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Jordan has made substantial strides in enhancing its economy by focusing on economic growth stimulants, which include financial development, foreign direct investment (FDI), and trade openness. However, these economic activities often lead to significant environmental risks. Despite their relevance, the existing literature has rarely examined the influence of these dynamics on environmental quality in the Middle East, particularly in Jordan. This study aims to investigate the influence of financial development, FDI, and trade openness on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in Jordan. To achieve this, the study employs the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) technique and the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) Granger causality approach, utilizing data sourced from the World Bank for the period from 1990 to 2022. The findings indicate that financial development, FDI, and trade openness positively impact CO2 emissions, thereby increasing environmental risks in both the short and long term. Additionally, there exists a bidirectional causal relationship between financial development and both FDI and trade openness, as well as between FDI and trade openness. It is imperative for Jordan to design strategies that balance economic growth with sustainable environmental practices.

The aim of this paper is to explore gaps in the spatial planning and governance systems that affect the ability of local authorities to manage urbanization in Amman, the capital of Jordan. A qualitative method using in-depth interviews with top managers was adopted to understand urbanization challenges and their relationship with spatial planning and governance systems. Findings reveal that spatial planning and governance systems are unable to manage urbanization effectively. Several planning gaps, such as the inability of the spatial planning system to align with the socio-economic context, the lack of policy instruments that provide practical solutions to urbanization challenges, the mismatch between planning and natural resources, the inefficiency of the land subdivision system, the ineffectiveness of urban growth boundary policy, and the poor performance of the public transportation system, have contributed to this lack of inability. The findings reveal a number of governance gaps, such as lack of coordination and overlapping roles between public authorities, centralization, lack of public participation, and insufficient information, have hindered the ability of public authorities to manage urbanization efficiently. To enhance the urban environment, this study provides important insights for policymakers to improve the overall performance of spatial planning and governance.

The aim of this study is to assess city marketing approaches used in promoting Petra in Jordan. To this end, four major criteria, including integrated marketing communication, quality of urban services, organizational procedures, and tourism receipt, were considered in this study. A qualitative method using in-depth, face-to-face interviews with top managers, was used to achieve the study objectives. Findings reveal that Petra suffers from a lack of effective city marketing strategies. The processes of city marketing, including integrated marketing communication, urban services, organizational aspects, and financial reserves, are greatly ineffective. Such processes are basically influenced by regulations, funding, and collaboration between various public authorities, as well as between the public sector and the private sector. The study provides useful insights for policymakers in order to improve city marketing in Jordan.

This study utilises urban planning theory, unauthorised housing theory and the theoretical framework of planning standards in an attempt to understand the phenomenon of low compliance with residential planning standards. The study examines the way in which people build their property and the extent to which this urban housing complies with the relevant planning standards. The study also investigates factors that impact on the extent of compliance with planning standards. It also examines the characteristics of unauthorised built environment and the relationship between these characteristics and the level of compliance with planning standards. Findings are based on an administrated questionnaire to a target sample of 1273 housing units based on Old Salt in Jordan and semi-structured interviews conducted with top managers based in municipal management in Salt. A total of 858 usable responses were collected, a response rate of 75.3%. For the purpose of data analysis the study utilises descriptive statistics, Chi-square and multivariate statistics (i.e. multiple regression and correlation analysis). The results show that the construction process tends to be irregular, illegal and is not normally subject to design and planning considerations. The overall level of compliance with respect to planning standards is low. A number of factors affect this low level of compliance, including family size, income, access to finance facilities, the current administration culture, levels of monitoring by the municipal management, lack of enforcement and general uncertainty about planning standards. In addition, municipal management faces huge challenges including budgetary restraints, human resources problems and poor information and databases related to the creation of planning strategies. Findings reveal that housing in Old Salt is problematic with the quality of socio-physical infrastructure in a low condition. There is a significant relationship between housing condition and the quality of socio-physical infrastructure and poor compliance with planning standards. However, the residents' attitudes towards Old Salt suggest that they prefer to live in this way rather than be subjected to more stringent planning control.

Background: The global concern for the environment and sustainable development goals has led to a growing focus on the increasing activities of city logistics. This research study aims to evaluate the current state of city logistics within the framework of sustainable development and analyze the key factors that impact the efficient management of city logistics in Jordan. Methods: To achieve these research objectives, a quantitative approach utilizing a survey questionnaire was employed. The findings emphasize a significant disparity between current practices in city logistics and desired outcomes, indicating an urgent need for improvement in cost reduction, enhancement of quality of life, and promotion of sustainability. Results: The results reveal that the performance of urban authorities in managing city logistics is influenced by various factors, including regulatory inefficiencies, suboptimal human resource performance, deficiencies in information systems, and challenges related to coordination amongst stakeholders. Conclusions: Consequently, this paper puts forth actionable recommendations for improving city logistics management, which involve amending existing regulations, implementing comprehensive training programs for employees, strengthening infrastructure for information systems, and fostering robust communication channels between urban authorities and stakeholders.