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This research explores the phenomenon of falsification and counterfeiting through digital photography, highlighting how modern technologies have become a double-edged tool: providing powerful means of documentation while also enabling illicit practices that threaten credibility and information security. The author explains that advancements in photo-editing software and smartphones have made it easier to manipulate digital images, allowing alterations of personal features or modifications of official documents in ways that are difficult to detect by the naked eye. The study reviews various forms of digital falsification, including tampering with personal photos, forging official documents, and using altered images in media deception or fraud. It also examines the legal implications of this phenomenon, noting that traditional legislation often lags behind technological developments. While some countries have begun enacting cybercrime laws, the legal framework still requires continuous updating. Furthermore, the research discusses modern techniques for detecting falsified images, such as digital forensic analysis, pixel and shadow examination, and metadata tracking. Findings emphasize that public awareness, combined with the development of technological and legal tools, forms the primary defense against digital falsification. The study concludes that although digital photography offers significant benefits, it poses risks when misused for counterfeiting, and addressing this issue requires collaboration among technology experts, legal institutions, and educational bodies to promote a culture of safe and responsible use of technology. Abstract Written by Dar AlMandumh, 2025, Using AI

This research examines the effects of electromagnetic waves on the human eye, highlighting potential health risks arising from prolonged exposure to these waves, whether from electronic devices or industrial environments. The author emphasizes that the eye is one of the most sensitive organs to electromagnetic influences due to its delicate biological structure and its reliance on neural and visual balance. The study reviews the nature and types of electromagnetic waves, focusing on high-frequency radiation such as ultraviolet rays, infrared rays, and microwaves. It notes that excessive exposure to these waves can cause damage ranging from temporary eye strain, corneal irritation, and dryness to more severe conditions such as cataracts or retinal damage. The research discusses findings from previous scientific studies that established links between chronic exposure to electromagnetic waves and declining visual capacity. A descriptive-analytical approach was used, based on a review of contemporary scientific and medical literature. The study also outlines preventive measures, including the use of protective screens, regular rest breaks during electronic device use, and adherence to occupational safety standards in workplaces. The research concludes that electromagnetic waves pose a significant health risk to the human eye and stresses the importance of public awareness, along with further research aimed at developing technological and medical solutions to mitigate their harmful effects. Abstract Written by Dar AlMandumh, 2025, Using AI