Explore the vast range of titles available.

The most recent data from the CERN LHC are compared with calculations within the statistical hadronization model. The parameters temperature und baryon chemical potential are fitted to the data. The best fit yields a temperature of 156 MeV, slightly below the expectation from RHIC data. Proton yields are nearly three standard deviations below this fit and possible reasons are discussed.

We present the status of the chemical freeze-out, determined from fits of hadron yields with the statistical hadronization (thermal) model, with focus on the data at the LHC. A description of the yields of hadrons containing light quarks as well as the application of the model for the production of the J/ψ meson is presented. The implications for the QCD phase diagram are discussed.

This document summarizes the efforts of the EMMI Rapid Reaction Task Force on “Suppression and (re)generation of quarkonium in heavy-ion collisions at the LHC”, centered around their 2019 and 2022 meetings. It provides a review of existing experimental results and theoretical approaches, including lattice QCD calculations and semiclassical and quantum approaches for the dynamical evolution of quarkonia in the quark-gluon plasma as probed in high-energy heavy-ion collisions. The key ingredients of the transport models are itemized to facilitate comparisons of calculated quantities such as reaction rates, binding energies, and nuclear modification factors. A diagnostic assessment of the various results is attempted and coupled with an outlook for the future.

The Fourier harmonics, [Formula omitted] and [Formula omitted] of negative pions are measured at center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of [Formula omitted]= 17.3 GeV around midrapidity by the CERES/NA45 experiment at the CERN SPS in 0-30% central PbAu collisions with a mean centrality of 5.5%. The analysis is performed in two centrality bins as a function of the transverse momentum [Formula omitted] from 0.05 GeV/c to more than 2 GeV/c. This is the first measurement of the [Formula omitted] ratio as a function of transverse momentum at SPS energies, that reveals, independently of the hydrodynamic models, hydrodynamic behavior of the formed system. For [Formula omitted] above 0.5 GeV/c, the ratio is nearly flat in accordance with the hydrodynamic prediction and as previously observed by the ATLAS and ALICE experiments at the much higher LHC energies. The results are also compared with the SMASH-vHLLE hybrid model predictions, as well as with the SMASH model applied alone.

A bstract In this paper we present a study of in-medium jet modifications performed with JEWEL and PYTHIA 6.4, focusing on the uncertainties related to variations of the perturbative scales and nuclear parton distribution functions (PDFs) and on the impact of the initial and crossover temperature variations of the medium. The simulations are compared to LHC data for the jet spectrum and the nuclear modification factor. We assess the interplay between the choice of nuclear PDFs and different medium parameters and study the impact of nuclear PDFs and the medium on the jet structure via the Lund plane.

A golden age for heavy-quarkonium physics dawned a decade ago, initiated by the confluence of exciting advances in quantum chromodynamics (QCD) and an explosion of related experimental activity. The early years of this period were chronicled in the Quarkonium Working Group (QWG) CERN Yellow Report (YR) in 2004, which presented a comprehensive review of the status of the field at that time and provided specific recommendations for further progress. However, the broad spectrum of subsequent breakthroughs, surprises, and continuing puzzles could only be partially anticipated. Since the release of the YR, the BESII program concluded only to give birth to BESIII; the B -factories and CLEO-c flourished; quarkonium production and polarization measurements at HERA and the Tevatron matured; and heavy-ion collisions at RHIC have opened a window on the deconfinement regime. All these experiments leave legacies of quality, precision, and unsolved mysteries for quarkonium physics, and therefore beg for continuing investigations at BESIII, the LHC, RHIC, FAIR, the Super Flavor and/or Tau–Charm factories, JLab, the ILC, and beyond. The list of newly found conventional states expanded to include h c (1 P ), χ c 2 (2 P ), , and  η b (1 S ). In addition, the unexpected and still-fascinating X (3872) has been joined by more than a dozen other charmonium- and bottomonium-like “ XYZ ” states that appear to lie outside the quark model. Many of these still need experimental confirmation. The plethora of new states unleashed a flood of theoretical investigations into new forms of matter such as quark–gluon hybrids, mesonic molecules, and tetraquarks. Measurements of the spectroscopy, decays, production, and in-medium behavior of , , and bound states have been shown to validate some theoretical approaches to QCD and highlight lack of quantitative success for others. Lattice QCD has grown from a tool with computational possibilities to an industrial-strength effort now dependent more on insight and innovation than pure computational power. New effective field theories for the description of quarkonium in different regimes have been developed and brought to a high degree of sophistication, thus enabling precise and solid theoretical predictions. Many expected decays and transitions have either been measured with precision or for the first time, but the confusing patterns of decays, both above and below open-flavor thresholds, endure and have deepened. The intriguing details of quarkonium suppression in heavy-ion collisions that have emerged from RHIC have elevated the importance of separating hot- and cold-nuclear-matter effects in quark–gluon plasma studies. This review systematically addresses all these matters and concludes by prioritizing directions for ongoing and future efforts.

The Fourier harmonics,$$v_2$$v 2 and$$v_3$$v 3 of negative pions are measured at center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of$$\\sqrt{s_{\\textrm{NN}}}$$s NN = 17.3 GeV around midrapidity by the CERES/NA45 experiment at the CERN SPS in 0–30% central PbAu collisions with a mean centrality of 5.5%. The analysis is performed in two centrality bins as a function of the transverse momentum$$\\mathrm {p_{\\textrm{T}}}$$p T from 0.05 GeV/ c to more than 2 GeV/ c . This is the first measurement of the$$v^{1/3}_{3}/v^{1/2}_{2}$$v 3 1 / 3 / v 2 1 / 2 ratio as a function of transverse momentum at SPS energies, that reveals, independently of the hydrodynamic models, hydrodynamic behavior of the formed system. For$$\\mathrm {p_{\\textrm{T}}}$$p T above 0.5 GeV/ c , the ratio is nearly flat in accordance with the hydrodynamic prediction and as previously observed by the ATLAS and ALICE experiments at the much higher LHC energies. The results are also compared with the SMASH-vHLLE hybrid model predictions, as well as with the SMASH model applied alone.

As we are going through advancements in construction field and the imperatives of reliability requirements of the structure, soil always have an important role as a material that supports the whole structures, the Soil structure interaction is one of the most vital arts, nowadays and with the new technologies of soil testing and as we get closer for a better understanding of soil behaviour, we have the chance to model and anticipate the real behaviour of the structures resting on the soil. In this study, the effect of soil as a supporting material will be revealed and carefully studied to clarify and dye out the importance of Soil structure Interaction, and its effect on the governing efforts that are used in design of the structural elements. Soil structure interaction it is not just about the coupling of the soil and the structure, but also studying the effect of construction phase change between the adjacent buildings. The elastic settlements are going to be calculated using analytical solution, Boussinesq iterative solution, and elastic solution of Abaqus finite element model, then will be coupled as springs that model soil elastic half space (EHS) to check the impact of SSI.

This paper deals with the polymer composite material unique properties on self-restoration after ultimate compressive loads application. Material is based on polydimethylsiloxane elastomeric matrix with carbonyl iron particles isotropic fillers in concentration 75% wt. This composite mechanical characteristic ranges were studied in comparison with the characteristics of conventional polymer based on silicone elastomer without the fillers. The investigated material, the so-called magneto-elastic, demonstrated ability to self-restore its shape after extreme loads removal is a promising direction for the revealed unique property use and will probably be demanded for application in number fields of science and technology. The tests were carried out on an electromechanical testing machine. These materials investigating various compression modes results summarized as: the strain diagrams changes at different load ranges were plotted, the characteristics changes in their deformation properties were analyzed, the compression deformation linear and nonlinear characteristics limits were determined. The proposed compression method in various modes made it possible to determine the load changes ranges causing both irreversible changes in the conventional polymer based on silicone elastomer and its further destruction and the unique capability for self-recovery in a composite material, the so-called magneto-elastic, after similar types ultimate loads application to it.

The Fourier harmonics, v 2 and v 3 of negative pions are measured at center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of s NN = 17.3 GeV around midrapidity by the CERES/NA45 experiment at the CERN SPS in 0–30% central PbAu collisions with a mean centrality of 5.5%. The analysis is performed in two centrality bins as a function of the transverse momentum p T from 0.05 GeV/ c to more than 2 GeV/ c . This is the first measurement of the v 3 1 / 3 / v 2 1 / 2 ratio as a function of transverse momentum at SPS energies, that reveals, independently of the hydrodynamic models, hydrodynamic behavior of the formed system. For p T above 0.5 GeV/ c , the ratio is nearly flat in accordance with the hydrodynamic prediction and as previously observed by the ATLAS and ALICE experiments at the much higher LHC energies. The results are also compared with the SMASH-vHLLE hybrid model predictions, as well as with the SMASH model applied alone.