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Environmental impacts and consumer concerns have necessitated the study of bio-based materials as alternatives to petrochemicals for packaging applications. The purpose of this review is to summarize synthetic and non-synthetic materials feasible for packaging and textile applications, routes of upscaling, (industrial) applications, evaluation of sustainability, and end-of-life options. The outlined bio-based materials include polylactic acid, polyethylene furanoate, polybutylene succinate, and non-synthetically produced polymers such as polyhydrodyalkanoate, cellulose, starch, proteins, lipids, and waxes. Further emphasis is placed on modification techniques (coating and surface modification), biocomposites, multilayers, and additives used to adjust properties especially for barriers to gas and moisture and to tune their biodegradability. Overall, this review provides a holistic view of bio-based packaging material including processing, and an evaluation of the sustainability of and options for recycling. Thus, this review contributes to increasing the knowledge of available sustainable bio-based packaging material and enhancing the transfer of scientific results into applications.

Neutral palladium(II) and platinum(II) chloro-complexes with the conjugate base of [(pyrrol-2-yl)methylene]quinolin-8-amine were prepared in a single step by reacting 8-aminoquinoline and pyrrole-2-aldehyde with [MCl(CH 3 )(COD)] (M = Pd, Pt; COD = 1,5-cyclooctadiene). The reaction consists of a metal-assisted condensation and the protonolysis of the M–C bond by the pyrrole NH. The solid-state structure of the palladium derivative was determined by X-ray diffraction, while the electronic features of the complexes were investigated by means of DFT calculations.

The enzymatic extraction of proteins from fish biomasses is being widely investigated. However, little or almost no research has paid attention to the exploitation of unsorted fishery biomasses. This work is part of a larger study, Part I of which has already been published, and focuses on an extensive characterization of two collagenous samples, namely gelatin (G) and hydrolyzed gelatin peptides (HGPs), extracted from a dehydrated fish biomass coming from unsorted canned yellowfin tuna side streams. The results indicate crude protein fractions of 90–93%, pH values between 3 and 5, white–yellow colors, collagen-like FTIR spectra, and 17% in terms of total amino acid content. Viscosity and the study of dynamic viscous–elastic behavior were analyzed. Thermo-gravimetric analysis was performed to assess the residual ashes. Both samples were investigated to determine their molecular weight distribution via size-exclusion chromatography, with a higher total average molecular weight for G compared to HGPs, with values of 17,265.5 Da and 2637.5 Da, respectively. G demonstrated technological properties similar to analogous marine gelatins. HGPs demonstrated antioxidant activity as per FRAP assay. All the results open up new perspectives for the potential use of these substances in biodegradable packaging, dietary supplements, and skin care cosmetics.

The H -phosphinate 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO), a commercial compound of interest for its flame retardant properties, was successfully converted to related phosphonamidates following a recently patented one-pot method based on the oxidation of the species in the presence of a suitable aliphatic or aromatic amine under mild conditions. In this way, the compounds 6-morpholinodibenzo[ c , e ][1,2]oxaphosphinine 6-oxide, 6-(4-acetylpiperazino)dibenzo[ c , e ][1,2]oxaphosphinine 6-oxide, 6- p -tolylaminodibenzo[ c , e ][1,2]oxaphosphinine 6-oxide and 6-(methyl(phenyl)amino)dibenzo[ c , e ][1,2]oxaphosphinine 6-oxide, where the P–H bond is formally replaced by P–N bonds, were isolated in good yields and with high purities. The characterization data were supported by the single-crystal X-ray structure determination of 6-morpholinodibenzo[ c , e ][1,2]oxaphosphinine 6-oxide and 6-(methyl(phenyl)amino)dibenzo[ c , e ][1,2]oxaphosphinine 6-oxide. Graphical abstract