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This study aims to find out the commissive illocutionary acts which are implied by the characters in the novel She Wore Red Trainers (2014) by Na'ima Robert. It aims to identify the types of commissive illocutionary acts found in the selected novel. This study uses a descriptive- qualitative method to examine the collected data. The data are utterances collected from the text of the selected novel. These utterances are classified on the basis of on the speech act theories of Austin (1962) and Searle (1969), into three types of commissive illocutionary acts: offering, promising and refusing acts. The results of this study revealed that there are 10 utterances in She Wore Red Trainers novel: 5 offering utterances, 4 promising utterances and 1 refusing utterance. Since this study observes the commissive illocutionary acts in the novel to reveal their implied meanings, it is recommended that similar studies be conducted to examine commissive illocutionary acts in other fictions

Arabic prefixes are one of the most neglected areas in the modern linguistic literature of Arabic. This paper aims to investigate the nature of prefixes in Arabic, and propose a classification for their types and subtypes. This is achieved by defining the potential grammatical and/or semantic functions of prefixes in Arabic through examining their common occurrences in different Arabic contexts. On the basis of their potential functions, types and subtypes of Arabic prefixes are outlined and discussed. It was found that prefixes in Arabic, as in many other languages, are a basic linguistic feature that influences grammar and meaning. Arabic prefixes, as proposed by this study, can be classified into three basic types; particle prefixes, inflectional prefixes and derivational prefixes. It is true that the second and third types might be present in many other languages, but the first type might not, which might make this study interesting. That is, for particles, including prepositions and conjunctions, to be prefixed to words may not exist in many other languages. Particle prefixes can be, then, considered a distinctive linguistic feature for Arabic language. The study concludes with recommending further researches to be conducted in the area of Arabic affixation in general, and in the semantic variations of particle prefixes in different contexts, in particular.

This study aims at investigating the illocutionary acts (pragmatic meanings) of Qur'ānic interrogations in Surah As- Saffat. In addition, it examines the correspondence level of such illocutionary acts according to Searle (1976) classifications of illocutionary acts. Since most of the Qur'ānic interrogations are not used to indicate their basic meanings, but to indicate pragmatic meanings, interpreting and analyzing such utterances may pose a problem and sometimes brings about misunderstanding, especially when they are rendered from Arabic into another language. The data of the study are 28 interrogations collected from the original Qur'ānic Arabic text of Surah As- Saffat. Qualitative content analysis has been used to examine the data by consulting well- known classical and modern Islamic books of exegesis (Tafsîr) to determine the intended pragmatic meanings of such Qur'ānic utterances. The present study proved that all the Qur'ānic interrogations in Surah As- Saffat go beyond their basic meanings to indicate different pragmatic meanings that are not said directly in the text. Those pragmatic meanings include affirmation, disaffirmation, exclamation, disdain, consulting, advice, offering, rebuke, warning, negation and threatening. Some of these illocutionary acts correspond to three types of illocutionary speech acts proposed by Searle, namely, assertives, directives and commissives. The study findings show that the illocutionary acts of such Qur'ānic interrogations are determined by their situational contexts. The study concluded that the illocutionary acts of these Qur'ānic interrogations are pragmatically rather than syntactically determined. Thus, it is strongly recommended to employ Speech Act Theory in interpreting and analyzing Qur'ānic interrogations, and other Qur'ānic speech acts.