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Acute restraint stress (ARS) is an unavoidable stress situation and may be encountered in different clinical situations. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of ARS on the hippocampus and cerebellum, assess the impact of these effects on the behavior and cognitive function, and determine whether pretreatment with ceftriaxone would attenuate the damages produced by ARS on the hippocampus and cerebellum. Four groups of male mice were included in this study: The control group, ARS group, ceftriaxone group, and ARS + ceftriaxone group. Tail suspension test, Y-maze task, and open field tests were used to assess depression, working spatial memory, and anxiety. The biochemical analyses included measurements of serum cortisol, tumor necrotic factor (TNF), interleukin-6, hippocampal expression of bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9), lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1), glutamate transporter 1 (GLT1), heat shock protein 90, cerebellar expression of S100 protein, glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), and carbon anhydrase. Histopathological examination of the brain sections was conducted on the hippocampus and cerebellum by hematoxylin and eosin stains in addition to ultrastructure evaluation using electron microscopy. Our results suggested that ceftriaxone had neuroprotective properties by attenuating the effects of ARS on the hippocampus and cerebellum in mice. This effect was demonstrated by the improvement in the cognitive and behavioral tests as well as by the preservation of the hippocampal and cerebellar architecture.

Disturbances in the Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF) and solar conditions can affect the geomagnetic field measurements. In the current study, the influence of IMF and solar fluctuations on the nighttime Pc3-5 and Pi2 pulsations at low latitudes is investigated. Geomagnetic data recorded by the Egyptian geomagnetic observatories are used to examine the occurrence of nighttime pulsation events in Egypt. The corresponding daytime data from the Honolulu (HON) INTERMAGNET observatory were used for comparison between nighttime and daytime pulsation activity aiming for a better understanding of their sources. Two pulsation activities occurred on 7 and 27 February 2014 under different IMF and solar conditions were examined. Results of data analysis indicate that geomagnetic field fluctuations (Pc3-5 and Pi2 pulsations) are affected by changes in the IMF and solar conditions. The occurrence of space weather events such as geomagnetic storms and Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) can significantly affect the coherence and correlations between the pulsation wave-packets observed at nighttime and daytime suggesting different generation mechanisms for each pulsation event.

Background Bilateral cochlear implantation (BiCI) has been provided with an intent to promote binaural hearing and improve quality of life (QoL). Binaural hearing maximum benefit could be optimized with BiCI, when indicated in the early stages of life through preserving the cortical hearing development. Actually, BiCI benefits wide variables among patients, and in this work, we aimed to analyze the benefit of bilateral cochlear implantation over unilateral and the simultaneous over sequential implantation in peri- and post-lingual patients. The analysis based on common clinically used audiological tests such as aided hearing threshold and speech perception measures. Results The results of the aided threshold and speech perception measures in all patients revealed a significantly better response in the bilateral implantations than in unilateral each implant separately. Overall, the best response was seen in the simultaneous bilateral group followed by sequential bilateral groups. In post-lingual patients, a better response was observed in sequential and similar bilateral than in sequential and different device groups with significant differences. Change of performance across time revealed aided threshold improvement of the from 3 to 6 months. In speech perception measures, the post-lingual group revealed significant improvement of high-context sentence test (HCST) scores from 3 to 6 months and 12 months. In the peri-lingual group, Early Speech Perception test (ESPT) revealed a change in performance with time at 3, 6, and 12 months. In addition, the simultaneous patient’s scores were significantly better than sequential similar patient’s scores. Conclusion The main finding of our study was that bilateral cochlear implants (BiCI) are better than unilateral cochlear implant, and simultaneous BiCI is preferred than the sequential cochlear implant even after escaping the early stage of language development.

In this trial involving 2492 patients, coronary revascularization guided by iFR, as compared with fractional flow reserve-guided revascularization, was within the prespecified margin for noninferiority with respect to major adverse cardiac events. For the past 20 years, physiological measurements obtained during invasive procedures have been used to guide coronary revascularization. Pioneering work supported the use of flow measurements to make safe decisions about revascularization, 1 , 2 but this approach was soon superseded by the use of fractional flow reserve (FFR), which measures pressure as a surrogate of flow to estimate the severity of stenosis. 3 – 5 FFR was successful largely because of its technical simplicity and because clinical trials showed that it was associated with improved clinical outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). 6 , 7 Consequently, FFR is now included in the appropriate-use criteria for . . .

Background Maximal hyperemia is the critical prerequisite for fractional flow reserve (FFR) assessment. Despite intravenous (IV) adenosine currently being the recommended approach, intracoronary (IC) administration of adenosine constitutes a valuable alternative in everyday practice. However, it is surprisingly unclear which IC strategy allows the achievement of FFR values that are comparable to IV adenosine. Objectives This study sought to compare increasing doses of IC adenosine versus IV adenosine for FFR. Methods 30 intermediate coronary stenoses undergoing FFR measurement were prospectively and consecutively enrolled. Hyperemia was sequentially induced by bolus of IC adenosine (ADN; 150 μg) followed by IV adenosine (IVADN) infusion over 3 minutes at dose of (140 μg/kg/min). FFR values, symptoms, and development of atrioventricular block were recorded. Results 150 μg doses of IC adenosine were well tolerated and associated with fewer symptoms than IV adenosine. Intracoronary adenosine doses induced a significant decrease of FFR compared with baseline levels (P < 0.01). Among the 6 patients with FFR values less than 0.80 identified by IVADN, 4 were correctly identified also by 150 μg bolus IC adenosine. Larger randomized studies with cross-over design are necessary to verify the results. Conclusions This small pilot study suggests that IC adenosine might be an alternative to IV adenosine. Larger randomized studies with a cross-over design are necessary.

Introduction After the first stand-alone World Congress of International Confederation of Plastic Surgery Societies (ICOPLAST) successfully held in Lima, Peru in 2022 the midst of COVID pandemic [1, 2] (Fig. 1), our second World Congress was held in Dubai, UAE from May 5 to May 7, 2023 in collaboration with the Emirates Plastic Surgery Society (EPSS) and the Arab Association of Medical and Surgical Aesthetics (AASMA) (Fig. 2). Besides these two world congresses, ICOPLAST has previously participated in several society meetings with full-day symposia held in Egypt, South Korea, and Belgium on diverse topics such as microsurgery, breast reconstruction, craniofacial surgery, and facial esthetics organized by previous Chair of Education Lucie Lessard in association with host countries. [See PDF for image] Fig. 1 ICOPLAST Board Members along national delegates and local host Guillermo Wiegering during the 1st ICOPLAST World Congress successfully held in Lima, Peru, May 2022 [See PDF for image] Fig. 2 Ahmed Kashaba (Egypt), President of ICOPLAST along to Board Members Eva Baur (Germany), Lucie Lessard (Canada), Marzia Salgarello (Italy), Shiv Chopra (UK), Mikko Larsen (Australia), Julio Kirschbaum (Peru), and Kenneth Segwapa (South Africa) ICOPLAST was formed as a non-profit organization with a mission to improve patient outcomes worldwide; to educate, communicate, advocate, and advance the specialty of plastic surgery globally; to ensure that quality and safety for both patients and surgeons are the essential components of reconstructive and esthetic plastic surgery training and patient care; and to encourage collaboration of national plastic surgery societies worldwide. Topics were wide ranging and included maxillofacial surgery, craniofacial trauma including pertinent war injuries, lymphedema, global plastic surgery, head and neck reconstruction, breast esthetics and reconstruction, lower and upper limb reconstruction, regenerative medicine, facial esthetics, rhinoplasty, body contouring surgery, gender affirmation surgery, along with a plethora of paper presentations (Fig. 3). Furthermore, the event set two Guinness World Records including the largest plastic surgery lesson and the most nationalities in such a session (Fig. 4).