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In this study, the effect of fenugreek seeds on renal injury of experimental rats was studied. A total of 20 male Albino rats, weighing 154 169 g, were divided into four groups of 5 each, were randomly classified into to negative control group and renal injury groups that injected or oral with ethanol (10% dissolved in the drinking water) and then reclassified into 3groups (5 rats each) as follows: Control positive, fenugreek powder 10 % and fenugreek powder 15% in basal diet At the end of experiment (4 weeks) blood samples were collected. All organs' rat was weight. kidneys were kept in formalin solution (10%) for the histopathological investigation. Blood glucose, glubulin, albumin, bilirubin, and total protein were all measured. The concentrations of creatinine, urea, and uric acid were estimated. In kidney tissues, serum antioxidant levels as well as (SOD) activity, NO, and GR levels were assessed. Results showed significant differences among initial, final body weights, body weight gain, organs' weights and relative organs' weights, of almost the groups. Results also indicated that the decreases in SOD and the increases in (GR), (NO) levels were more detectable with increases (TSP) level. Also show improvement in the histopathological structure of the kidneys. In conclusion, fenugreek has ameliorative effect against ethanol toxicity in rats due to its antioxidant activity so, drinking or incorporating it into food.

This study assess the chemical composition, antioxidant activity, minerals, and vitamins in mushroom to identify the nutritional value for this strain of edible mushroom. Results revealed that protein content was 14.6%, fiber was 3.91%, carbohydrates were 70.4%, and the fat was 2%. Percentage of (DPPH) of extracts was increased with increasing concentration, so antioxidant activities were as follows 46.32, 53.42 and 58.18% respectively. Results showed high amount of k, Fe and Ca which were (2547.85, 60.88 and 26.68 mg/100 g) respectively, while few amount of Mn and Cu was also observed in the extract. (1.25&1.35 mg/100 g). Moderate amount of Na, Mg & Zn was observed in extract. Results showed high amount of (B3) 98.43 mg/100 g, moderate amount of (Vit.C) 31.32 mg/100 g and low amount of (B1) & (B2) which were (1.94 and 3.65 mg/100 g) respectively. Sensory evaluation of two different samples of burger (control) and anther one supplementation with Mushroom which has a higher value than control group in the term of color and appearance and near from control for other parameters(Odor, Texture, Taste and Overall acceptability). In conclusion Pleurotus ostreatus is minimal in calories, fat, and Na and have a good antioxidant activities; it is a well known valuable functional food ingredient. They provide essential nutrients like riboflavin, potassium, niacin, Ascorbic acid,proteins, carbohydrate and fiber when they are placed next to one another to supplement different processed products such as (Burger)to create healthier and cheaper meat product.

The present study was directed to use Abelmoschus esculentus (Okra) and Corchorus olitorius (Jew's mallow) as a source of dietary fiber in order to study the biological effect of such materials which were used in the experimental diets for streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Rats were made diabetic by injecting streptozotocin into leg muscle at dose of 50 mg/kg body weight. Diabetic rats were (28 rats) divided into 4 groups (7 rats each group) .The first group was negative control group (NC), the second group was diabetic positive control (PC), the third one was 10 % Corchorus olitorius (Jew's mallow) group (COJ), and the fourth was 10 %Abelmoschus esculentus (Okra) group (AEO) .Blood samples were collected weekly for glucose monitoring while blood lipids were measured at the end of the experiment. The study was assigned for 4 weeks. The results revealed that, the treatment with Abelmoschus esculentus (Okra) and Corchorus olitorius (Jew's mallow) showed significantly decreased of serum glucose level of all the experimental groups. Meanwhile, no significant differences were recorded among blood indices of these groups, i.e. serum total cholesterol, total triglycerides, HDL-c, LDL-c, VLDL-c, at zero time. But after induced hyperglycemia, there were noticeable decrease in TC (total cholesterol level) ,TG , and LDL, while increase HDL. Maximum significant significant decreased was seen in rats fed on Abelmoschus esculentus followed by rats fed on Corchorus olitorius. Recommendation: The study recommends eating Abelmoschus esculentus (Okra) and Corchorus olitorius (Jew's mallow) or adding to the foods that have a positive effect to treat Diabetes mellitus. Because of its high in insoluble DF might significantly reduce diabetes risk.

The present study was designed to compare the effect of different two doses of Garden Cress seeds (GCS) on the histopathological for the treatment of liver problems as well as some parameters in mice. Twenty four male mice (6 for each group) were classified into control negative (- ve) group and three mice groups which administered 90 mg/kg BW of acrylamide powder per day and reclassified into control positive (+ve), 10% and 15 % Garden Cress seeds (GCS) groups. The study was assigned for 4 weeks. The results revealed that, the treatment with Garden Cress seeds (GCS) and acrylamide in mice showed insignificant differences among organs' weights and relative organs' weights, of all the experimental groups. While, high significant decrease were recorded among blood indices of these groups, i.e. serum total cholesterol, total triglycerides, LDL-c and VLDL-c, on the contrary there was a high significant increase in HDL-c. Meanwhile, no significant differences were recorded among blood indices of these groups, i.e. urea, uric acid, AST, ALT and ALP. Results also indicated that the decreases in serum MDA levels and the increases in serum GSH levels were more detectable with increases Garden Cress seeds (GCS) level. Administered doses of Garden Cress seeds (GCS) showed mild liver and heart histopathological inflammatory changes. The study provided experimental evidence on the treatment effect of Garden Cress seeds (GCS) powder on liver and heart damage as diets supplemented with Garden Cress seeds (GCS) offered obvious treatment for both. In conclusion, It could be concluded that Garden Cress seeds treatment the liver problems, It is also enriched with many phytochemicals which make it an important medicinal plant. It also improved the biological and biochemical parameters of liver. Garden cress seeds hold the best promise to use as medicine as well as a part of daily diet. Recommendation: The study recommends eating Garden Cress seeds or adding to the foods that have a positive effect to treat liver problems in rats. Because of its antioxidant activity.

The present work was conducted to study the protective effect of Lepidium sativum seed (LSS) against Acrylamide cancer-causing in rats. animals were given two different concentrations of Lepidium sativum Seed (LSS), consequently to acrylamide intoxication. The mice were infected with cancer by acrylamide powder, which was completely mixed with the main meal at 90 mg/ kg BW. A total of 24 adult male albino mice weighing 20± 5g, were divided into four groups of 6 animals each. The first group was negative group (NC), the second group was positive for cancer (PC), while, groups 3 and 4 received basal diet supplemented with 10% and 15% Lepidium sativum seed powder, respectively. At the end of experiment, blood samples were collected. All organs (liver, kidney, spleen, lungs and brain, and heart) of each animal were weighted. Liver were kept in formalin solution (10 %) for the histopathological investigation. kidney function tests (urea, creatinine), liver function tests (ALT, AST), antioxidant enzymes tests; (Glutathione (GSH) serum antioxidant as Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) were determined. The results revealed that treatment with Lepidium sativum and acrylamide in mice showed insignificant differences among initial, final body weights, body weight gain, and organs' weights among the experimental groups. Results also indicated that the decreases in serum MDA levels and the increases in serum GSH levels were more detectable with increases Lepidium sativum seeds level. Administered doses of Lepidium sativum seeds showed mild liver histopathological inflammatory changes. The study provided experimental evidence on the preventive effect of Lepidium sativum seed powder on liver damage as diets supplemented with Lepidium sativum seeds offered obvious protection for liver. In conclusion, Lepidium sativum has ameliorative effect against acrylamide toxicity in rats due to its antioxidant activity. without any adverse effect on metabolic parameters and organs weight of mice. Recommendation: It could be concluded that Lepidium sativum seeds succeeded in controlling acrylamide toxicity in mice. This seed, also ameliorated all biochemical parameters and kidney, liver functions and tissues and restored them to the normal state. These effects may be due the antioxidant activity of both phenolic and flavonoids phytochemical constituents of this seeds. Therefore, the study recommends eating Lepidium sativum seeds with meals because of its beneficial effects against Cancer.

Medicinal plants are one of the most essential ways to cure many microbial illnesses. The goal of this study was to assess the antimicrobial activity of various extracts of medical plants such as lepidium sativum, coriandrum sativum, and cuminum cyminum against pathogenic strains, G+ bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Staph. aureus subsp. aureus, and Bacillus cereus), and G- bacteria (Pseudomonas aeroginosa and E. coli). The mold strains were Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium rubrum, and Macrophomina phaseoli and the yeast strain was Candida albicans , as determined by the well diffusion assay. The findings revealed that hexane extracts of Lepidium sativum had the maximum efficacy against all tested strains except G+ bacteria. The highest restricting zone of Coriandrum sativum extracts appeared with ethanolic (2.6mm), methanolic (2.03mm), and petroleum ether (1.7mm) extracts against A. flavus. The petroleum ether extract of Cuminum cyminum shown antibacterial activity against A. niger, A. flavus, and Macro phaseoli mold, with zones of inhibition measuring 2.03, 2.22, and 1.3 mm. Overall, all extracts had a considerable impact against strain A. flavus. In contrast, strains A. niger and Macro. phaseoli were resistant to all extracts of Cuminum cyminum and Coriandrum sativum. closing, the hexane extract of Lepidium sativum shown effective antibacterial activity against tested strains and is regarded as a potential extract for further research and applications. It is strongly advised to follow this study's findings, which demonstrate that Lepidium sativum hexane extracts exhibited the biggest zone of inhibition in comparison to other extracts like methanol and ethanol. Novel medications to treat a range of microbial infections in humans may be developed using Lepidium sativum as a raw material. Consequently, the research suggests including Lepidium sativum in the regular diet.

Hypercholesterolemia is one of the major risk factors that precipitate coronary heart disease and atherosclerosis. Abnormal lipid metabolism is a main cause of dyslipidemia, which is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, obesity, cholestasis, and overall mortality. It is well known that diet plays an important role in the control of cholesterol homeostasis. Many studies reported that flaxseed may have protective effect against diseases like cardiovascular diseases CVD, reducing the risk of cancers, reducing the incident and progress of diabetes .High omega 6/omega-3 ratio intake promotes development of many chronic diseases like cardiovascular disease, cancer, inflammatory and autoimoune disease, rheumatoid arthritis, asthma. Accordingly, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of flaxseed and flaxseed oil against high cholesterol diet induced hypercholesterolemia in rats by adjusting ω6 : ω3 ratio (2.5:1),. Also, to determine whether flaxseed or flaxseed oil when administered to hypercholesterolemic induced-rats beneficial for treatment of hypercholesterolemia complications. Animals (40 rats) were divided randomly into 4 equal groups. G1 fed on basal diet (NC), G2 fed on HFD only (PC). G3 and G4 fed on HFD with adjust ω6 : ω3 ratio (2.5:1) by either flaxseed oil (FSO) or flaxseed (FS) . Blood samples were collected every 3 weeks for lipid parameters monitoring (serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) .high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) whereas low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) was calculated. All samples (heart, kidney, spleen, lungs and brain, and liver) of each animal were weighted. Liver and kidney were kept in formalin solution (10%) for the histopathological investigation. Results showed that ω6 : ω3 ratio was 1:3.8 in FS and 1:4.2 in FSO, while such ratio was 10:1 in grease . The results showed that adjusting ω6 : ω3 ratio by FS or FSO led to significant high decrease of plasma cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL and to increase in HDL after 6 weeks . Results also indicated that the balance ratio of ω6 : ω3 led to decrease in weight of rats as such ratio is important for health and in the prevention and management of obesity. Histopathology examination of the organs tissue was in parallel with the biochemical results, as liver weight was higher in PC with a marked deterioration in liver tissue while treated groups showed alleviated histopathological alterations. Moreover, kidney tissues in treated group showed apparently normal glomeruli and tubular epithelium, similar to the negative control group. These results suggest that, flaxseed oil may be effective in controlling cholesterolemic status and improving dyslipidemia and has the potential in reducing cardiovascular complications due to hypercholesterolemia.

In recent years, the importance of handicrafts has been surged due to their cultural and financial values. The small-scale industries, including handicrafts can play a major role in the development of the economy of both developed and the developing countries. Egyptian women work to share the burdens of everyday life because of their husband's death, illness or divorce. Therefore, the current study focused on the study of some small industries carried out by women in Societies Productive Families to meet the daily needs of their families. The study was conducted in three Egyptian governorates (Cairo, Giza, and Fayoum) because they included Societies Productive Families (SPF), concerned with small industries, which include handicrafts (leather bags, ceramic flowers, crochet, embroidery, itamin products and palm leaves products). The sample included 187 women who were chosen from 7 Societies Productive Families in three Egyptian Governorates. The obtained results showed that about three quarter of women sample aged less than 40 years, 60.4 % of them were married, more than half of sample (54%) finished intermediate institute, less half of them (42.4 %) were housewife. The majority of the family types (85 %) were simple, about half of sample had 4 to 5 persons (51.9 %). The highest percentage of socio-economic levels was above medium and medium (60.4%) in the three governorates. The highest percentage of small industries existed in Cairo, Giza and Fayoum represented crochet, being 36.3 %, 53.6 % and 43.1% of the sample, respectively. The main problems facing families concerning small industries included the low return from the industries (87.7 %), the shortage of good raw materials at reasonable prices (64.2 %) and the rise in prices of raw materials (62.6 %). More than half of the households (57.2%) were affected by the fact that the associations receive a high percentage of profits (15-20%). Statistical analysis showed that the age of women was positively correlated with the husband's age, while negatively correlated with both women's education and socio-economic level. There were highly significant correlations between the education of women and each of the socio-economic level and the husband's education. Highly significant correlations between women's education and each of socio- economic level and husband's education were found. Women's education was negatively correlated with family size. A Highly significant correlation was observed between the occupation of women and the occupation of husbands. Husband's education was positively correlated with husband's occupation and socioeconomic level, while negatively correlated with family size.