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The present study aimed to determine the Genotype × Environment interaction (GEI), yield stability, and agronomic performance of 24 “Pinto” bean lines under semi-arid conditions in Central-West Mexico. All the lines possess a slow-darkening seed coat, a trait that prolongs visual quality and increases market value. The lines, which exhibit an indeterminate prostrate growth habit, were evaluated in three contrasting environments: irrigated, rainfed, and drought-stressed. A combined analysis of variance, Tukey’s test, and the additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI 2) model were applied to assess seed yield and agronomic traits. Average seed yield declined markedly across environments, from 2279 kg ha−1 under irrigation to 593 kg ha−1 under drought stress, with different lines performing best in each environment. AMMI 2 biplot analysis showed that the first two principal components explained 100% of GEI variability for seed yield, dry shoot biomass, total biomass, harvest index, pods per plant, and seeds per pod. Both genetic and environmental effects were significant, with notable GEI patterns. Despite pronounced environmental influence, several lines exhibited stable performance across environments. Line 11 consistently combined high yield and stability, positioning it as a strong candidate for cultivar registration and as a parent in breeding programs targeting semiarid regions. These results underscore the importance of multi-environment evaluation for identifying genotypes with broad or specific adaptation, contributing to genetic improvement and sustainable bean production under variable moisture regimes.

Piquin pepper (Capsicum annuum var. glabriusculum) is an important species that supports the economy of rural households; it is part of Mexican gastronomy and it is a highly valuable phytogenetic resource. There has been recent interest in domesticating and exploiting piquin pepper commercially, which has been limited until now due to the low germination rate, and this work had the purpose of promoting germination and determining the physiological capacity of genotypes. Ten piquin pepper genotypes from different geographical origins in Mexico were submitted to 11 pre-germination treatments. A completely randomized experimental design was carried out with arrangement in split-plot. The large plot had the treatments and the small plot had the genotypes. The results showed differences (p < 0.01) among treatments, genotypes, and treatment–genotype interaction. On one hand, treatments gibberellic acid (GA) and mechanical scarification + gibberellic acid (MSGA) increased the physiological potential of genotypes, reaching the highest values of germination speed (GS), germination index (IG) and germination percentage (GP); as well as the lowest values of dead seeds (DS) and hard Seeds (HS). In turn, the genotypes that presented the same condition were G8, G7, and G10. Regarding the interaction, each variable had a different condition. In conclusion, we can increase the physiological potential and solve the dormancy of piquin pepper seed by applying gibberellic acid. Likewise, the best genotypes were G8 and G10.