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Background and Objectives: Research examining the difference between the effects of deep and superficial dry needling on myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) in the upper trapezius muscle is limited. Thus, this systematic review was conducted to compare the effects of these two dry needling techniques on pain and functional disability in adults with neck pain who demonstrated MTrPs. Materials and Methods: Randomised clinical trials (RCTs) were identified through an electronic search in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, Google Scholar, Dimensions and OpenAlex from inception until 22 September 2024. Only English-language studies were considered. Best-evidence synthesis was utilised to interpret the results of the included RCTs. Results: Of the 192 records obtained, 8 RCTs were included (2 with a low risk of bias, 4 with some risk-of-bias concerns and 2 with a high risk of bias). Overall, both deep and superficial dry needling provided short-term alleviation of pain and functional disability. No clinically meaningful differences were found between the two dry needling techniques. Conclusions: Deep and superficial dry needling seem to have similar positive effects on pain and functional disability in patients with neck pain exhibiting MTrPs.

The aim of this study is to inspect the ameliorative effect of avenanthramides (AVA) on CP nephrotoxicity in Sprague-Dawley rats. Blood samples were collected for the determination of hematological parameters. Creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured in serum. Specimens from both kidneys were taken for histopathological examinations. Administration of AVA resulted in significant decrease in the level of creatinine and TNF-α when compared with CP group. Histopathologically, CP-induced vacuolar degeneration and necrosis of the kidney tubules. Administration of AVA ameliorates the histopathological alterations induced by CP. AVA can be considered as a protective agent for kidneys during administration of CP. The protective effect of AVA may be related to the reduction of TNF-α which implicated in the pathogenesis of CP nephrotoxicity.

Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) leads mental health research in the Arabic world, addressing challenges for Muslim patients seeking treatment at hospitals. This study aims to evaluate the quality of administrative services at public mental health hospitals, as perceived by Muslim recipients in the KSA. This descriptive quantitative study used a self-reported questionnaire to collect data from 200 public mental health service recipients in the KSA from 4 January 2022 to 4 March 2022. More than 95% of participants were optimistic about the entry process procedures. Approximately 88% of the participants accepted the policies for booking an appointment with a doctor. The study’s findings highlight the need to streamline and improve the communication of administrative procedures to provide recipients with optimal clarity and convenience. By addressing the moderately reported issues with policy transparency related to visit cancellations, referrals, and treatment completion, patient satisfaction and compliance could be improved, leading to a more efficient and patient-centred healthcare experience. These findings underscore the importance of streamlining administrative procedures to enhance clarity and convenience for Muslim patients, ultimately contributing to a more patient-centred healthcare experience in mental health hospitals in the KSA.

Allergic diseases such as bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis are common health problems among children. The prevalence of different allergic diseases is increasing in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and risk factors of allergic diseases among school students in Tabuk, Saudi Arabia. This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in Tabuk city, Saudi Arabia, between the first of August and the end of September, 2022. Students from primary, intermediate, and secondary schools were included. A predesigned, structured, self-administered questionnaire in the Arabic language was used to collect data. This study included 384 school students from Tabuk, Saudi Arabia. The age of the recruited students ranged from five to 19 years old. The prevalence of clinically diagnosed bronchial asthma that occurred at any time in the past was 31.8%. The prevalence of asthma symptoms was 51.0% for lifetime wheezing and 45.8% for current wheezing (in the past 12 months). The prevalence rates of clinically diagnosed allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis were 56.8% and 30.2%, respectively. Further, 68.2% of the school students had one or more of the diagnosed allergic diseases. The second or more childbirth orders were significantly associated with an increased risk of allergic diseases (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 3.140, 95% CI: 1.864-5.288). A family history of asthma or atopic conditions showed 3.118 times increased likelihood of allergic conditions (AOR = 3.118, 95% CI: 1.827-5.320). Other significant risk factors were the father's smoking (AOR = 1.698, 95% CI: 1.024-2.817) and having a dog, cat, or bird at home (AOR = 0.493, 95% CI: 0.257-0.946). The prevalence of bronchial asthma and other allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis among school students in Tabuk city, Saudi Arabia, is alarmingly high. Furthermore, both genetic and environmental components of allergic disease pathogenesis have been identified as risk factors.

This paper examines the impact of structured classroom activities on enhancing working memory development in preschoolers, viewing it as a fundamental cognitive capacity linked to academic learning and life skills. The author explains that working memory plays a central role in information processing, problem-solving, and language acquisition, and that deficits in this area can negatively affect school readiness. The study employed an experimental method involving a group of preschool children who engaged in various classroom activities, including educational games, sensory-motor exercises, and storytelling-based tasks. Working memory capacity was assessed before and after the program using standardized tests appropriate for the age group. The findings showed significant improvements among children who participated in the activities compared to a control group, particularly in their ability to retain and manipulate information for longer periods. The study also indicated that interactive classroom activities not only strengthen working memory but also support attention and concentration skills. The author concludes that integrating such activities into early education programs fosters the development of core cognitive abilities in children and recommends that teachers adopt interactive teaching strategies tailored to the needs of this age group. Abstract Written by Dar AlMandumh, 2025, Using AI

A bstract Using data samples of 983.0 fb − 1 and 427.9 fb − 1 accumulated with the Belle and Belle II detectors operating at the KEKB and SuperKEKB asymmetric-energy e + e − colliders, singly Cabibbo-suppressed decays Ξ c + → p K S 0 , Ξ c + → Λ π + , and Ξ c + → Σ 0 π + are observed for the first time. The ratios of branching fractions of Ξ c + → p K S 0 , Ξ c + → Λ π + , and Ξ c + → Σ 0 π + relative to that of Ξ c + → Ξ − π + π + are measured to be B Ξ c + → p K S 0 B Ξ c + → Ξ − π + π + = 2.47 ± 0.16 ± 0.07 % , B Ξ c + → Λ π + B Ξ c + → Ξ − π + π + = 1.56 ± 0.14 ± 0.09 % , B Ξ c + → Σ 0 π + B Ξ c + → Ξ − π + π + = 4.13 ± 0.26 ± 0.22 % . Multiplying these values by the branching fraction of the normalization channel, B Ξ c + → Ξ − π + π + = 2.9 ± 1.3 % , the absolute branching fractions are determined to be B Ξ c + → p K S 0 = 7.16 ± 0.46 ± 0.20 ± 3.21 × 10 − 4 , B Ξ c + → Λ π + = 4.52 ± 0.41 ± 0.26 ± 2.03 × 10 − 4 , B Ξ c + → Σ 0 π + = 1.20 ± 0.08 ± 0.07 ± 0.54 × 10 − 3 . The first and second uncertainties above are statistical and systematic, respectively, while the third ones arise from the uncertainty in B Ξ c + → Ξ − π + π + .

A bstract We present a measurement of the time-dependent CP asymmetry in decays using a data set of 365 fb − 1 recorded by the Belle II experiment and the final data set of 711 fb − 1 recorded by the Belle experiment at the Υ(4S) resonance. The direct and mixing-induced time-dependent CP violation parameters C and S are determined along with two additional quantities, S + and S − , defined in the two halves of the plane. The measured values are C = − 0 . 17 ± 0 . 09 ± 0 . 04, S = − 0 . 29 ± 0 . 11 ± 0 . 05, S + = −0 . 57 ± 0 . 23 ± 0 . 10 and S − = 0 . 31 ± 0 . 24 ± 0 . 05, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic.

We present the results of a search for the charged-lepton-flavor violating decays B ⁰→ K ^(*0) τ ^(±) ℓ ^(∓) , where ℓ ^(∓)is either an electron or a muon. The results are based on 365 fb ⁻¹and 711 fb ⁻¹datasets collected with the Belle II and Belle detectors, respectively. We use an exclusive hadronic B-tagging technique, and search for a signal decay in the system recoiling against a fully reconstructed B meson. We find no evidence for B ⁰→ K ^(*0) τ ^(±) ℓ ^(∓)decays and set upper limits on the branching fractions in the range of (2.9–6.4)×10 ⁻⁵at 90% confidence level. 19 pages, 4 figures

Using data samples of 983.0 fb − 1 and 427.9 fb − 1 accumulated with the Belle and Belle II detectors operating at the KEKB and SuperKEKB asymmetric-energy e + e − colliders, singly Cabibbo-suppressed decays$$ {\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to p{K}_S^0 $$Ξ c + → p K S 0 ,$$ {\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to \\Lambda {\\pi}^{+} $$Ξ c + → Λ π + , and$$ {\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to {\\Sigma}^0{\\pi}^{+} $$Ξ c + → Σ 0 π + are observed for the first time. The ratios of branching fractions of$$ {\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to p{K}_S^0 $$Ξ c + → p K S 0 ,$$ {\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to \\Lambda {\\pi}^{+} $$Ξ c + → Λ π + , and$$ {\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to {\\Sigma}^0{\\pi}^{+} $$Ξ c + → Σ 0 π + relative to that of$$ {\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to {\\Xi}^{-}{\\pi}^{+}{\\pi}^{+} $$Ξ c + → Ξ − π + π + are measured to be$$ {\\displaystyle \\begin{array}{c}\\frac{\\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to p{K}_S^0\\right)}{\\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to {\\Xi}^{-}{\\pi}^{+}{\\pi}^{+}\\right)}=\\left(2.47\\pm 0.16\\pm 0.07\\right)\\%,\\\ {}\\frac{\\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to \\Lambda {\\pi}^{+}\\right)}{\\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to {\\Xi}^{-}{\\pi}^{+}{\\pi}^{+}\\right)}=\\left(1.56\\pm 0.14\\pm 0.09\\right)\\%,\\\ {}\\frac{\\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to {\\Sigma}^0{\\pi}^{+}\\right)}{\\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to {\\Xi}^{-}{\\pi}^{+}{\\pi}^{+}\\right)}=\\left(4.13\\pm 0.26\\pm 0.22\\right)\\%.\\end{array}} $$B Ξ c + → p K S 0 B Ξ c + → Ξ − π + π + = 2.47 ± 0.16 ± 0.07 % , B Ξ c + → Λ π + B Ξ c + → Ξ − π + π + = 1.56 ± 0.14 ± 0.09 % , B Ξ c + → Σ 0 π + B Ξ c + → Ξ − π + π + = 4.13 ± 0.26 ± 0.22 % . Multiplying these values by the branching fraction of the normalization channel,$$ \\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to {\\Xi}^{-}{\\pi}^{+}{\\pi}^{+}\\right)=\\left(2.9\\pm 1.3\\right)\\% $$B Ξ c + → Ξ − π + π + = 2.9 ± 1.3 % , the absolute branching fractions are determined to be$$ {\\displaystyle \\begin{array}{c}\\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to p{K}_S^0\\right)=\\left(7.16\\pm 0.46\\pm 0.20\\pm 3.21\\right)\\times {10}^{-4},\\\ {}\\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to \\Lambda {\\pi}^{+}\\right)=\\left(4.52\\pm 0.41\\pm 0.26\\pm 2.03\\right)\\times {10}^{-4},\\\ {}\\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to {\\Sigma}^0{\\pi}^{+}\\right)=\\left(1.20\\pm 0.08\\pm 0.07\\pm 0.54\\right)\\times {10}^{-3}.\\end{array}} $$B Ξ c + → p K S 0 = 7.16 ± 0.46 ± 0.20 ± 3.21 × 10 − 4 , B Ξ c + → Λ π + = 4.52 ± 0.41 ± 0.26 ± 2.03 × 10 − 4 , B Ξ c + → Σ 0 π + = 1.20 ± 0.08 ± 0.07 ± 0.54 × 10 − 3 . The first and second uncertainties above are statistical and systematic, respectively, while the third ones arise from the uncertainty in$$ \\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to {\\Xi}^{-}{\\pi}^{+}{\\pi}^{+}\\right) $$B Ξ c + → Ξ − π + π + .

Using data samples of 983.0 fb − 1 and 427.9 fb − 1 accumulated with the Belle and Belle II detectors operating at the KEKB and SuperKEKB asymmetric-energy e + e − colliders, singly Cabibbo-suppressed decays$ {\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to p{K}_S^0 $Ξ c + → p K S 0 ,$ {\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to \\Lambda {\\pi}^{+} $Ξ c + → Λ π + , and$ {\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to {\\Sigma}^0{\\pi}^{+} $Ξ c + → Σ 0 π + are observed for the first time. The ratios of branching fractions of$ {\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to p{K}_S^0 $Ξ c + → p K S 0 ,$ {\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to \\Lambda {\\pi}^{+} $Ξ c + → Λ π + , and$ {\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to {\\Sigma}^0{\\pi}^{+} $Ξ c + → Σ 0 π + relative to that of$ {\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to {\\Xi}^{-}{\\pi}^{+}{\\pi}^{+} $Ξ c + → Ξ − π + π + are measured to be$ {\\displaystyle \\begin{array}{c}\\frac{\\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to p{K}_S^0\\right)}{\\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to {\\Xi}^{-}{\\pi}^{+}{\\pi}^{+}\\right)}=\\left(2.47\\pm 0.16\\pm 0.07\\right)\\%,\\\ {}\\frac{\\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to \\Lambda {\\pi}^{+}\\right)}{\\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to {\\Xi}^{-}{\\pi}^{+}{\\pi}^{+}\\right)}=\\left(1.56\\pm 0.14\\pm 0.09\\right)\\%,\\\ {}\\frac{\\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to {\\Sigma}^0{\\pi}^{+}\\right)}{\\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to {\\Xi}^{-}{\\pi}^{+}{\\pi}^{+}\\right)}=\\left(4.13\\pm 0.26\\pm 0.22\\right)\\%.\\end{array}} $B Ξ c + → p K S 0 B Ξ c + → Ξ − π + π + = 2.47 ± 0.16 ± 0.07 % , B Ξ c + → Λ π + B Ξ c + → Ξ − π + π + = 1.56 ± 0.14 ± 0.09 % , B Ξ c + → Σ 0 π + B Ξ c + → Ξ − π + π + = 4.13 ± 0.26 ± 0.22 % . Multiplying these values by the branching fraction of the normalization channel,$ \\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to {\\Xi}^{-}{\\pi}^{+}{\\pi}^{+}\\right)=\\left(2.9\\pm 1.3\\right)\\% $B Ξ c + → Ξ − π + π + = 2.9 ± 1.3 % , the absolute branching fractions are determined to be$ {\\displaystyle \\begin{array}{c}\\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to p{K}_S^0\\right)=\\left(7.16\\pm 0.46\\pm 0.20\\pm 3.21\\right)\\times {10}^{-4},\\\ {}\\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to \\Lambda {\\pi}^{+}\\right)=\\left(4.52\\pm 0.41\\pm 0.26\\pm 2.03\\right)\\times {10}^{-4},\\\ {}\\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to {\\Sigma}^0{\\pi}^{+}\\right)=\\left(1.20\\pm 0.08\\pm 0.07\\pm 0.54\\right)\\times {10}^{-3}.\\end{array}} $B Ξ c + → p K S 0 = 7.16 ± 0.46 ± 0.20 ± 3.21 × 10 − 4 , B Ξ c + → Λ π + = 4.52 ± 0.41 ± 0.26 ± 2.03 × 10 − 4 , B Ξ c + → Σ 0 π + = 1.20 ± 0.08 ± 0.07 ± 0.54 × 10 − 3 . The first and second uncertainties above are statistical and systematic, respectively, while the third ones arise from the uncertainty in$ \\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to {\\Xi}^{-}{\\pi}^{+}{\\pi}^{+}\\right) $B Ξ c + → Ξ − π + π + .