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"Absher, Amy"
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Traveling Jazz Musicians and Debt Peonage
Absher focuses on traveling jazz musicians and debt peonage in the US. In April 16, 1937, Chester Jones with his brothers Morgan and Charles were jailed in Ruston LA due to debt peonage. Sometime in 1935 the Jones brothers left their home in Birmingham to find work as musicians. They met Dewey Helms and began performing in his nightclub in El Dorado AR. Slowly, Helms initiated the brothers into debt peonage by giving them advances on their pay. The brothers, in poor health and starving, tried to escape from Helms, who responded by filing charges against them. With a bench warrant out for their arrest, they were picked up by the sheriff and held until Helms arrived to claim them.
Journal Article
Why does papa love mambo? An alternative perspective of America, 1947–1955
Mambo provides an alternative perspective into an ethnically diverse America before rock and roll. Fusions between multiple American cultures and an urban immigrant Latin culture produced mambo. Beginning with the mambo's Latin percussive roots m the slave cultures of Cuba, this thesis explores the raucous, fun-loving, suburban mambo culture of Perry Como's 1954 hit “Papa Loves Mambo” in order to access the process of the conditional acceptance of Latin culture by a non-Latino audience. The partnership of jazzman Dizzy Gillespie and percussionist Chano Pozo elucidates the artistic depths of the mambo, which shaped Black Nationalism, the beat generation, and the modern art movement.
Dissertation
Becoming Belafonte: Black Artist, Public Radical
Absher reviews Becoming Belafonte: Black Artist, Public Radical by Judith E Smith.
Book Review
Quality Improvement in Neurology: Dementia Management Quality Measures (Executive Summary)
This article represents the efforts of an interdisciplinary work group, the Dementia Measures Work Group (DWG), composed of representatives of diverse national organizations who convened specifically to define optimal standards of dementia care for individual practitioners as well as multidisciplinary teams. The DWG measurement set includes all stages of dementia in a single measure set, calls for the use of functional staging in planning care, prompts the use of validated instruments in patient and caregiver assessment and intervention, highlights the relevance of using palliative care concepts to guide care prior to the advanced stages of illness, and provides evidence-based support for its recommendations and guidance on the selection of instruments for tracking patient-centered outcomes. In addition, it specifies annual reassessment and updating of interventions and care plans for dementia-related problems that affect families and other caregivers as well as patients.
Journal Article
Trans-Ethnic Fine-Mapping of Lipid Loci Identifies Population-Specific Signals and Allelic Heterogeneity That Increases the Trait Variance Explained
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified ~100 loci associated with blood lipid levels, but much of the trait heritability remains unexplained, and at most loci the identities of the trait-influencing variants remain unknown. We conducted a trans-ethnic fine-mapping study at 18, 22, and 18 GWAS loci on the Metabochip for their association with triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), respectively, in individuals of African American (n = 6,832), East Asian (n = 9,449), and European (n = 10,829) ancestry. We aimed to identify the variants with strongest association at each locus, identify additional and population-specific signals, refine association signals, and assess the relative significance of previously described functional variants. Among the 58 loci, 33 exhibited evidence of association at P<1×10-4 in at least one ancestry group. Sequential conditional analyses revealed that ten, nine, and four loci in African Americans, Europeans, and East Asians, respectively, exhibited two or more signals. At these loci, accounting for all signals led to a 1.3- to 1.8-fold increase in the explained phenotypic variance compared to the strongest signals. Distinct signals across ancestry groups were identified at PCSK9 and APOA5. Trans-ethnic analyses narrowed the signals to smaller sets of variants at GCKR, PPP1R3B, ABO, LCAT, and ABCA1. Of 27 variants reported previously to have functional effects, 74% exhibited the strongest association at the respective signal. In conclusion, trans-ethnic high-density genotyping and analysis confirm the presence of allelic heterogeneity, allow the identification of population-specific variants, and limit the number of candidate SNPs for functional studies.
Journal Article