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"Angus, Lynne E"
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METAPHORIC EXPRESSIVENESS WITHIN THE PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC RELATIONSHIP: A QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS
The purpose of this study was to describe and represent both the patient's and therapist's experience of metaphoric expression in psychotherapy. In terms of methodology, a qualitative research approach was adopted in order to tap the interactional nature of the evolving therapeutic dialogue. Four patient-therapist dyads, representing a variety of therapeutic approaches, were recruited to participate in the study. The qualitative analysis of eleven metaphor sequences, which had been selected from target psychotherapy sessions, resulted in the delineation of two major patterns or categories. First of all, each metaphor selected for analysis in this study was found to be embedded in an associated context of meaning for either one or both of the participants during the psychotherapy session. This meaning context operated like a gestalt in which a network of related visual images, memories, emotional responses and role relationships were evoked by the verbal expression of a specific metaphor in the session. It was apparent that one of the major organizing principles of the meaning context was the set of particular role relationships which underscored the network of visual images and recollected memories which were regularly associated with the metaphor. Secondly, those dyads which exemplified an attitude of collaboration between patient and therapist also seemed to generate an atmosphere of discovery in the therapy session such that the participants co-elaborated their covert world of associated images, ideas and recollections to one another in the psychotherapy dialogue. In contrast, in those dyads in which there was not an atmosphere of collaboration or discovery between the participants it was more likely that the meaning context associated with a particular metaphor would remain undisclosed to the other participant in the psychotherapy session. This lack of collaboration in the psychotherapeutic relationship often resulted in the development of a communication disjunction or misunderstanding. It was concluded that fundamental aspects of the complex interaction between patient and therapist were successfully tapped and represented in this qualitative study of the metaphoric communication process.
Dissertation
Fructose Metabolism in the Adult Mouse Optic Nerve, A Central White Matter Tract
Our recent report that fructose supported the metabolism of some, but not all axons, in the adult mouse optic nerve prompted us to investigate in detail fructose metabolism in this tissue, a typical central white matter tract, as these data imply efficient fructose metabolism in the central nervous system (CNS). In artificial cerebrospinal fluid containing 10 mmol/L glucose or 20 mmol/L fructose, the stimulus-evoked compound action potential (CAP) recorded from the optic nerve consisted of three stable peaks. Replacing 10 mmol/L glucose with 10 mmol/L fructose, however, caused delayed loss of the 1st CAP peak (the 2nd and 3rd CAP peaks were unaffected). Glycogen-derived metabolic substrate(s) temporarily sustained the 1st CAP peak in 10 mmol/L fructose, as depletion of tissue glycogen by a prior period of aglycaemia or high-frequency CAP discharge rendered fructose incapable of supporting the 1st CAP peak. Enzyme assays showed the presence of both hexokinase and fructokinase (both of which can phosphorylate fructose) in the optic nerve. In contrast, only hexokinase was expressed in cerebral cortex. Hexokinase in optic nerve had low affinity and low capacity with fructose as substrate, whereas fructokinase displayed high affinity and high capacity for fructose. These findings suggest an explanation for the curious fact that the fast conducting axons comprising the 1st peak of the CAP are not supported in 10 mmol/L fructose medium; these axons probably do not express fructokinase, a requirement for efficient fructose metabolism.
Journal Article
Science-Driven Optimization of the LSST Observing Strategy
The Large Synoptic Survey Telescope is designed to provide an unprecedented optical imaging dataset that will support investigations of our Solar System, Galaxy and Universe, across half the sky and over ten years of repeated observation. However, exactly how the LSST observations will be taken (the observing strategy or \"cadence\") is not yet finalized. In this dynamically-evolving community white paper, we explore how the detailed performance of the anticipated science investigations is expected to depend on small changes to the LSST observing strategy. Using realistic simulations of the LSST schedule and observation properties, we design and compute diagnostic metrics and Figures of Merit that provide quantitative evaluations of different observing strategies, analyzing their impact on a wide range of proposed science projects. This is work in progress: we are using this white paper to communicate to each other the relative merits of the observing strategy choices that could be made, in an effort to maximize the scientific value of the survey. The investigation of some science cases leads to suggestions for new strategies that could be simulated and potentially adopted. Notably, we find motivation for exploring departures from a spatially uniform annual tiling of the sky: focusing instead on different parts of the survey area in different years in a \"rolling cadence\" is likely to have significant benefits for a number of time domain and moving object astronomy projects. The communal assembly of a suite of quantified and homogeneously coded metrics is the vital first step towards an automated, systematic, science-based assessment of any given cadence simulation, that will enable the scheduling of the LSST to be as well-informed as possible.
Paper
“No lo entiendo”: la búsqueda de sentido emocional y coherencia personal ante una pérdida traumática durante la infancia
La organización narrativa de emociones y estados perturbadores facilita un procesamiento reflexivo de recuerdos emotivos que permite llevar a cabo una exploración de los mismos desde diversos puntos de vista o perspectivas relacionales. Cabe destacar que los cambios del modo interno (diferenciación emocional) al externo (construcción de significado) parecen ser claves a la hora de hacer emerger nuevas formas más satisfactorias y coherentes de entender viejas historias. Greenberg (2002) sostiene que un terapeuta que trabaja con el Proceso Experiencial opera como un entrenador de emociones de su cliente. Basándonos en el presente estudio, se puede decir que las intervenciones de la terapeuta dirigidas tanto hacia la diferenciación emocional (interno) como hacia la construcción reflexiva de significado son esenciales para que la terapia sea productiva.
Journal Article