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Background and Aims Acne is a frequently diagnosed skin condition that causes pilosebaceous apparatus clogs and/or inflammatory responses in the majority of teenagers. It is a multifactorial disease that can develop due to various factors. We aimed to evaluate lipid profiles and hormonal levels in patients with acne and correlate them to acne severity. We also aim to explore the alteration of lipid profiles and hormonal levels and their effect on the occurrence of acne. Methods A case‐control study was performed on 100 individuals with acne vulgaris and 100 healthy controls. The biochemical analysis included; lipid profiles such as triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C), and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C), and hormonal levels such as estradiol (E), total testosterone (TT), and free testosterone (FT) were measured for both patients and controls. Results Comparison between patients with acne and controls disclosed that; TC, TG, LDL‐C, and HDL‐C levels were significantly higher in patients, especially when compared to controls (p ≤ 0.05); also, the same results were found in hormonal levels results (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion These altered lipid profiles and androgen levels should be considered in the pathophysiology of acne and taken into consideration when treating patients with acne.

Key Clinical Message Teledermatology is a branch of dermatology that transmits medical data over several miles using telecommunications technologies. It involves the diagnosis of skin lesions using digital photographs and related patient data, and it can be especially helpful for patients in remote areas who might not have convenient access to dermatologists. Cutaneous larva migrans (CLM) is a zoonotic parasitic disease found in tropical and subtropical areas that are sunny and hot; however, cases of allocated resources have been disclosed in Saudi Arabia. There is little information about the frequency of CLM as a work‐related illness among employees who are exposed to potentially polluted soil or have close contact with pets. In this paper, we present an ancestral case of CLM in Saudi Arabia, explaining the hazards of CLM infection. CLM may pose a challenge for physicians in non‐endemic areas regarding assessment, therapeutic interventions, and protection, especially at work. The holistic strategy to CLM assessment, which includes the participation of numerous science competencies (e.g., veterinarians, dermatologists, and occupational physicians), may contribute to a better understanding of the expansion of human CLM and related risk factors, lowering the chance of infection.

Background The incidence of alopecia areata (AA) has increased over the last few decades. Trichoscopy is a noninvasive procedure performed in dermatology clinics and is a helpful tool in determining the correct diagnosis of hair loss presentations. Objective Through mapping the researches that have been done to represent the spectrum of trichoscopic findings in AA and to identify the most characteristic patterns. Methods Thirty‐nine studies were eligible for the quantitative analysis. Meta‐analysis and subgroup analysis were performed. Results Thirty‐nine studies (29 cross‐sectional, five retrospective, two descriptive, one case series, one observational, and one cohort) with a total of 3204 patients were included. About 66.7% of the studies were from Asia, 25.6% from Europe, and 7.7% from Africa. The most characteristic trichoscopic findings of AA were as follows; yellow dots, black dots, broken hairs, short vellus hairs, and tapering hairs. Conclusion There is no single pathognomonic diagnostic trichoscopic finding in AA rather than a constellation of characteristic findings. The five most characteristic trichoscopic findings in AA are: yellow dots, black dots, broken hairs, short vellus hairs, and tapering hairs. Yellow dots and short vellus hairs considered the most sensitive clues for AA, while black dots and tapering hairs are the most specific ones. Furthermore, trichoscopy is a useful tool that allows monitoring of response during the treatment of AA. Treatment responded cases will show an increase in short vellus hairs, but loss of tapering hairs, broken hairs, and black dots, while yellow dots are the least responsive to the treatment.

Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNA molecules that regulate gene expression in diverse biological processes. They hold promise as therapeutic candidates for targeting human disease pathways, although our understanding of their gene regulatory mechanism remains incomplete. Alopecia areata (AA) is a prevalent inflammatory ailment distinguished by the infiltration of T cells targeting the anagen‐stage hair follicles. The scarcity of effective remedies for AA may stem from limited understanding regarding its precise cellular mechanism. Aim To investigate and examine the importance and role of the miR‐200c‐3p as a genetic indicator for AA, and its possible impact on disease progression. Subjects and methods Case‐control study included 65 patients with AA and 65 matched healthy controls. A real‐time PCR technique was used to measure the expression of miR‐200c‐3p for both groups. Bioinformatic tools were used for prediction with genes and gene‐gene interaction, and protein‐protein interaction. Results The expression levels of miR‐200c‐3p were significantly higher in AA patients than in healthy controls. We predicted that miR‐200c‐3p plays a markable role in the development of AA by its effect on the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance pathway. Conclusion We were able to identify the influence of miR‐200c‐3p on both PLCG1 and RPS6KP1 genes which in turn regulate the EGFR tyrosine kinases resistance pathway that displayed the most substantial increase in activity. Our outcomes shed light on the era of the potential theranostic role of this innovative miRNA in AA.

Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNA molecules that play a regulatory role in various biological processes by acting as intracellular mediators. They hold great potential as therapeutic agents for targeting human disease pathways; however, there is still much to be uncovered about their mechanism of gene regulation. Alopecia areata (AA) is a commonly occurring inflammatory condition characterized by the infiltration of T cells that specifically target the anagen‐stage hair follicle. The limited understanding of its precise cellular mechanism may be the reason behind the scarcity of effective treatments for AA. Aim The significance and function of hsa‐miR‐193a‐5p as a genetic marker for AA and its potential influence on the advancement of the disease. Subjects and methods A case‐control study comprised 77 individuals diagnosed with AA who were matched with 75 healthy controls. In order to measure the expression of miR‐200c‐3p in both groups, the real‐time PCR technique was utilized. The prediction of suitable genes for hsa‐miR‐193a‐5p, as well as the identification of pathways and gene‐gene interactions, were carried out using bioinformatic tools. Results The levels of hsa‐miR‐193a‐5p expression were notably elevated in AA patients in comparison to healthy controls. Our prediction suggests that the involvement of hsa‐miR‐193a‐5p in the development of AA is significant due to its influence on the inositol phosphorylation pathway and the Phosphatidylinositol signaling system, achieved through its direct impact on the IPPK gene. Conclusion For the first time, our study demonstrates the significant over‐expression of a new miRNA, hsa‐miR‐193a‐5p, in the blood of AA patients compared to controls, and highlights its impact on the IPPK gene and the inositol phosphorylation and Phosphatidylinositol signaling pathways, suggesting a potential therapeutic role for hsa‐miR‐193a‐5p in AA.

Background The chin is an essential element of the facial unit and influences how people perceive facial aesthetic appeal. Hyaluronic acid (HA) gel injections are tried‐and‐true therapies for regenerative therapies with a record of success in efficacy and safety. Aims To determine the best type of concentration of HA and way of injection for deep and superficial planes of chin. Materials and Methods VYC‐20L and VYC‐25L (Juvederm Voluma XC® Juvéderm Volux®; Allergan plc) are 20‐ and 25‐mg/mL HA gels with lidocaine, respectively, were injected with cannulas and needles on the bone, respectively. Results Chin reinforced respecting the measures with good contouring. No serious complications. Patient was satisfied with results. Discussion We advise using VYC 20L superficially above the muscle or with a cannula for injection, and we recommend using VYC 25L in the supraperiosteal plane.

Background Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli ( E.coli ) is a growing public health concern, largely driven by the overexpression of efflux pumps such as AcrAB-tolC . These efflux systems contribute to resistance against multiple antibiotic classes, including fluoroquinolones, β-lactams, and aminoglycosides. Despite the well-documented role of efflux pumps in resistance, inconsistencies in reported expression levels and regulatory mechanisms complicate the development of targeted therapies. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to consolidate available evidence on acrAB-tolC expression patterns and evaluate the impact of efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs) on antibiotic susceptibility. Methods A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and EBSCO to identify relevant studies examining acrAB expression in E.coli under antibiotic exposure conditions. Inclusion criteria encompassed experimental studies utilizing qPCR, RNA-seq, or microarray techniques to quantify acrAB expression, as well as research assessing the efficacy of EPIs in restoring antibiotic susceptibility. Data synthesis was performed using a random-effects meta-analysis model, and heterogeneity was assessed using the I² statistic. Results A total of 10 studies were included in the final meta-analysis. Pooled analysis demonstrated a significant increase in acrAB expression (SMD: 3.5, 95% CI: 2.1–4.9) in MDR E.coli isolates compared to susceptible strains. Efflux inhibition resulted in a ≥ 4-fold reduction in minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for fluoroquinolones and β-lactams across multiple studies. Risk ratio analysis showed that EPIs significantly restored antibiotic susceptibility (RR: 4.2, 95% CI: 3.0–5.8). However, substantial heterogeneity was noted among studies due to methodological variations. Conclusion These findings confirm that acrAB-tolC overexpression is a major contributor to antibiotic resistance in E.coli and that efflux inhibition is a viable strategy for restoring antibiotic susceptibility. However, clinical translation remains a challenge due to toxicity concerns and pharmacokinetic limitations of current EPIs. Future research should focus on developing safer efflux inhibitors, optimizing combination therapies, and standardizing efflux pump expression assays to facilitate their integration into antimicrobial treatment strategies.

Background Macrophage scavenger receptor 1 gene (MSR1), is responsible for producing macrophage scavenger receptors. MSR1 is primarily located on the surfaces of various macrophage types and is known to exert a range of effects on the human body. These effects include influencing innate and adaptive immunological reactions, as well as contributing to the development of conditions such as atherosclerosis, dyslipidemia, liver and lung disease, and cancer. The unregulated assimilation of lipoproteins by MSR1 leads to the creation of macrophages rich in cholesterol that manifest as foam‐like cells, ultimately contributing to dyslipidemia. This occurrence highlights the significance of MSR1 as a key player in the pathophysiology of dyslipidemia. Aim In this study, we aimed to estimate variation in lipid profile in acne vulgaris (AV) patients. Also, we aimed to investigate the role of MSR1 in lipid profile variation. Subjects and methods A case‐control study consisting of 100 patients with AV and 104 healthy controls. Lipid profiles were assessed using normalized enzymatic processes and genotype analyses were performed by a polymerase chain reaction and standard Sanger sequencing. Predictions of variant effects were performed using in silico tools. Result Our results indicated that the levels of lipid profile were higher in patients with AV than in healthy patients. The two haplotypes that were most prevalent in the patients were TCAC (16.5%) and CAGG (15.47%), whereas the two haplotypes that were more prevalent in the controls were TAAC (16.43%) and CCAC (15.62%). IVS5.59 C > A and rs433235 A > G are in linkage disequilibrium. Additionally, rs433235 A > G has a significant linkage disequilibrium with rs3747531 C > G. In silico analysis, tools indicated that the rs433235 A > G variant was disease‐causing. Conclusion Patients diagnosed with TCAC and CAGG exhibited a higher prevalence compared to healthy patients with TAAC and CCAC. The linkage disequilibrium between rs433235 A > G and IVS5.59 C > A has been established. Furthermore, there appears to be significant linkage disequilibrium between rs3747531 C > G and rs433235 A > G. These findings support the notion that genetic variations may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of these conditions.

Background Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming healthcare by enhancing diagnostics, treatment personalization, and operational efficiency. In aesthetic medicine—a field blending medical expertise with artistic judgment—AI is increasingly being used to improve precision, optimize treatment outcomes, and personalize patient care. However, its integration presents both opportunities and ethical challenges, necessitating a critical evaluation of its role in this evolving field. Objective This study examines AI's applications in aesthetic medicine, focusing on its role in facial analysis, robotic‐assisted procedures, predictive patient outcome modeling, and personalized treatment planning. Additionally, it explores ethical concerns, algorithmic biases, data privacy issues, and regulatory challenges affecting AI adoption in aesthetic practices. Methods A comprehensive review of AI‐driven technologies in aesthetic medicine was conducted, analyzing literature on machine learning (ML), deep learning, and computer vision applications. Case studies on AI‐assisted facial symmetry analysis, robotic hair transplantation, and predictive analytics in patient care were examined to evaluate AI's effectiveness and limitations. Results AI enhances aesthetic procedures by improving diagnostic accuracy, offering virtual simulations of treatment outcomes, and enabling hyper‐personalized treatment plans based on patient data. AI‐driven chatbots and virtual assistants streamline patient interactions, while robotic systems assist in precision‐based tasks such as laser treatments and hair restoration. However, challenges such as biased training data, lack of transparency in AI decision‐making, and inconsistencies in regulatory approvals hinder widespread adoption. The integration of AI in aesthetic medicine presents a paradigm shift from traditional approaches to data‐driven, personalized interventions. However, ethical concerns such as data privacy, informed consent, and algorithmic fairness must be addressed. Overreliance on AI may diminish the human‐centric approach essential in aesthetic procedures, where patient expectations and subjective perceptions of beauty play a crucial role. Collaboration between technologists, clinicians, and policymakers is necessary to develop standardized AI guidelines that ensure fairness, safety, and efficacy. Conclusion AI has the potential to revolutionize aesthetic medicine by improving precision, efficiency, and patient satisfaction. However, its successful implementation requires balancing technological advancements with ethical considerations and regulatory frameworks. Future research should focus on integrating AI with emerging technologies such as augmented reality (AR) and genomic‐based personalization to enhance aesthetic outcomes while maintaining transparency and patient trust.

Background Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune condition characterized by sudden and unpredictable hair loss, with a lifetime incidence of 2%. AA can be divided into three categories: patchy alopecia, alopecia totalis, and alopecia universalis. It can affect a person's psychological health and overall quality of life. Elevated C‐reactive protein (CRP) levels in the liver may indicate an inflammatory response in autoimmune diseases. Vitamin D, essential for immune system control and skin health, may be related to AA. Hair follicles contain vitamin D receptors, which control immunological responses in the skin. However, no study has found a relationship between CRP and vitamin D in AA patients in our region. Subjects and Methods An analytical cross‐sectional study with a case‐control design research investigation of 82 AA patients and 81 healthy controls was carried out. Both groups’ medical histories were taken. Biochemical analysis was done for both groups as well as the serum vitamin D levels, and CRP. Genetic analysis for CDX2 rs11568820 variant detected by PCR (T‐ARMS‐PCR) method and vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene expression measured by real‐time PCR analysis for both patients and healthy subjects. Results CRP levels are higher in AA patients, AA patients with G/G genotypes exhibited higher concentrations of CRP when compared to those with A/A and A/G genotypes while patients with A/A genotypes have higher levels of Serum vitamin D as compared to the A/G and G/G genotypes. G allele was more abundant in AA patients. VDR gene expression was lower in AA compared to control and lower in ophiasis compared to localized and multiple patchy AA. An important inverse linear correlation was observed between vitamin D and CRP levels in ophiasis AA. Conclusion CRP concentrations were found to be elevated in AA patients. The considerable accuracy of CRP in the diagnosis of AA is substantiated by a statistically significant al. A noteworthy inverse linear association was observed between serum vitamin D and CRP concentrations in ophiasis AA.