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Background: Early detection of subclinical left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction in hypertensive patients is important for the prevention of progression of hypertensive heart disease. Methods: We studied 60 hypertensive patients (age ranged from 21 to 49 years, the duration of hypertension ranged from 1 to 18 years) and 30 healthy controls, all had preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), detected by two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE). Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding ejection fraction (EF) by Simpson's method. Systolic velocity was significantly higher in the control group, and global longitudinal strain was significantly higher in the control group compared with the hypertensive group. In the hypertensive group, 23 of 60 patients had less negative global longitudinal strain than -19.1, defined as reduced systolic function, which is detected by 2D-STE (subclinical systolic dysfunction), when compared with 3 of 30 control subjects. Conclusion: 2D-STE detected substantial impairment of LV systolic function in hypertensive patients with preserved LVEF, which identifies higher risk subgroups for earlier medical intervention.

Background: Globally, chronic diseases represent a major healthcare challenge, particularly in Saudi Arabia, which is experiencing increasing burden of chronic disease related to modern lifestyle changes and population ageing. Care coordination, patient education and disease management are all key roles completed by nursing staff. Nursing contributions to chronic disease management require the healthcare transformation embodied in Saudi Vision 2030.Aim: The systematic review aimed to assess progress in the management of chronic diseases, and to evaluate its adherence to the healthcare objectives of Saudi Vision 2030 through the contributions of the nursing staff.Method: A systematic review of studies published between 2020 and 2024, was conducted using data following PRISMA guidelines. Ten studies that met inclusion criteria were identified by doing searches across PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, and Web of Science. Nurse led interventions were the subject of thematic synthesis along with workforce development and healthcare transformation.Results: Workforce development, nurse led interventions, technology integration, multidisciplinary collaboration and policy challenges were key themes. Chronic disease outcomes improved with nurse led programs and telehealth contributed to improved care delivery. Workforce shortages and policy gaps were deemed as the critical barriers of implementation, and unequivocally require the implementation of leadership development and training programs, adhering to Vision 2030.Conclusion: Chronic disease management and rising to Vision 2030 goals needs the engagement of nurses. Vital are addressing workforce challenges, fostering nurse-led care, integrating technology, and implementing supportive system policies. These in both a practical and intuitive manner provide actionable insights for both empowering nurses and improving healthcare delivery.

Background Early detection of subclinical left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction in hypertensive patients is important for the prevention of progression of hypertensive heart disease. Methods We studied 60 hypertensive patients (age ranged from 21 to 49 years, the duration of hypertension ranged from 1 to 18 years) and 30 healthy controls, all had preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), detected by two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE). Results There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding ejection fraction (EF) by Simpson's method. Systolic velocity was significantly higher in the control group, and global longitudinal strain was significantly higher in the control group compared with the hypertensive group. In the hypertensive group, 23 of 60 patients had less negative global longitudinal strain than −19.1, defined as reduced systolic function, which is detected by 2D-STE (subclinical systolic dysfunction), when compared with 3 of 30 control subjects. Conclusion 2D-STE detected substantial impairment of LV systolic function in hypertensive patients with preserved LVEF, which identifies higher risk subgroups for earlier medical intervention.

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف على المشكلات الاجتماعية التي تواجه دمج الطلاب ذوي الإعاقة العقلية في مدارس الدمج الفكري (الحلقة الأولى) بمحافظتي مسقط وجنوب الباطنة، وبيان مدى اندماج الطلاب ذوي الإعاقة العقلية، وتحديد المشكلات الاجتماعية التي تواجه اندماج الطلاب ذوي الإعاقة العقلية في المدارس من وجهة نظر المعلمات والأخصائيات الاجتماعيات العاملات بها، وعما اذا كانت هناك فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في استجابة عينة الدراسة حول المشكلات التي تواجه دمج الطلاب ذوي الإعاقة العقلية تعزى إلى متغير المنطقة التعليمية، والتعرف على المعوقات التي تواجه اندماجهم، ودور الأخصائي الاجتماعي في مواجهة المشكلات الناتجة عن دمج الطلاب على المستوى الشخصي والأسري والمجتمعي.واستخدمت الباحثة في هذه الدراسة المنهج الوصفي، وتكونت عينة الدراسة من (۳۰) طالب وطالبة من ذوي الإعاقة العقلية، و (٢٦) معلمة من معلمات التربية الخاصة الملحقات بمدارس الدمج الفكري، و (١٤) أخصائية اجتماعية في محافظتي مسقط وجنوب الباطنة، وقد تضمنت أدوات جمع البيانات كلا من استمارة ملاحظة للطلاب ذوي الإعاقة العقلية، واستمارة مقابلة للمعلمات واستمارة استبيان للأخصائيات الاجتماعيات. وتمت المعالجة الاحصائية من خلال استخدام المتوسطات الحسابية، والانحرافات المعيارية، واختبار (T-Test) للعينات المستقلة.وأظهرت نتائج الدراسة أن الطلاب ذوي الإعاقة العقلية مندمجين في المدرسة بشكل جيد، كما أظهرت الدراسة أن أكثر المشكلات التي تواجه دمج الطلاب ذوي الإعاقة العقلية في المدارس في المشكلات الأسرية ومشكلات نظرة المجتمع المدرسي والمشكلات الترويحية، بينما مشكلات الأصدقاء والمشكلات التعليمية هي أقل المشكلات التي تواجه الطلاب موضع الدراسة. كما أشارت إلى عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة احصائية في وجهات نظر المعلمات والأخصائيات الاجتماعيات حول المشكلات الاجتماعية التي تواجه دمج الطلاب ذوي الإعاقة العقلية تعزى المتغير المنطقة التعليمية، وكما وجدت الدراسة أن هناك معوقات تواجه دمج الطلاب وتم تصنيفها إلى: (معوقات متعلقة بالطالب ذي الإعاقة العقلية، معوقات متعلقة بأسرة الطالب ذي الإعاقة العقلية، معوقات متعلقة بالطلاب العاديين معوقات متعلقة بالمدرسة.وخرجت الدراسة بعدة توصيات منها : تفعيل دور الأخصائي الاجتماعي المدرسي في التعامل مع الطلاب ذوي الإعاقة العقلية بالمدرسة، وضرورة الاهتمام نحو العقبات التي تواجه موضوع دمج ذوي الإعاقة العقلية في المدرسة العادية، وإجراء الدراسات حول حاجات ومشكلات دمج ذوي الإعاقة العقلية في جميع المراحل الدراسية بشكل عام وتطوير البرامج الخاصة بالطلاب ذوي الإعاقة العقلية.

Various types of force constant refinement procedures have been reviewed. A program has been written for the damping least squares method in which a small factor is added to the diagonal elements of the normal matrix. This program was developed as part of a study of the force field of the hyponitrite ion N[2]O[2][--]. A previous study by McGraw et al was unsatisfactory because only the information from the normal isotope was used and this gave a very large discrepancy (67cm[-1]) for one of the calculated frequencies. In the present work it is found that a reversal of the McGraw assignment for the assymetric stretching and out-of-plane deformation vibrations gives a better measure of fit when the isotopic frequencies are used to calculate an almost complete general valence force field. For the normal molecule frequencies the reversed assignment gave almost the same measure of fit as the McGraw assignment for their proposed 5 constant force field. For an alternative choice of 5 constant force field the new assignment gave an even lower measure of fit whilst the McGraw assignment could not be fitted at all well.

Infection by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has a high incidence of spread. On January 30, 2020, the World Health Organization proclaimed a public health emergency of worldwide concern. More than 6.9 million deaths and more than 768 million confirmed cases had been reported worldwide as of June 18, 2023. This study included 51 patients and 50 age- and sex-matched healthy subjects. The present study aimed to identify the expression levels of lncRNA CASC2 and miRNA-21-5p (also known as miRNA-21) in COVID-19 patients and their relation to the clinicopathological characteristics of the disease. The expression levels of noncoding RNAs were measured by RT-PCR technique. Results detected that CASC2 was significantly downregulated while miRNA-21-5p was significantly upregulated in COVID-19 patients compared to healthy subjects. A significant negative correlation was found between CASC2 and miRNA-21-5p. ROC curve analysis used to distinguish COVID-19 patients from controls. MiRNA-21-p serum expression level had a significant positive association with temperature and PO2 ( p  = 0.04 for each). These findings indicate that CASC2 and miRNA-21-p might be used as potential diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers in COVID-19.

Aware of the nefarious effects of excessive exploitation of natural resources and the greenhouse gases emissions linked to building sector, the concept of smart buildings emerged, referring to a building that uses clean energy efficiently. This requires intelligent control systems to manage the use of residential energy consuming devices, namely the HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, Air-conditioning) system. This system consumes up to 50% of the total energy used by a building. In this paper, we introduce a RL (Reinforcement Learning) and MPC-LSTM (Model Predictive Control-Long-Short Term Memory) hybrid control system that combines DNNs (Deep Neural Networks), through RL, with LSTM’s long-short memory technique and MPC’s control characteristics. The goal of our model is to maintain thermal comfort of residents while optimizing energy consumption. Consequently, to train and test our model, we generate our own dataset using a building model of a corporate building in Casablanca, Morocco, combined with weather data of the same city. Simulations confirm the robustness of our model as it outperforms basic control methods in terms of thermal comfort and energy consumption especially during summer. Compared to conventional methods, our approach resulted in a 45.4% and 70.9% reduction in energy consumption, in winter and summer, respectively. Our approach also resulted in 26 less comfort violations during winter. On the other hand, during summer, our approach found a compromise between energy consumption and comfort with no more than 2.5 °C above ideal temperature limit.

Elite athletes, particularly those engaged in combat sports like Taekwondo, are exposed to unique physical and psychological stressors. These demands may increase vulnerability to mental health challenges such as anxiety and depression, as well as disordered eating behaviors, especially when weight categories and performance pressures are involved. This study aimed to establish the mental health profile of Lebanese Taekwondo players while exploring the potential relationship between the psychological health indicators and eating disorders or disordered eating patterns. This cross-sectional study was conducted from January to July 2023 on 110 Lebanese black belt Taekwondo players recruited through the Lebanese Taekwondo Federation. Data collection involved anthropometric measurements, body composition analysis, and a self-administered questionnaire covering sociodemographic and socioeconomic factors, health behaviors, the Sport Mental Health Assessment Tool-1 (SMHAT-1) and the Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26). This study involved 110 Lebanese Taekwondo players (mean age 24.28 ± 10.5 years, 67.3% male), with the majority under 24 years old and half unemployed. Participants reported various socioeconomic challenges, including income reductions due to the post-economic crisis. Mental health assessments using the SMHAT-1 questionnaire revealed 14.5% were at high risk for anxiety, with female athletes exhibiting significantly higher anxiety scores (p = 0.006). Depression was reported in 13.6% of athletes, particularly among females (30% vs 5%, p = 0.000), and 10% had self-harm thoughts. Sleep disturbances affected 24.5% of participants, while 12.7% reported alcohol misuse. Disordered eating (DE) patterns were more common in females (50%) compared to males (p = 0.01), and the overall prevalence of DE was 33.6%. Using the EAT-26 questionnaire, 15.5% of participants were at risk of eating disorders (ED), with no significant gender differences. Factors such as unemployment, high exercise volume (≥10 hours per week), and reduced income were associated with higher ED risk. Depression and Psychosis were linked to both ED and DE, while anxiety was only associated with DE. Binary logistic models showed that athletes facing salary reductions were affected by ED, while those with psychosis had an 11-fold increased risk for ED. Household income and ADHD were strongly associated with DE patterns. This study revealed significant connections between mental health indicators and eating disorders or disordered eating patterns among Lebanese Taekwondo players. The findings highlight the need for targeted interventions, increased mental health awareness, and the development of prospective programs tailored to enhance athletes' well-being and performance, including personalized mental health support.