Explore the vast range of titles available.

Motivated by the ideas of F-weak contractions and F,Rg-contractions, the notion of Fw,Rg-contractions is introduced and studied in the present paper. The idea is to establish some interesting results for the existence and uniqueness of a coincidence point for these contractions. Further, using an additional condition of weakly compatible mappings, a common fixed-point theorem and a fixed-point result are proved for Fw,Rg-contractions in metric spaces equipped with a transitive binary relation. The results are elaborated by illustrative examples. Some consequences of these results are also deduced in ordered metric spaces and metric spaces endowed with graph. Finally, as an application, the existence of the solution of certain Voltera type integral equations is investigated.

Motivated by the ideas of F-weak contractions and (F,R)[sub.g]-contractions, the notion of (F[sub.w],R)[sub.g]-contractions is introduced and studied in the present paper. The idea is to establish some interesting results for the existence and uniqueness of a coincidence point for these contractions. Further, using an additional condition of weakly compatible mappings, a common fixed-point theorem and a fixed-point result are proved for (F[sub.w],R)[sub.g]-contractions in metric spaces equipped with a transitive binary relation. The results are elaborated by illustrative examples. Some consequences of these results are also deduced in ordered metric spaces and metric spaces endowed with graph. Finally, as an application, the existence of the solution of certain Voltera type integral equations is investigated.

Motivated by the ideas of F -weak contractions and F , R g -contractions, the notion of F w , R g -contractions is introduced and studied in the present paper. The idea is to establish some interesting results for the existence and uniqueness of a coincidence point for these contractions. Further, using an additional condition of weakly compatible mappings, a common fixed-point theorem and a fixed-point result are proved for F w , R g -contractions in metric spaces equipped with a transitive binary relation. The results are elaborated by illustrative examples. Some consequences of these results are also deduced in ordered metric spaces and metric spaces endowed with graph. Finally, as an application, the existence of the solution of certain Voltera type integral equations is investigated.

Recently, Ji et al. established certain fixed-point results using Mann’s iterative scheme tailored to G[sub.b] -metric spaces. Stimulated by the notion of the F-contraction introduced by Wardoski, the contraction condition of Ji et al. was generalized in this research. Several fixed-point results with Mann’s iterative scheme endowed with F-contractions in G[sub.b] -metric spaces were proven. One non-trivial example was elaborated to support the main theorem. Moreover, for application purposes, the existence of the solution to an integral equation is provided by using the axioms of the proven result. The obtained results are generalizations of several existing results in the literature. Furthermore, the results of Ji. et al. are the special case of theorems provided in the present research.

Recently, Ji et al. established certain fixed-point results using Mann’s iterative scheme tailored to G b -metric spaces. Stimulated by the notion of the F -contraction introduced by Wardoski, the contraction condition of Ji et al. was generalized in this research. Several fixed-point results with Mann’s iterative scheme endowed with F -contractions in G b -metric spaces were proven. One non-trivial example was elaborated to support the main theorem. Moreover, for application purposes, the existence of the solution to an integral equation is provided by using the axioms of the proven result. The obtained results are generalizations of several existing results in the literature. Furthermore, the results of Ji. et al. are the special case of theorems provided in the present research.

Recently, Ji et al. established certain fixed-point results using Mann’s iterative scheme tailored to Gb-metric spaces. Stimulated by the notion of the F-contraction introduced by Wardoski, the contraction condition of Ji et al. was generalized in this research. Several fixed-point results with Mann’s iterative scheme endowed with F-contractions in Gb-metric spaces were proven. One non-trivial example was elaborated to support the main theorem. Moreover, for application purposes, the existence of the solution to an integral equation is provided by using the axioms of the proven result. The obtained results are generalizations of several existing results in the literature. Furthermore, the results of Ji. et al. are the special case of theorems provided in the present research.

Licorice is a therapeutic herb in traditional Chinese herbal medicine. Licorice is considered as an anti‐inflammatory agent due to its suppression and inhibition of inflammatory pathways. Licorice has many bioactive compounds such as glycyrrhetinic acid, glycyrrhizin, liquiritigenin, and isoliquirtigenin which are principally accountable for its therapeutic benefits. These bioactive components reduce inflammation by preventing the activation of important inflammatory pathways including mitogen‐activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and nuclear factor‐kappa B (NF‐ κ B). As a result of this tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐ α ), interleukin‐1 beta (IL‐1 β ) and interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) are among the proinflammatory cytokines whose production is inhibited. Components present in licorice inhibit the activation by suppressing the I κ B α phosphorylation and degradation. Moreover, licorice compounds also attenuate the MAPK signaling cascades by inhibiting the MAPK kinase phosphorylation and downstream MAPKs such as extracellular signal–regulated kinase (ERK), p38 MAPK, and c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK). The present review focuses on the current understanding of licorice effect on the NF‐ κ B and MAPK inflammatory cell signaling pathways at molecular level. Furthermore, emerging evidence suggested that licorice‐derived bioactive compounds may attenuate the molecular mechanism which is associated with inflammation, providing the additional insights into the therapeutic potential. Further studies explained the precise molecular mechanism at the cellular level underlying the licorice anti‐inflammatory effect and potential application in managing inflammatory disorders. In conclusion, licorice has a complex mode of action and is a valuable natural anti‐inflammatory. Its natural origin and effectiveness in clinical applications make it an intriguing topic for additional study. As licorice becomes more widely used in medicine, future research should focus on refining its formulations to optimize therapeutic advantages.

ObjectivesThis pilot study assessed whether a peer-supported, WhatsApp-assisted lifestyle modification intervention for weight reduction is feasible to execute a definitive trial.DesignA mixed-methods, single group, pretest and post-test, quasi-experimental study.SettingAzam Basti, an urban slum in Karachi, Pakistan.ParticipantsFifty participants (males and females aged 20–60) with a body mass index of >23 kg/m2, along with their nominated peers from the same family.InterventionUsing motivational interviewing techniques, a trained nutritionist delivered the lifestyle modification intervention to the participants and peers for 3 days after the baseline assessment and then once monthly for 1 year. The intervention was delivered in groups using WhatsApp voice calls. The education sessions mainly focused on dietary modifications, physical activity advice and peer-support assignments to achieve a 5% wt loss from the participant’s initial body weight.OutcomesThe feasibility measures included screening, recruitment, retention and monthly interview response rates. At 1 year, in-depth interviews (IDIs) with participants and peers were conducted to explore the facilitators, barriers, acceptability and experiences of the intervention. Changes in weight, calorie intake/day and calorie expenditure/day were also assessed.ResultsThe recruitment and retention rates were 32% (n=50/156) and 78% (n=39/50), respectively, while the response rate for monthly interviews ranged between 66% (n=33) and 94% (n=47). The mean weight loss at 1 year was 2.2 kg, and the reduction in mean calorie intake was 386 kcal/day. There were no changes in the mean calorie expenditure. During the IDIs, participants and peers reported intervention via WhatsApp and peer support as convenient, flexible and supportive.ConclusionsThe quantitative and qualitative findings of the current pilot study support the scale-up of this work with minor modifications to the screening method as well as close monitoring and motivational interviewing to improve adherence in terms of physical activity.Trial registration numberNCT05928338.

The toxic discharge of heavy metals into the water affects the aquatic ecosystem as well as the human population interacting with it because of their toxicity, bioaccumulation, long persistence, and transfer through the food chain. Thus, it is very important to conduct studies to determine the level of heavy metal pollution in order to better control, manage, and preserve the pollution of aquatic ecosystems. This study assessed heavy metal contamination in fish and its associated health risk to the population around the Tarukri Drain, Punjab, Pakistan. Two fish species ( Oreochromis niloticus and Cirrhinus mrigala ) were collected from three different sites in two different seasons. Collected fish were analyzed for cadmium (Cd), iron (Fe), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), and zinc (Zn) accumulation using atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS). Furthermore, the human health risks associated with the consumption of affected fish were also assessed. Target hazardous quotient for seasonal consumers was between 0.12, − 1.58 × 10 −4 , and 0.54 − 3.28 × 10 −4 (mg/kg) in O. niloticus and C. mrigala , respectively. While for regular consumers it was between 0.28–3.71 × 10 −4 and 1.27–7.68 × 10 −4 (mg/kg) in O. niloticus and C. mrigala respectively for the studied heavy metals. Fish sampled from Sadiqabad contained the highest concentration of heavy metals. The analysis of fish organs (kidney, liver, and muscles) showed heavy metal accumulation in the order of kidney > liver > muscles ( p  < 0.00). The obtained results showed that heavy metal contaminations in both fish species were within the permissible limits recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). Both sampling seasons (i.e., summer and winter) showed a non-significant difference in heavy metal concentration. The calculated total target hazardous quotient across all heavy metals remained < 1 with only one exception. The carcinogenic risk assessment of heavy metals showed a non-significant effect in both fish species.

This study investigates the structural, optoelectronic, magnetic and thermophysical properties of three newly designed semiconductor pyrochlore oxides, namely RE 2 Ti 2 O 7 (RE = Er, Eu, Tb), using ab-initio calculations within the density functional theory framework. The values of indirect bandgaps are 3.8, 2.2 and 3.77 eV for the spin up channel of Er 2 Ti 2 O 7 , Eu 2 Ti 2 O 7 , and Tb 2 Ti 2 O 7 , respectively. While the values of indirect bandgaps for the spin down channel of Er 2 Ti 2 O 7 , Eu 2 Ti 2 O 7 , and Tb 2 Ti 2 O 7 are 3.56, 3.65 and 2.1 eV, respectively. The paramagnetic magnetic moments can be inferred by analyzing the distinct band shapes observed in the energy band structures of the studied compounds corresponding to the spin up and spin down states. The magnetic moments of Er 2 Ti 2 O 7 , Eu 2 Ti 2 O 7 , and Tb 2 Ti 2 O 7 have significant magnitudes, specifically measuring 12.00, 24.51, and 24.00  μ B , respectively. Significant absorption of incident photons by the studied compounds can be noted in near UV region in both spin channels. Low reflectivity (~ 30%) by RE 2 Ti 2 O 7 (RE = Er, Eu, Tb) is evident from the R ( ω ) spectra in an energy range of 1.0–10.0 eV. However, these compounds exhibit ~ 50% reflectance of the incident photons in upper UV region (above 10.0 eV). The analysis of the Seebeck coefficient spectra reveals that RE 2 Ti 2 O 7 (RE = Er, Eu, Tb) exhibits p -type semiconductor behavior, however, Eu 2 Ti 2 O 7 also shows n -type behavior from 200 to 450 K. The presented thermodynamic characteristics reveal that the pyrochlore oxides RE 2 Ti 2 O 7 (RE = Er, Eu, Tb) exhibit thermal stability.