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"Anderson, Terry L"
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Predictors of quality of life among adolescents and young adults with a bleeding disorder
Background
Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in adolescents and young adults with bleeding disorders is under-researched. We aimed to describe factors related to HRQoL in adolescents and young adults with hemophilia A or B or von Willebrand disease.
Methods
A convenience sample of volunteers aged 13 to 25 years with hemophilia or von Willebrand disease completed a cross-sectional survey that assessed Physical (PCS) and Mental (MCS) Component Summary scores on the SF-36 questionnaire. Quantile regression models were used to assess factors associated with HRQoL.
Results
Of 108 respondents, 79, 7, and 14% had hemophilia A, hemophilia B, and von Willebrand disease, respectively. Most had severe disease (71%), had never developed an inhibitor (65%), and were treated prophylactically (68%). Half of patients were aged 13 to 17 years and most were white (80%) and non-Hispanic (89%). Chronic pain was reported as moderate to severe by 31% of respondents. Median PCS and MCS were 81.3 and 75.5, respectively. Quantile regression showed that the median PCS for women (61% with von Willebrand disease) was 13.1 (95% CI: 2.4, 23.8;
p
= 0.02) points lower than men. Ever developing an inhibitor (vs never) was associated with a 13.1-point (95% CI: 4.7, 21.5;
p
< 0.01) PCS reduction. MCS was 10.0 points (95% CI: 0.7, 19.3;
p
= 0.04) higher for prophylactic infusers versus those using on-demand treatment. Compared with patients with no to mild chronic pain, those with moderate to severe chronic pain had 25.5-point (95% CI: 17.2, 33.8;
p
< 0.001) and 10.0-point (95% CI: 0.8, 19.2;
p
= 0.03) reductions in median PCS and MCS, respectively.
Conclusions
Efforts should be made to prevent and manage chronic pain, which was strongly related to physical and mental HRQoL, in adolescents and young adults with hemophilia and von Willebrand disease. Previous research suggests that better clotting factor adherence may be associated with less chronic pain.
Journal Article
Free market environmentalism for the next generation
\"Free market environmentalism is an optimistic paradigm for linking dynamic environments with dynamic economies using property rights and markets to provide incentives for good resource stewardship. This book provides a new paradigm for environmentalism, offering examples of how free market environmentalism is working and confronting the limits of markets.\"--Provided by publisher.
Book
Unlocking the wealth of indian nations
Most American Indian reservations are islands of poverty in a sea of wealth, but they do not have to remain that way. To extract themselves from poverty, Native Americans will have to build on their rich cultural history including familiarity with markets and integrate themselves into modern economies by creating institutions that reward productivity and entrepreneurship and that establish tribal governments that are capable of providing a stable rule of law. The chapters in this volume document the involvement of indigenous people in market economies long before European contact, provide evidence on how the wealth of Indian Nations has been held hostage to bureaucratic red tape, and explains how their wealth can be unlocked through self-determination and sovereignty.
eBook
Sovereignty, Credible Commitments, and Economic Prosperity on American Indian Reservations
American Indian reservations are islands of poverty in a sea of wealth. Because this poverty cannot be explained solely by natural resource, physical, and human capital constraints, institutions are likely to be part of the explanation. One of the institutional variables is the sovereign power of tribes, which allows tribal governments to act opportunistically. The potential for such opportunistic behavior can thwart economic development if tribes are unable to make credible commitments to stable contract enforcement. One avenue for credible commitments is Public Law 280, which required some tribes to turn judicial jurisdiction over civil disputes to the states in which they reside. Using data for 1969–99, we find that per capita income for American Indians on reservations subject to state jurisdiction grew significantly more than it did for Indians who were not.
Journal Article
Culture, sovereignty, and the rule of law: lessons from Indian country
The rule of law is a process whereby the citizens—society—are in a race with the state—government—to thread the needle between anarchy and despotism, or to live in “the narrow corridor,” as Acemoglu and Robinson (2019, Penguin Books) call it. In the narrow corridor, private and collective institutions balance the coercive power of the state necessary to prevent citizens from taking from one another with private control of resources and exchange that create gains from trade. We argue that pre-contact Native Americans, as residual claimants of rents created by rules of law embedded in cultural practices that achieved this balance, were able to build healthy economies based on clear property rights and exchange. During the early period of European contact, American Indians and Europeans continued to abide by rules of law that encouraged trading rather than raiding. By the nineteenth century, however, rules imposed by the federal government declared Indians to be “wards” of the state and replaced productive trading rules of law with predatory rent-seeking rules. Settler governments justified rent seeking on the grounds that tribal customs and cultures were lawless and inefficient, but a deeper understanding suggests that those more local institutions represented a rule of law that balanced collective action and private action in ways that encouraged investment and exchange. Ironically, federal laws have suppressed Indian liberties, caused abject poverty, and left jurisdictional gaps in the rule of law that have enabled disorder. We conclude that the path back to the narrow corridor requires granting American Indians the sovereignty that will make tribes residual claimants of rents created by productive rules of law of their own making.
Journal Article
Greener than thou
In a powerful argument for free market environmentalism, Terry Anderson and Laura Huggins break down liberal and conservative stereotypes of what it means to be an environmentalist. They show that, by forming local coalitions around market principles, stereotypes are replaced by pragmatic solutions that improve environmental quality without necessarily increasing red tape.
eBook
The political economy of American Indian policy: introduction to a special issue
Historically and currently, federal policies governing American Indian country do not typically resemble policies that economists think would stimulate economic and cultural prosperity. This special issue employs Public Choice and New Institutional Economics to analyze the origins and consequences of these policies. This approach, which emphasizes rent seeking, government failure, and formal and informal institutions offers new insights into the understanding of persistent barriers to prosperity and sovereignty in Indian country and what changes might be necessary to break down the obstacles.
Journal Article
Reacting to the Spending Spree
A team of expert contributors analyze the near- and long-term implications of efforts by both the Obama and Bush administrations to fix the current financial crisis. They examine a range of issues affected by the proposed reforms, including health care, \"going green,\" the Employee Free Choice Act, an open world economy, and more.
eBook
Interrelationship between depression, anxiety, pain, and treatment adherence in hemophilia: results from a US cross-sectional survey
Depression, anxiety, pain, and treatment adherence have reciprocal effects not characterized extensively in hemophilia. This study explored the relationships between depression, anxiety, chronic pain, and treatment adherence in adults with hemophilia.
Adults with self-reported hemophilia A or B completed the cross-sectional IMPACT QoL II survey. Depression (9-item Patient Health Questionnaire [PHQ-9]), anxiety (7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale [GAD-7]), chronic pain (Faces Pain Scale-Revised [FPS-R]), social support (Duke UNC Functional Social Support questionnaire), level of pain control, clotting factor treatment adherence (VERITAS-Pro or -PRN), and previous depression/anxiety were analyzed.
Among 200 participants (male, 77.3%; female, 22.8%), 54% had PHQ-9 and 52% had GAD-7 scores indicating moderate to severe depression or anxiety without diagnosis of either disorder. Participants with PHQ-9 scores ≥10 (moderate to severe depression) were more likely to have lower treatment adherence than those with PHQ-9 scores <10 (
<0.05). Participants with PHQ-9 or GAD-7 scores ≥10 were more likely to report uncontrolled pain and less social support versus PHQ-9 or GAD-7 scores <10 (χ
<0.05). Significant correlations were found between PHQ-9 and GAD-7 (
<0.0001), PHQ-9 and FPS-R (
=0.0004), PHQ-9 and VERITAS (
=0.01), GAD-7 and FPS-R (
=0.02), and GAD-7 and VERITAS (
0.001).
Depression and anxiety are underdiagnosed in hemophilia. Depression is associated with anxiety, pain, and lower treatment adherence. While treatment providers play an important role in diagnosis, social workers may play a pivotal role in depression and anxiety screening. This study highlights the importance of regular screening and treatment for these disorders.
Journal Article