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Ultra-wideband (UWB) technology is extensively used in indoor navigation, medical applications, and Internet of Things devices due to its low power consumption and resilience against multipath fading and losses. This paper examines a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), circularly polarized (CP) dielectric resonator antenna for UWB systems. Compact form factor, high gain, wideband response, improved port isolation, and high data rates are the major design goals. This arrangement consists of two identical DRAs with self-decoupled orthogonal orientations eliminating the need for extra decoupling structures while achieving an impressive maximum isolation of 43 dB. The corner-edge feeding mechanism of the extended feedline generates two orthogonal E-fields, facilitating circular polarization. Additionally, a printed hook-shaped stub integrated with the ground plane enhances CP performance across the two operating bands without altering the DR structure. Fabrication and testing exhibit an impressive 133 % impedance bandwidth (2.5–14 GHz) with high port isolation. For a 3 dB axial ratio reference, the single-element design exhibits axial ratio bandwidths (ARBW) of 1.2 GHz (3.6–4.8 GHz) and 0.8 GHz (9.3–10.1 GHz). Remarkably, the MIMO configuration achieves a single ARBW of 0.5 GHz (3.9–4.4 GHz). Detailed investigations of MIMO performance parameters, including diversity gain, envelope correlation coefficient, channel capacity loss, and total active reflection coefficient, underscore the design’s efficacy, making it a good choice for UWB wireless applications.

Multiband implantable antennas are crucial components of biomedical implantable devices (BIDs), enabling the establishment of wireless communication links with external base stations. These types of antennas perform various functions such as data transmission, wireless power transfer, and control signaling. However, this scenario requires an external multiplexer in the BIDs to separate various frequency bands, imposing size constraints on the BIDs. This work proposes a self-duplexing circularly polarized implantable (SDCPI) antenna for wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) application having two separate ports, with port 1 providing a wideband response covering MICS (402 MHz), ISM (433 MHz) band, and port 2 covering ISM (915 MHz) band. The proposed SDCPI antenna achieved a very compact volume of π × (5.1) 2  × 0.127 = 10.3 mm 3 by semi-circular slots on the radiating patch and shorting pins. The proposed capsule integrated implantable antenna was thoroughly analyzed through simulations in various parts of the digestive tract (stomach, small intestine, and colon) and was later fabricated and tested. The measurements were carried out in minced pork, and the results obtained showed close resemblance to the simulated results. The proposed SDCPI antenna offers a -10 dB impedance bandwidth and CP bandwidth of 151 and 273 MHz, and 10% and 15% at 402 and 915 MHz, respectively. Furthermore, it exhibits measured gain of -36 and − 25 dBi at 402 and 915 MHz, respectively. To evaluate the human safety of the proposed SDCPI antenna, specific absorption rate (SAR) at 402 and 915 MHz was estimated in the stomach, small intestine, and colon, and was found to be within the limits allowed by the IEEE standards. Additionally, the wireless communication link establishment capabilities of the proposed SDCPI antenna were gauged through link margin analysis. This analysis confirmed that at 402 MHz, the presented SDCPI antenna can establish reliable communication up to 25, 9.7, and 4.5 m when placed in the small intestine for bit rates of 1, 12, and 78 Mbps, respectively. Likewise, at 915 MHz, the suggested SDCPI antenna offers seamless communication up to 28, 14.7, and 5.3 m when placed in the small intestine for bit rates of 1, 12, and 78 Mbps, respectively. These results verify that, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, the proposed highly miniaturized SDCPI antenna is the first self-duplexing CP implantable antenna for WCE applications offering simultaneous transmission and reception without requiring an external multiplexer.

Whether you're already in the cloud, or determining whether or not it makes sense for your organization, Cloud Computing and Software Services: Theory and Techniques provides you with the technical understanding needed to develop and maintain state-of-the-art cloud computing and software services. From basic concepts and recent research findings to future directions, it gathers the insight of 50 experts from around the world to present the most up-to-date global perspective on the broad range of technical topics related to cloud computing and Software as a Service (SaaS). Witten in a manner that makes this complex subject easy to understand, this is an ideal one-stop reference for anyone interested in the technical aspects cloud computing.

Meeting the demands of the rapid growth of wireless Internet subscribers and the development of the world location-based services (LBS) market, this volume introduces and comprehensively discusses various location based applications such as buddy finder and proximity and security services. The material is organized in three major sections: applications, technologies, and security. Written by experts from across the globe, the articles in each of the sections range from basic concepts to research grade material and include discussions of future directions. An extensive bibliography is included with each chapter.

In this paper, we have successfully presented a fuzzy Petri net (FPN) model to design the genetic regulatory network. Based on the FPN model, an efficient algorithm is proposed to automatically reason about imprecise and fuzzy information. By using the reasoning algorithm for the FPN, we present an alternative approach that is more promising than the fuzzy logic. The proposed FPN approach offers more flexible reasoning capability because it is able to obtain results with fuzzy intervals rather than point values. In this paper, a novel model with a new concept of hidden fuzzy transition (HFT) to design the genetic regulatory network is developed. We have built the FPN model and classified the input data in terms of time point and obtained the output data, so the system can be viewed as the two-input and one output system. This method eliminates possible false predictions from the classical fuzzy model thereby allowing a wider search space for inferring regulatory relationship. The experimental results show the proposed approach is feasible and acceptable to design the genetic regulatory network and investigate the dynamical behaviors of gene network.