Explore the vast range of titles available.

Intensive disease surveillance in an endangered population of Ethiopian wolves provided evidence of concurrent outbreaks of rabies and canine distemper viruses in 2019, including co-infection in an individual animal. Disease surveillance and intensive monitoring of wolf packs in Ethiopia were essential in detecting the concurrent outbreaks and enabled accurate assessment of disease from both pathogens. The study highlights the risk posed to endangered populations that are susceptible to, or live in areas with, reservoir hosts for canine distemper and rabies viruses. Instances of concurrent distemper and rabies outbreaks appear unusual in the existing literature; modeling for one disease might underestimate the risk for extinction. Concurrent outbreaks may have a larger effect than single-disease outbreaks, even in a population that has partial vaccination coverage. Researchers studying wildlife populations from a conservation perspective should be aware that both diseases can strike at once where susceptible populations exist.

Wildlife rehabilitation is widely practiced to help injured animals recover and return to the wild, particularly benefiting endangered species that have small local populations. Here, we report the first case of a rehabilitated Ethiopian wolf that was successfully released back in the Simien Mountains. Through this case study, we documented the clinical treatment provided, recovery, and behavior of this individual during captivity, and post‐release monitoring in the wild using a GPS collar. After 51 days of captivity, during which a bone fracture in the hind leg caused by a gunshot was treated, the wolf was released back. After remaining with his pack members for 22 days, the wolf dispersed and settled in an unoccupied territory, where he paired with a female and successfully sired a litter. This study provides important insights on rehabilitation and post‐release monitoring that will inform conservation management of the Ethiopian wolf. Wildlife rehabilitation is widely practiced to help injured animals recover and return to the wild, particularly benefiting endangered species that have small local populations. Here, we report the first case of a rehabilitated Ethiopian wolf that was successfully released back in the Simien Mountains. After 51 days of captivity, during which a bone fracture in the hind leg was treated, the wolf was returned to the wild. After remaining with his pack members for ca. 22 days, the wolf dispersed and settled in an unoccupied territory, where he paired with a female and successfully raised a litter.

ABSTRACT Canine distemper virus (CDV) has been implicated in population declines of wildlife, including many threatened species. Here we present the full genome of CDV from an Ethiopian wolf, Canis simensis, the world’s rarest and most endangered canid.