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Objectives Systemic inflammation is a potentially debilitating complication of thoracic surgeries with significant physical and economic morbidity. There is compelling evidence for the role of the central nervous system in regulating inflammatory processes through humoral mechanisms. Activation of the afferent vagus nerve by cytokines triggers anti-inflammatory responses. Peripheral electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve in vivo during lethal endotoxemia in rats inhibited tumor necrosis factor synthesis and prevented shock development. However, the vagal regulatory role of systemic inflammation after lung lobectomy is unknown. Methods One hundred patients who underwent lobectomy via thoracotomy were recruited and equally randomized to treated group or controls. Intermittent stimulation of the auricular branch of vagus nerve in the triangular fossa was applied in the treated group using neurostimulator V (Ducest ® , Germany), starting 24 h preoperatively and continued till the 4th postoperative day (POD). Inflammatory interleukins (IL) were analyzed using ELISA preoperatively, on the 1st and 4th POD. Results On the 1st POD, patients who underwent neurostimulation had reduced serum concentrations of CRP ( p  = 0.01), IL6 ( p  = 0.02) but elevated IL10 ( p  = 0.03) versus controls. On the 4th POD, serum concentrations of CRP, IL6 and IL10 were similar in both groups. Moreover, the treated group was associated with lower incidence of pneumonia ( p  = 0.04) and shorter hospitalization time ( p  = 0.04) versus controls. Conclusions Modulations in the brain stem caused by noninvasive transcutaneous stimulation of the vagus nerve after lung lobectomy attenuate the acute postsurgical inflammatory response by the regulation of IL6 and IL10, resulting in  reduced incidence of postoperative pneumonia and short hospitalization time. Clinical Trial Registry Number NCT03204968.

In this study, the performance of a stenter (ram machine) that enables the drying of textile products with hot air is theoretically modelled with a diffusion model derived from Fick?s second law. The experimental study was conducted in a 10 chamber stenter with three different drying temperatures (110-130-150?C) and three different fabric speeds (10-20-30 m per minute.) by using a fabric consisting of 95% cotton + 5% lycra. The drying behaviour of the dryer was determined by utilizing the data obtained from the studies. With the help of the utilized model, the values of diffusion coefficients and activation energies were obtained, the conformity of data between the model and the experimental studies were compared by using regres nema

The present study aims to determine and model CO2 emissions based on the energy savings through the thermal insulation applied to the external walls of the buildings for eighty-one different zones using four diverse thermal insulation materials. Depending on the by life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) and the number of degree-days, optimum insulation thicknesses were determined in the present study, in which the heating and cooling needs of the buildings were considered separately. The net savings associated with insulated buildings were also calculated, including the optimum insulation thickness and the payback period for the insulation applied. In buildings with thermal insulation, it has been determined that CO2 emissions will be reduced by approximately 66–76% during the heating season and by 46–69% during the cooling season. Moreover, the amount of CO2 emissions released into the atmosphere from uninsulated and insulated buildings was modeled with ten polynomial-type functions derived from the MATLAB R2019a program. The model results controlled by regression analyses revealed statistical suitability. These models demonstrate a more advantageous approach than prior studies for determining the annual total CO2 emissions per unit area of the exterior walls of buildings. This study is intended to assist housing authorities and designers in making informed decisions about energy savings in buildings.Graphic abstract

In this study, the reduction of CO 2 emissions caused by energy savings due to thermal insulation materials applied to the exterior of buildings was investigated. The study includes the evaluation of four different insulation materials including XPS, EPS, PUR and Rock Wool in terms of the reduction potential of CO 2 emissions for all city centers in Turkey. Moreover, the optimum insulation thicknesses of the buildings that have both heating and cooling needs were determined for these insulation materials by means of Life Cycle Cost Analysis. The annual energy needs per unit area of the external walls of the buildings, which are insulated according to their optimum insulation thickness were determined and correspondingly the amount of fuel needed to meet this energy was calculated. In the study, CO 2 emission values released from buildings to atmosphere were compared in terms of fuel amounts obtained from total energy demands during heating supplied from natural gas and cooling supplied from electricity of the residential buildings insulated with diverse insulation materials. Consequently, when CO 2 reduction potentials of the buildings insulated with materials in the optimum insulation thickness are compared with those of the uninsulated buildings, insulation material providing highest potential in CO 2 emission mitigation was to be found as Rock wool.

In this study, the reduction of CO2 emissions caused by energy savings due to thermal insulation materials applied to the exterior of buildings was investigated. The study includes the evaluation of four different insulation materials including XPS, EPS, PUR and Rock Wool in terms of the reduction potential of CO2 emissions for all city centers in Turkey. Moreover, the optimum insulation thicknesses of the buildings that have both heating and cooling needs were determined for these insulation materials by means of Life Cycle Cost Analysis. The annual energy needs per unit area of the external walls of the buildings, which are insulated according to their optimum insulation thickness were determined and correspondingly the amount of fuel needed to meet this energy was calculated. In the study, CO2 emission values released from buildings to atmosphere were compared in terms of fuel amounts obtained from total energy demands during heating supplied from natural gas and cooling supplied from electricity of the residential buildings insulated with diverse insulation materials. Consequently, when CO2 reduction potentials of the buildings insulated with materials in the optimum insulation thickness are compared with those of the uninsulated buildings, insulation material providing highest potential in CO2 emission mitigation was to be found as Rock wool.

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare pleural cancer associated with asbestos exposure. According to current evidence, the combination of chemotherapy, surgery and radiotherapy improves patients’ survival. However, the optimal sequence and weighting of the respective treatment modalities is unclear. In anticipation of the upcoming results of the MARS-2 trial, we sought to determine the relative impact of the respective treatment modalities on complications and overall survival in our own consecutive institutional series of 112 patients. Fifty-seven patients (51%) underwent multimodality therapy with curative intent, while 55 patients (49%) were treated with palliative intent. The median overall survival (OS) of the entire cohort was 16.9 months (95% CI: 13.4–20.4) after diagnosis; 5-year survival was 29% for patients who underwent lung-preserving surgery. In univariate analysis, surgical treatment (p < 0.001), multimodality therapy (p < 0.001), epithelioid subtype (p < 0.001), early tumor stage (p = 0.02) and the absence of arterial hypertension (p = 0.034) were found to be prognostic factors for OS. In multivariate analysis, epithelioid subtype was associated with a survival benefit, whereas the occurrence of complications was associated with worse OS. Multimodality therapy including surgery significantly prolonged the OS of MPM patients compared with multimodal therapy without surgery.

The Next Generation Network (NGN) vision is tending towards the convergence of internet and mobile services providing the impetus for new market opportunities in combining the appealing services of internet with the roaming capability of mobile networks. However, this convergence does not go far enough, and with the emergence of new coexistence scenarios, there is a clear need to evolve the current architecture to provide cost-effective end-to-end communication. The LOOP project, a EUREKA-CELTIC driven initiative, is one piece in the jigsaw by helping European industry to sustain a leading role in telecommunications and manufacturing of high-value products and machinery by delivering pioneering converged wireless networking solutions that can be successfully demonstrated. This paper provides an overview of the LOOP project and the key achievements that have been tunneled into first prototypes for showcasing next generation services for operators and process manufacturers.

The Next Generation Network (NGN) vision is tending towards the convergence of internet and mobile services providing the impetus for new market opportunities in combining the appealing services of internet with the roaming capability of mobile networks. However, this convergence does not go far enough, and with the emergence of new coexistence scenarios, there is a clear need to evolve the current architecture to provide cost-effective end-to-end communication. The LOOP project, a EUREKACELTIC driven initiative, is one piece in the jigsaw by helping European industry to sustain a leading role in telecommunications and manufacturing of high-value products and machinery by delivering pioneering converged wireless networking solutions that can be successfully demonstrated. This paper provides an overview of the LOOP project and the key achievements that have been tunneled into first prototypes for showcasing next generation services for operators and process manufacturers.

The Next Generation Network (NGN) vision is tending towards the convergence of internet and mobile services providing the impetus for new market opportunities in combining the appealing services of internet with the roaming capability of mobile networks. However, this convergence does not go far enough, and with the emergence of new coexistence scenarios, there is a clear need to evolve the current architecture to provide cost-effective end-to-end communication. The LOOP project, a EUREKA-CELTIC driven initiative, is one piece in the jigsaw by helping European industry to sustain a leading role in telecommunications and manufacturing of high-value products and machinery by delivering pioneering converged wireless networking solutions that can be successfully demonstrated. This paper provides an overview of the LOOP project and the key achievements that have been tunneled into first prototypes for showcasing next generation services for operators and process manufacturers.

Background: There is currently no study comparing psychiatric symptoms in Parkinson's patients with tremor-dominant (TD) and non-tremor-dominant (NTD) phenotypes. Our research hypothesis suggests that patients with the TD phenotype would have higher levels of anxiety compared to those with the NTD phenotype. Objective: To test this hypothesis and fill the gap in the literature. Methods: The study included 128 patients, 77 in the TD group and 51 in the NTD group. After their neurological evaluation, the same psychiatrist interviewed them, and the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) and sociodemographic data form were administered. Results: The TD group had statistically significantly higher scores on the BSI total and anxiety scores (P < 0.001 for both analyses). Linear regression analysis revealed that being in the TD group was an independent risk factor for BSI total and anxiety scores (P < 0.001 for both analyses). Conclusions: The results of our study are noteworthy as they show higher psychiatric symptoms in the TD group, despite previous studies reporting worse prognosis in Parkinson's patients with NTD phenotypes. In addition, the presentation of psychiatric symptoms in Parkinson's disease appears to be linked to how the disease manifests clinically.