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Apology has been an important topic in personal relationship studies over the past three decades. This study is based on Sugimoto’s empirically derived characterization of apology strategies and explores how Saudis of both genders and of different ages use apology strategies to demonstrate their politeness. The study’s three main objectives were to identify the most commonly employed apology strategies and to determine the significance of gender and of age on how people used apology strategies. Data collection relied on the Multiple Discourse Completion Task Questionnaire, which contains questions about different real-life scenarios and multiple answers that measure the use of apology strategies. It was distributed to 102 female and 93 male participants of different ages (between 18 and 50). The study established that the most used apology strategies are self-blame and then compensation, while the least used are blaming the victim and asking the victim not to be angry. The rest of the apology strategies occur at different frequencies. The study also found that women use apology strategies significantly more than men do. Women tend to use thanking, lack of intent, asking for forgiveness, and asking the victim not to be angry, whereas men use compensation, avoiding the victim, blaming the victim, promising not to repeat, and offending the victim more than women do. In addition, the study found significant differences in which apology strategies people of different ages used.

The current study adopts a quantitative approach to investigate the usage of the four negators in the Abha dialect, namely mā, lis, lim, and lā. The Abha dialect, which is spoken in Abha city in southwest Saudi Arabia, seems to be making less frequent use of some of these negative particles, which is resulting in being simplified in the dialect. Previous studies have shown that young educated speakers drive this simplification process. This study shows that in case of negators, there is a kind of 'levelling' taking place among middle-aged speakers and that a major shift in usage is being led by younger speakers. Our results show that the negator mā substitutes the other negators lis, lim and lā in some cases. This substitution is occurring in both verbal and non-verbal predications. Changes seem to occur among ʕasīri speakers more than among Qaћṯāni speakers. One possible explanation is that this change is indicative of a shift towards a variety of Abha dialect that is used by the Qaћṯāni and that is regarded as more prestigious, but this does not seem to be the case as these negative particles are also becoming less used by Qaћṯāni speakers. Overall, the results show that both groups are levelling their own dialects towards a common variety.

Affrication is a phonological process that is commonly found in many Arabic dialects, especially in Gulf dialects, including most Saudi dialects. This study investigated how female Qasimi speakers vary in using the affricate [ts] as a realization of/k/, the second-person singular feminine suffix, in their formal and informal styles. There are two different assumptions mentioned in previous studies about the use of this suffix in this dialect, but separately in different styles of speech. Thus, this study collected data in both formal and informal styles by the same speakers. The participants in the current study were 20 women from Al-Qasim. The data were collected through observations, taking notes, and WhatsApp voice notes, and analyzed quantitively using Microsoft Excel (2022). The results showed that female Qasimi speakers used [ts] and [k] differently when speaking formally and informally. The local variant [ts] was used 64.03% of the time when the participants spoke informally, while it was used 35.97% of the time when they spoke formally. At least two exceptions were found: some participants maintained the local variant [ts] in both their formal and informal speech, and some speakers used the supralocal variant [k] 100% of the time.

Studies proved the existence of a pidgin used by non-Arabic speakers among themselves and when contacting Arabic speakers. However, examining the use of this pidgin by Arabic speakers is still not well covered. Thus, this paper is an attempt to examine the linguistic features employed by Arabic speakers using the pidgin while dealing with non-Arabic speakers. The data includes 78 WhatsApp voice notes created by 20 male and female Arabic speakers communicating with non-Arabic speakers living in Dammam, Saudi Arabia. The findings show that some lexifier language features are being maintained while others are pidginized. Lexifier language sounds as the pharyngeal, uvular, emphatic, and interdental sounds are maintained, while structure constituents order, affixation, number words agreement are pidginized. More studies are needed to be conducted in this field.

This research aims to examine the sounds in the Mehri language in Al- Wasaa' in the eastern region of Saudi Arabia that has no counterparts in Arabic sounds. The study primarily depends on a descriptive and analytical approach which lies upon describing the distinctive sounds. By interviewing six females (aged 17 to 60). In order to know different aspects of their live, eight males (aged 14 to 60) were interviewed, some of them were educated and others are not, who are living in Al- Wasaa'. The findings of the research revealed five sounds that have no counterparts in the Arabic language which are ṣ, ṣ́, ḳ, ź, ś consonants in Mehri language.

This study investigates some morphological and phonological features of verbs in the Abha dialect, which is spoken in the southwest of Saudi Arabia. It clarifies the changes in verb vowels in the process of inflection in the perfect, imperfect and imperative aspects. It studies the patterns of the verbs from Forms 1 to X, with the exception of IX, provides semantic analysis where necessary and examines the passive verb in this dialect. This is a descriptive study that deals with everyday usage of the dialect.

The present study deals with the syntax of the Arabic dialect of Abha in south-west of Saudi Arabia It is a synchronic study which deals with the everyday usage of the dialect. Diachronic changes are sometimes indicated where relevant. The phonology and morphology of the dialect are discussed in brief where necessary. This dialect has many distinctive features some of which do not occur in other dialects. The dialect is going through remarkable change due to people's tendency to change affected by the spread of education, mass media and communication. Thus the study has been conducted to examine some syntactic features of the dialect and record them before the dialect loses those features, and to make this dialect accessible for further research in sociolinguistic or diachronic studies. This study comes in two parts. The first part deals with the classification of the main parts of speech and their function in context. This part comprises four chapters: the first chapter deals with the noun and its sub-classes; the second chapter deals with the verb and its relation with the pronouns; the third chapter deals with particles and their functions in the sentence; the fourth chapter deals with functionals and their functions in the sentence. The second part examines the relationships between parts of speech. This part also comprises four chapters which deal respectively with: predication, annexation, complementation and attnbution.