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2 result(s) for "Ajgal, Z."
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Bi-weekly very-high-dose lapatinib: an easy-to-use active option in HER-2-positive breast cancer patients with meningeal carcinomatosis
The erbb2 gene, which encodes the growth factor receptor HER2, is amplied and overexpressed in 1525 % of breast cancers, associated with poorer prognosis before the use of HER2 targeting agents. In patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer, the addition of pertuzumab to trastuzumab and docetaxel signicantly improved the median overall survival to 56.5 months [1]. Prolonged survival combined with high neurotropism of HER2-amplied tumors results in increasing incidence of leptomeningeal metastases. Due to very limited options, this situation represents an emerging issue. The prognosis of breast cancer patients with meningeal carcinomatosis is very poor with a reported median survival of 4.5 months with high-dose intrathecal methotrexate [2]. Of crucial importance, comparison of HER2 statuses in cerebrospinal uid-derived tumor cells from patients with metastatic breast cancer with leptomeningeal carcinomatosis and corresponding archival primary tumors revealed a very concordance rate [3]. Furthermore, because of the high molecular weight of trastuzumab and pertuzumab, unable to cross the bloodbrain barrier, leptomeninges may be a sanctuary for cancer cells to monoclonal antibodies. Consequently, meningeal metastases may result from a pharmacokinetic limitation to treatment delivery rather than from a molecular resistance to HER2 blockade. The pulsatile administration of high doses of tyrosine kinase inhibitors is a potential way to obtain a very high plasma maximal concentration, resulting in active concentrations in the leptomeninges [4]. Lapatinib, a reversible dual tyrosine kinase inhibitor of EGFR and HER2, is active in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer. Because it has a small molecular weight and is lipophilic, we hypothesized that very high doses of lapatinib may circumvent the sanctuary effect in case of HER2-positive breast cancer with leptomeningeal metastases.
Congrès Targeted Anticancer Therapies — TAT 2015
Résumé Le congrès Targeted Anticancer Therapies (TAT) s’est déroulé cette année du 2 au 4 mars à Paris. Encore une fois l’immunothérapie y était à l’honneur avec les anticorps anti-PD-1/PD-L1, les anticorps anti-CSF-1R, l’immunothérapie adoptive et le développement de combinaisons d’immunothérapies. Le challenge actuel reste de parvenir à identifier les patients susceptibles d’en retirer le plus grand bénéfice. Parmi les molécules prometteuses présentées par ailleurs, on peut citer les agents ciblant les cyclines dépendantes kinases (CDK) ou les empreintes épigénétiques ainsi que les inhibiteurs de PARP et des systèmes de réparation de l’ADN tels qu’ATR. Enfin, une troisième génération d’inhibiteurs de tyrosines-kinases (ITK) est actuellement en cours d’évaluation afin de contourner les résistances acquises aux premiers ITK ; comme le rociletinib actif sur la mutation de résistance T790M dans les cancers bronchiques. Sur le plan des techniques, le criblage moléculaire affirme son intérêt en routine clinique dans le cadre du développement de la médecine personnalisée avec les résultats de l’essai MOSCATO-01, et de nouveaux critères radiologiques et « radiomics » d’évaluation de la réponse tumorale sont en cours de validation pour s’adapter notamment à l’immunothérapie et aux thérapies ciblées.