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Wound healing is a biological process that requires a complex regulation to maintaining the function of skin. However, many factors can alter this process, resulting in non-healing wounds. An option for the treatment of this kind of wound is the use of stem cell secretome (S), since it has been shown that it promotes the tissue repair-regeneration processes. For this reason, this work focused on develop a polymeric matrix in hydrogel state, based on jellyfish collagen (CLG), polyurethane and S from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from human amniotic membrane, and its in vitro evaluation in wound closure. Two types of polyurethane matrix were analyzed; the first one was crosslinking with polyurethane derived from hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), and the second one was crosslinking with polyurethane derived from isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), giving rise to two different polymeric matrices, CLG-P(HDI)-S and CLG-P(IPDI)-S containing 0.5 wt.% of S for each matrix. The results suggest that the incorporation to S in the polymeric matrices generates interactions in the hydrogel state matrices, promoting amorphous surfaces, which seems to indicate that the S is encapsulated by physical or electrostatic interactions with polymeric chains. The CLG-P(HDI)-S showed a spherical structure, while the CLG-P(IPDI)-S exhibited a planar structure, which is related to the chemical structure of polyurethane crosslinker, these structural characteristics gave the polymeric matrices, suitable physicochemical, mechanical and biological properties for accelerating the wound healing process in an in vitro scratch assay, and thus could be a promising scaffold for wound management for non-healing wounds. Graphical abstract

The interest in extracting kafirins (KAF), the main storage protein from sorghum grain has recently increased due to its gluten-free content and the significant scientific evidence showing the health benefits of the bioactive peptides from cereal grains in human diets. The objectives were to obtain the highest percentage of KAF extraction using amyloglucosidase as pretreatment to increase the extraction yield and predict the bioactive peptides in the KAF. In this study, pretreatments with amyloglucosidase increased the extraction yield of KAF compared with extraction methods using only ethanol and sodium metabisulfite. Two protein fragment sequences were identified from KAF extract and were evaluated for potential bioactive peptide using the BIOPEP-UWM database, which suggest that KAF proteins from white sorghum may be considered as good precursors of dipeptidyl peptidase-inhibitor, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, antioxidant and hypotensive peptides following chymotrypsin, thermolysin, and subtilisin and their combination. Average scores aligned using PeptideRanker confirmed KAF proteins' potential sources of bioactive peptides with over 5 peptides scored over 0.8. In addition, 31 unexplored peptide sequences that could have biological activity were identified. Our results suggest that KAF can be used in the peptide productions with potential biological activity and beyond.

Breast cancer is a leading cause of mortality in women worldwide, primarily due to challenges in early detection and limited access to timely treatment. While mammography is widely used, it may produce false positives and lead to overdiagnosis. Recent advancements suggest that electronic nose technology, based on the detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), may offer a complementary non-invasive approach to breast cancer screening. This systematic review evaluates current detection methods and explores the feasibility and diagnostic value of the electronic nose, assessing its integration into existing clinical strategies. A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Seventy-six original articles were included, alongside data from eight additional studies. Eligible studies were published in English or Spanish, evaluated VOCs as a breast cancer screening method, and reported identified VOCs. Systematic reviews, duplicates, editorials, and articles without full-text access were excluded. Information sources and search strategy: Searches were conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Wiley Online Library, and Science Direct between September and October 2024. Keywords included: volatile organic compounds, breath biomarkers, volatolomics, breast cancer, breast carcinoma, screening, detection, and electronic nose. A total of 581 articles were retrieved: 64 from PubMed, 44 from Web of Science, 152 from Wiley, and 321 from Science Direct. Zotero was used for reference management and duplicate removal. Two reviewers independently screened titles and abstracts; eligible full texts were reviewed, and discrepancies resolved by consensus. A standardized form was used to collect author, publication year, population, intervention, comparator, main results, and analysis-relevant data. Three reviewers performed the extraction independently.

Cervical cancer (CC) is considered as a major public health problem; this disease affects mainly vulnerable women in poverty, causing a negative effect on a country's workforce. To determine the histopathological diagnosis variation after examining three more levels of cervical biopsy paraffin blocks from patients with HPVI, CIN and CC. A quantitative, retrospective correlational study was performed in a hospital with a second level of health care. We worked with 152 paraffin blocks of CIN (CIN, I, II and III) and cervical cancer samples. Currently, CIN I is considered as a set of low-grade injuries (low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, LSIL), while CIN II, CIN III and cancer in situ are considered as high-grade lesions (high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, HSIL). A slab was prepared with the 50micron block, which was subsequently cut into 5 microns; later, the same thing was done at two more levels to reevaluate the histopathological diagnosis and correlate it with the initial diagnosis issued by the institution. During the examination of the additional block levels, a difference was observed from the initial diagnosis: of 32 cases of HPV diagnosis, there were 17 changes to CIN I; of 31 cases of CIN I, there were 4 changes to CIN II; of 30 cases of CIN II, there were 8 changes to CIN III and 1 change to invasive cancer; of 29 cases of CIN III, there were 9 changes to cancer in situ; and finally, of 14 cases of cancer in situ, there was 1 change to invasive cancer. After the statistical analysis, a value of p <0.05 was obtained, which indicated that the differences were statistically significant. By modifying the histopathological study technique, guidelines can be given to generate a more accurate diagnosis with a more solid base, and thus, a more appropriate and timely treatment can be offered to avoid the development of cervical cancer.

Purpose: Exosomes are extracellular membrane vesicles. Their content directly reflects the metabolic state of the cells from which they originate and play an important role in cellular functions and pathological states, for example, cancer. The aim was to establish the effect of exosomes from patients diagnosed with CIN1 (grade one cervical intraepithelial neoplasia) on the viability of HeLa cells in culture. It had not been documented, nor had the vesicles obtained by cervicovaginal samples taken by the patients themselves (selftaken vaginal). Patients and Methods: Exosomes were obtained from self-taken vaginal by patients diagnosed with CIN1 and healthy. The exosomes were characterized by determining the AChE (acetylcholinesterase) activity, obtaining a protein profile, and obtaining images of these by STEM. The effect on cell viability was made in HeLa and HaCaT cells in culture. Results: Vesicles between 185 nm and 415 nm were observed by STEM. Exosomes show a \"protective\" effect when those patients without injury are confronted with HeLa cells. On the other hand, exosomes promote viability when they come from injured patients in the presence of the same cells. Conclusion: Exosomes can be used to identify ideal biomarkers for the early diagnosis of CC (cervical cancer), follow-up of patients, and even treatment given the effects observed on cell cultures. Keywords: papillomavirus infections, exosomes, uterine cervical dysplasia, patients