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"Allen, Matthew"
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Developing theoretically informed typologies in international business: Why we need them, and how to do it
In this article, we make the case for theoretically/logically derived explanatory typologies and their constituent ideal types, arguing that they can provide us with the basis to further understand dynamic and complex contemporary phenomena. We contrast this approach with dominant analytical strategies in international-business research. We show that the greater use of explanatory typologies and their associated ideal types in international-business research facilitates comparisons of similar cases; illuminates key, but relatively under-researched aspects of phenomenon; promotes theory building; and readily supports configurational analyses. By doing this, explanatory typologies can underpin rigorous analyses, and enhance the relevance of research findings on causally complex contemporary phenomena at different analytical levels.
Journal Article
Undermining the Japanese miracle : work and conflict in a coalmining community
Undermining the Japanese Miracle describes the underside of Japan's economic miracle. It is an account of people who have been forgotten in Japan's push to industrialise in the post-war era: the coalminers of Chikuho, on Japan's southernmost island. The dirty and neglected character of Chikuho is in stark and revealing contrast to Japan's prevailing image as an international leader in technology and an affluent country of great social harmony. In effect, the people of Chikuho have been sacrificed for the development of Japan's overall economy. This book looks at some of the effects of economic rationalist policies: the neglect of the former coalminers by the government and the coal companies has created a situation whereby the region is poor and isolated, and the unemployment, crime and welfare dependence rates are high. There is little hope of economic recovery in this coalmining area. Matthew Allen challenges the concepts of industrial harmony, economic foresight, cultural homogeneity and caring political management that dominate much of the literature in Japan. He describes how the people of the coalfields see themselves, providing insights into an aspect of Japanese society that is rarely encountered.
Book
Lanthanide Luminescence in Visible-Light-Promoted Photochemical Reactions
The excitation of lanthanides with visible light to promote photochemical reactions has garnered interest in recent years. Lanthanides serve as initiators for photochemical reactions because they exhibit visible-light-promoted 4f→5d transitions that lead to emissive states with electrochemical potentials that are more negative than the corresponding ground states. The lanthanides that have shown the most promising characteristics for visible-light promoted photoredox are SmII, EuII, and CeIII. By understanding the effects that ligands have on the 5d orbitals of SmII, EuII, and CeIII, luminescence and reactivity can be rationally modulated using coordination chemistry. This review briefly overviews the photochemical reactivity of SmII, EuII, and CeIII with visible light; the properties that influence the reactivity of these ions; and the research that has been reported towards modulating their photochemical-relevant properties using visible light and coordination chemistry.
Journal Article
Prolonged secondary hyperparathyroidism in adenine-induced CKD leads to skeletal changes consistent with skeletal hyporesponsiveness to PTH
High circulating parathyroid hormone (PTH) leading to secondary hyperparathyroidism is proposed to be a key driver of the skeletal phenotype of chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorder (CKD-MBD) leading to high bone turnover and cortical bone deterioration. The association between high PTH and the skeletal phenotype is typically clearly demonstrated in preclinical models of CKD; however, clinical studies show the relationship between PTH and skeletal outcomes is not as clear. The clinical data have led to a proposed hyporesponsiveness to PTH in the CKD setting with unclear causes. In the current study, we assessed skeletally mature male C57BL/6J mice at 12-weeks and 21-weeks of adenine-induced CKD (Ad) with the second timepoint seven weeks longer than we have previously assessed. We found that serum BUN was high in Ad mice in both groups indicating the presence of kidney disease while PTH was higher in 21-wk Ad vs. 12-wk Ad. Despite the higher PTH, bone formation rate in 21-wk Ad mice was lower than 21-wk Ad mice. Additionally, immunohistochemical assessment of the PTH receptor, PTHR1, and RANKL, a key factor upregulated by PTH, showed a lower percentage of osteocytes positive for the proteins in 21-wk Ad vs. 12-wk Ad. Furthermore, regression analyses demonstrated a positive relationship between serum PTH and PTHR1 and RANKL at 12-weeks, but this relationship was lost by 21-weeks. Overall, these data indicate that prolonged exposure to continuously elevated PTH in adenine-induced CKD mice eventually led to an altered skeletal response indicating lower responsiveness of bone, particularly osteocytes, to the chronic PTH signal. This has implications for using PTH as a surrogate marker of bone outcomes in CKD as well as pointing to the need to better understand the time-based relationship between PTH and skeletal outcomes in CKD.
Journal Article
The Tamil padam : a dance music genre of South India
A study of the Bharata Natyam dance genre 'padam' that focuses on its patrons and composers and its formal structure, texts, and music. It examines the 'rewriting' of South Indian dance and the decades-long debates over the classicization and ownership of South Indian music.
Book
High-throughput solution processing of large-scale graphene
The electronic properties of graphene, such as high charge carrier concentrations and mobilities, make it a promising candidate for next-generation nanoelectronic devices
1
,
2
,
3
. In particular, electrons and holes can undergo ballistic transport on the sub-micrometre scale in graphene and do not suffer from the scale limitations of current MOSFET technologies
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,
3
. However, it is still difficult to produce single-layer samples of graphene
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,
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and bulk processing has not yet been achieved, despite strenuous efforts to develop a scalable production method
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,
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. Here, we report a versatile solution-based process for the large-scale production of single-layer chemically converted graphene over the entire area of a silicon/SiO
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wafer. By dispersing graphite oxide paper in pure hydrazine we were able to remove oxygen functionalities and restore the planar geometry of the single sheets. The chemically converted graphene sheets that were produced have the largest area reported to date (up to 20 × 40 µm), making them far easier to process. Field-effect devices have been fabricated by conventional photolithography, displaying currents that are three orders of magnitude higher than previously reported for chemically produced graphene
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. The size of these sheets enables a wide range of characterization techniques, including optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy, to be performed on the same specimen.
Graphene is a promising material for the next-generation of nanoelectronic devices, but it has been difficult to produce single-layer samples in bulk quantities. A solution-based process for the large-scale production of single-layer, chemically converted graphene has now been demonstrated and used to make field-effect devices with currents that are three orders of magnitude higher than previously reported for chemically produced graphene.
Journal Article
Trees
\"The clearest and sharpest definition guide to over 500 species of trees from around the world. Packed with more than 1,600 photographs and illustrations with precise annotations to make identification sure and simple. In this fully revised and updated edition, concise and jargo-free text pinpoints the key characteristics of each species and provides quick, accessible information\" -- Provided by publisher.
BOOK
Gauging force by tapping tendons
Muscles are the actuators that drive human movement. However, despite many decades of work, we still cannot readily assess the forces that muscles transmit during human movement. Direct measurements of muscle–tendon loads are invasive and modeling approaches require many assumptions. Here, we introduce a non-invasive approach to assess tendon loads by tracking vibrational behavior. We first show that the speed of shear wave propagation in tendon increases with the square root of axial stress. We then introduce a remarkably simple shear wave tensiometer that uses micron-scale taps and skin-mounted accelerometers to track tendon wave speeds in vivo. Tendon wave speeds are shown to modulate in phase with active joint torques during isometric exertions, walking, and running. The capacity to non-invasively assess muscle–tendon loading can provide new insights into the motor control and biomechanics underlying movement, and could lead to enhanced clinical treatment of musculoskeletal injuries and diseases.
Mechanical forces exerted on tendons during locomotion cannot be readily measured without invasive methods. Here, the authors develop a non-invasive wearable device to track tendon loads by measuring shear wave propagation speed, and demonstrate its use during dynamic human movements.
Journal Article