prevalence of 22.34% and 33.96% in goats from Tamale and Wa, respectively, and 22.66% in sheep from Tamale. Infection was common in male and female, young and old animals alike. Animals considered in the study originated from various localities within Northern and Upper West Regions and T. hydatigena infection was thought to be autochthonous, depicting a wide distribution of the cestode infection in small ruminants. Our data represent the importance of T. hydatigena infection in goat and sheep production and provide a base for subsequent epidemiological studies in Ghana.

This paper presents wind tunnel experiment on two delta wing configurations which are differentiated by their leading edge profiles: sharp and round-edged wings. The experiments were performed as a part of the delta wing aerodynamics research development in Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, low speed tunnel (UTM-LST). Steady load balance and flow visualization tests were conducted at Reynolds numbers of 0.5, 1, and 1.5 × 106, respectively. The flow measurement at low Reynolds number was also performed at as low as speed of 5 m/s. During the experiments, laser with smoke flow visualizations test was performed on both wings. The study has identified interesting features of the interrelationship between the conventional leading edge primary vortex and the occurrence and development of the vortex breakdown above the delta wings. The results conclude the vortex characteristics are largely dependent on the Reynolds number, angle of attack, and leading-edge radii of the wing.

This study used the activity theory model to determine the dynamic difficulty adjustment of serious-game based on synthetic fog. The difference in difficulty levels was generated in a 3-dimensional game environment with changes determined by applying varying fog thickness. The activity theory model in serious-games aims to facilitate development analysis in terms of learning content, the equipment used, and the resulting in-game action. The difficulty levels vary according to the player's ability because the game is expected to reduce boredom and frustration. Furthermore, this study simulated scenarios of various conditions, scores, time remaining, and the lives of synthetic players. The experimental results showed that the system can change the game environment with different fog thicknesses according to synthetic player parameters.

Arab women and the patriarchal culture are two things that cannot be separated. The influence of globalization and the rate of information and the Arab Spring revolution have such a profound impact on the identity of Arab women. The issue of discrimination and emancipation as a manifestation of the effort to re-actualize the identity of Arab women is widely reported in the media that we can see its progress day by day. This study shows how the media represents the identity of Arab women in Midan Al-Jazeera, Al-Ittihad, and mawdoo3 which contain problems in the social life of Arab women. As for the social reality of Arab society, women are positioned as individuals who can begin to actualize themselves. The data were analyzed by combining the concept of critical discourse analysis approach by Norman Fairclough and Teun A. Van Dijk who divided the analysis into three dimensions: text (micro), practical discourse (meso), and sociocultural (macro). The results show that the articles in Arab Media represent the re-actualization of Arab female identity using a specific discursive strategy in each of the articles. Through the texts in the article, Arab women are represented as free individuals, regardless of the role of wife and mother, and to have an active contribution to the social and autonomous sphere. It is under the conservative Arab government agenda toward a more moderate country in the twenty-first century.

This research aims to examine the role of Nahdlatul Ulama’s (NU) diplomacy in spreading the values of Islam Rahmatan Lil ‘Alamin to strengthen the conceptions of state and religion in Indonesia. This study is beneficial in understanding the fundamental religious organization (NU) that can contribute to interfaith and international dialogue and cooperation, support social harmony, and reinforce an inclusive and tolerant national foundation in Indonesia. Therefore, the current study deployed a qualitative research methodology. The analysis was conducted using data collected through a literature review, in-depth interviews with leaders and members of NU, and a content analysis of videos and netizen comments on the NU Online YouTube channel regarding discussions by Gus Dur about the formation of an Islamic state. This study also explores the genealogy of NU, the state and religious conceptions advocated by NU, and the biography and views of Gus Dur on the topic. The findings indicate that NU, through Gus Dur's thinking and an inclusive diplomatic approach, has actively promoted an interpretation of Islam oriented towards universal values such as justice, peace, and tolerance. NU reflects this by actively promoting Islam Rahmatan Lil ‘Alamin as the foundation for a stronger, pluralistic, and democratic state. The study also examined the polemics of state and religious conceptions that trigger public discussions and explores the NU differences through cross-faith dialogue and understanding.

This research aims to examine the role of Nahdlatul Ulama's (NU) diplomacy in spreading the values of Islam Rahmatan Lil 'Alamin to strengthen the conceptions of state and religion in Indonesia. This study is beneficial in understanding the fundamental religious organization (NU) that can contribute to interfaith and international dialogue and cooperation, support social harmony, and reinforce an inclusive and tolerant national foundation in Indonesia. Therefore, the current study deployed a qualitative research methodology. The analysis was conducted using data collected through a literature review, in-depth interviews with leaders and members of NU, and a content analysis of videos and netizen comments on the NU Online YouTube channel regarding discussions by Gus Dur about the formation of an Islamic state. This study also explores the genealogy of NU, the state and religious conceptions advocated by NU, and the biography and views of Gus Dur on the topic. The findings indicate that NU, through Gus Dur's thinking and an inclusive diplomatic approach, has actively promoted an interpretation of Islam oriented towards universal values such as justice, peace, and tolerance. NU reflects this by actively promoting Islam Rahmatan Lil 'Alamin as the foundation for a stronger, pluralistic, and democratic state. The study also examined the polemics of state and religious conceptions that trigger public discussions and explores the NU differences through cross-faith dialogue and understanding.

باستخدام طريقة فيركلو وليوين في تحليل الخطاب، يهدف هذا البحث إلى كشف صورة الأزمة الاقتصادية السورية؛ كما وردت في مصادر الأخبار العربية، مثل الجزيرة، والعربية، والإخبارية السورية. تهدف الدراسة إلى فك شفرة الطريقة التي تتعامل بها هذه المصادر مع الخطاب المتعلق بالأزمة الاقتصادية في سوريا دمجًا وإقصاءً، بالإضافة إلى الكشف عن العوامل والآثار المرتبطة باقتصاد البلاد، وبالتنمية الاجتماعية. جُمعت البيانات من قنوات الجزيرة والعربية والإخبارية السورية خلال الفترة 2021-2022. تشير نتائج البحث إلى حالات محددة من الخطاب الإقصائي في الإبلاغ عن الأزمة الاقتصادية في سوريا، التي تجلت من خلال حالة واحدة من التخميل، وواحدة من التسمية، وثلاث حالات من استبدال الموضوع. حددت الدراسة الخطاب النشط، كما يتضح من حالة واحدة من التجريد، وواحدة من تحديد الهوية، واثنتان من الارتباط، وواحدة من الفردية. وتؤكد الدراسة دقة إيصال الخطاب المتعلق بالأزمة الاقتصادية في سوريا من قبل هذه المنافذ الإخبارية العربية، على الرغم من اختلاف الاستراتيجيات المعتمدة للقيام بذلك؛ مما يؤدي إلى طيف من وجهات النظر المؤيدة والمعارضة للقضية. أحد العوامل الحاسمة في تصعيد المأزق الاقتصادي في سوريا هو الصراع بين روسيا وأوكرانيا، الذي حول الأراضي السورية إلى قناة للأسلحة والإمدادات الغذائية. ونتيجة لذلك، تفاقمت الأزمة الاقتصادية في سوريا، مع تداعيات بعيدة المدى من المرجح أن تؤثر على البلدان المجاورة، بما في ذلك لبنان وإيران وغيرها.

This research employs Fairclough and Leeuwen's discourse analysis methodology to examine the portrayal of the Syrian economic crisis in Arabic news outlets, including Al Jazeera, Al Arabiya, and Al-Ikhbariyah, Syria. The study aims to reveal how these outlets include or exclude discussions about Syria's economic crisis and to explore the implications of these discourse strategies on Syria's economy and societal progress. Analyzing data from 2021 to 2022, the study uncovers various instances of exclusionary discourse, such as Passivation and Nominalization, and contrasts these with examples of active discourse, including Abstraction and Identification. The findings suggest a generally accurate depiction of the economic crisis across different news outlets, despite varying discourse strategies that lead to different perspectives. The research highlights the Russia-Ukraine conflict's role in exacerbating Syria's economic woes, transforming the country into a conduit for weaponry and food and impacting neighboring nations like Lebanon and Iran.

Merapi Volcano is an active stratovolcano located on the border between Central Java and Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia. A VEI (Volcano Explosively Index) IV eruption of Merapi began on 26th october 2010. This research aims to estimate the depth of pressure source and magma supply volume during 2009 - 2011. There are eight GPS stations installed around merapi volcano. During the eruption in October 2010, GPS data have shown lengthening of the baselines between Merapi’s crater and monitoring stations, it means that merapi has already entered into inflation process. Merapi Volcano begins to deflate in 2011. Estimation of the depth of pressure source and magma supply volume has been done using Mogi and Yokoyama models. The result shown the depth of pressure source before eruption is around 2.3 km and the magma supply volume about 55 million m3.

This study aims to determine the sociology of the author in the poetry anthology Ar-Robi fii Qalbi by Sofi Ghoniyah based on the perspective of Rene Wellek and Austin Warren. This research focuses on four aspects, namely (1) the social background of the author in the anthology of poetry Ar-Robi fii Qalbi by Sofi Ghoniyah based on the perspective of Rene Wellek and Austin Warren; (2) the author's social integration in the poetry anthology Ar-Robi fii Qalbi by Sofi Ghoniyah based on the perspective of Rene Wellek and Austin Warren; (3) author's economic sources in the poetry anthology Ar-Robi fii Qalbi by Sofi Ghoniyah based on the perspective of Rene Wellek and Austin Warren; (4) professionalism in the authorship of Sofi Ghoniyah's anthology of poetry Ar-Robi fii Qalbi based on the perspective of Rene Wellek and Austin Warren. This type of research is qualitative research. The data source of this research uses an anthology of poetry entitled \"Ar-robi fii qalbi\" by Sofi Ghoniyah.  While the secondary data sources of this research were obtained from reading books or journals discussing the sociological theory of the authors Rene Wellek and Austin Warren. Data collection techniques in this study used interview techniques and note-taking techniques. The data validation technique used in this study is to increase persistence, triangulate data, and discuss with colleagues and experts. Meanwhile, for the data analysis technique, this research uses the Miles and Huberman method, namely data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The researchers produced several data, namely (1) the author of the poetry anthology Ar-Robi fii qalbi is an educated author and has close interactions with her environment. (2) The author of the poetry anthology Ar-Robi fii qalbi has a high degree of integration. He mingles with the general public. (3) The main economic source of the author in Ar-Robi's poetry anthology is not through her work but in her educational activities. As a teacher, her work is often used as learning material for her students. (4) The author of the poetry anthology Ar-Robi fii qalbi has high professionalism in the authorship of her work.