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"Ahmed, Ahmed"
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Sudanese medical students’ satisfaction with online learning and its association with their psychological distress: a cross-sectional study
Background
Online learning has emerged as an alternative to continuing higher education during the ongoing conflict in Sudan. Despite its numerous benefits, online learning is often associated with challenges like stress, anxiety, and depression. Satisfaction plays a pivotal role in shaping students’ perceptions of online education quality and their mental well-being, especially under adverse conditions like conflict. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the satisfaction of Sudanese medical students with online learning and its association with psychological distress issues, including anxiety, depression, and stress, during the current Sudan war.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among Sudanese medical students who transitioned to online learning during the conflict. Satisfaction with online learning was assessed using a validated questionnaire consisting of eight dimensions, while depression symptoms were measured with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, anxiety with the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, and perceived stress with the Perceived Stress Scale-10. Associations between demographic factors and key outcomes were analyzed using independent t-tests, chi-square tests, and one-way ANOVA, with statistical significance set at
p
< 0.05.
Results
Among the 1,891 medical students surveyed, the mean satisfaction score for online learning was 26.2 out of 40. Mild to moderate depression was reported by 59.4% of students, while 62% experienced mild to moderate anxiety, and 21% reported high stress levels. Lower satisfaction was significantly associated with higher levels of depression, anxiety, and stress (all
p
< 0.001).
Conclusion
Sudanese medical students reported positive satisfaction with online learning during the conflict, yet this was accompanied by high levels of depression, anxiety, and stress. These findings highlight the need for integrated mental health support and improved digital access to enhance online education. Addressing these challenges is essential to ensuring student well-being and sustaining quality education in conflict settings. Further research across different settings can help develop more effective interventions.
Journal Article
Taliban : militant Islam, oil and fundamentalism in Central Asia /
Rashid brings the shadowy world of the Taliban into sharp focus. He explains its rise to power, its impact on Afghanistan and the region, its role in oil and gas company decisions, and the effects of changing American attitudes toward the Taliban.
Book
Anxiety and depression symptoms among a sample of Khartoum civilians during the 2023 Sudan armed conflict: A cross-sectional study
Mental health during armed conflicts is of paramount importance, as such situations often lead to increased risks of anxiety and depression symptoms among civilians. The military conflict between the Sudanese army and Rapid Support Forces, which began on April 15, 2023, is currently ongoing mainly in Khartoum State. Despite the significant impact of the conflict on the region, there is a lack of data regarding the mental health status of the residents. The aim of this study is to assess anxiety and depression symptoms among residents of Khartoum State during the first months of the 2023 military conflict.
We conducted a cross-sectional study among residents of Khartoum State between May 27 and June 19 using an online questionnaire. We used standardized screening questionnaires, namely the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) for anxiety and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) for depression. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify sociodemographic factors that are associated with anxiety and depression symptoms.
Out of the 393 participants in the study, 70% had symptoms suggestive of depression and 57.3% suffered from anxiety symptoms. Both anxiety and depression were associated with being female (p < 0.001). Being married was a predictor of anxiety (p = 0.028) but not depression (p = 0.3). Other predictors were not significant (p > 0.05).
High levels of anxiety and depression symptoms were prevalent among Khartoum residents during the conflict, with females and married individuals at higher risk. Immediate medical assessment is essential for identifying cases and providing support. Mental health services should be integrated into emergency response efforts, particularly focusing on vulnerable groups. Future research should address study limitations and explore coping strategies for anxiety and depression in Sudanese adults.
Journal Article
Utilization, satisfaction, and barriers to antenatal care among pregnant women in Gadarif State during the Sudan war: a cross-sectional study
Background
Healthcare services during wartime face significant challenges. Pregnant women seeking antenatal care (ANC) during the Sudan conflict encounter numerous barriers, impacting their access and satisfaction. This study assessed ANC utilization, satisfaction, and barriers faced by pregnant women in Gadarif State during the ongoing war.
Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted at Gadarif Hospital for Obstetrics and Gynecology from September to November 2024, targeting women who had given birth at the hospital. A questionnaire with four sections assessed utilization, satisfaction, and barriers with ANC during wartime. Cross-tabulations and chi-square tests analyzed associations between categorical variables, with
p
-values < 0.05 considered significant.
Results
A total of 345 pregnant women participated in this study. ANC utilization was reflected in a median of 4.0 visits (IQR = 2.0), with the first visit occurring at a median of 13 weeks (IQR = 13). Overall, 90.4% of participants reported being satisfied with ANC services, although satisfaction with interpersonal communication skills was the lowest at 6.4%. Barriers to access included lack of privacy (33.3%) and irregular facility operating hours (21.4%), while the primary reasons for missing ANC visits were transport challenges and the absence of night-duty staff.
Conclusion
This study revealed a surprisingly high level of satisfaction with ANC services, despite key barriers such as lack of privacy and irregular health facility operating hours. While ANC attendance was relatively good, visits tended to start later than recommended. Interventions should focus on addressing these barriers by improving service accessibility and ensuring consistent care. Enhancing early engagement with ANC is also critical to improving maternal health outcomes.
Journal Article
Eltrombopag Effectiveness and Tolerability in Chronic Immune Thrombocytopenia: A Meta-Analysis
Eltrombopag is an orally administered, non-peptide, thrombopoietin receptor agonist which initiates thrombopoietin signaling and stimulates the production of normally functioning platelet. We aimed to do a systematic review and meta-analysis of currently available published data to verify whether eltrombopag treatment in patients with chronic immune-mediated thrombocytopenia can prolong survival. We searched for published, randomized, controlled trials in PubMed, Cochrane and Scopus databases using the following search strategy (“Eltrombopag” OR “Benzoates” OR “Hydrazines”) AND (“Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura” OR “immune thrombocytopenia” OR “Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpuras” OR “Immune Thrombocytopenia” OR “Autoimmune Thrombocytopenia” OR “Werlhof”). The pooled relative risk (RR) showed that eltrombopag group has significantly higher overall platelet response than placebo group (MD = 3.42, 95% CI [2.51, 4.65], P > .0001); pooled results were homogenous (P = .27, I2 = 22%). The pooled relative risk showed that eltrombopag group has lower incidence of any bleeding than placebo group (MD = 0.65, 95% CI [0.48, 0.87], P = .003); pooled results were heterogenous (P = .001, I2 = 75%) and the detected heterogeneity was best resolved after excluding Bussel et al (P = .10). Homogeneous results were still favored eltrombopag group (MD = 0.75, 95% CI [0.60, 0.93], P = .008).
Journal Article
Living with heritage in Cairo : area conservation in the Arab-Islamic city
\"The Arab - Islamic city has been always a glamorous urban dream in human cultural memory. This is manifested in Cairo, the world's largest medieval urban system where traditional lifestyles are still implemented. Nevertheless, despite the extensive efforts to preserve Historic Cairo, it is sadly vulnerable. Ahmed Sedky investigates the reasons behind this condition, exploring and comparing regional and international case studies. Questions such as how and what to conserve are raised and elaborated through the perspectives of different stakeholders. A resulting evaluative framework is accumulated that underpins the criteria for assessing area conservation in the Arab - Islamic context and that can be used to delineate the causes responsible for the present condition of Historic Cairo.\" -- Book jacket.
Book
Multifunctional properties of Phlomis aurea extracts: In-vitro antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, potent repellency against two mosquito vectors and molecular docking studies
To develop economically viable and environmentally benign methodologies for organic reactions and reveal the practical utility of transitional natural compounds and their derivatives. In addition, a new research method to conduct docking studies against nuclear factors sheds light on the theoretical mechanism of action of
Phlomis aurea
extracts as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, and repellent. The pharmacological potential of
Phlomis aurea
is investigated in this research by analysing its aqueous and petroleum ether extracts. So, to evaluate antioxidant activity, the DPPH scavenging test was used and compared against ascorbic acid; aqueous extract showed noteworthy activity. Both extracts demonstrated noteworthy efficacy against various pathogens, such as
Enterococcus faecalis
,
Staphylococcus aureus
, and
Candida albicans
. The anti-cancer activity was also assessed using in-vitro assay on a standard cell line (Wi38) and two cancer cell lines (MDA and HepG2). The sensitivity of starving female
An. pharoensis
to the studied extracts was higher than that of
Cx. pipiens
, suggesting that these extracts may have potential applications in vector control. Docking study against nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2) (PDB ID: 3wn7), topoisomerase IV (PDB ID: 7lhz), COX protein (PDB ID: 6y3c), and Odorant Binding Protein 7 (OBP7) (PDB ID: 3r1o), to shed light on the theoretical mechanism expected as anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, anti-cancer and repellent effects against mosquitoes respectively, for galic acid as most significantly quantifying compounds on both extracts; highlighting the predicted mechanism of the proposed in-vitro assay, and confirming the present result.
Journal Article