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"Archer, Robert P"
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Physical Attractiveness and Maladjustment Among Psychiatric Inpatients
The few investigations of the relationship between physical attractiveness and psychosocial functioning among clinical groups have typically employed small samples of female patients who varied widely in length of hospitalization at the time of study The present investigation examined the relationship between physical attractiveness, rated by both self and independent observers, and indices of maladjustment for 34 male and 42 female newly admitted psychiatric inpatients. The measures of personality and psychopathology included clinical diagnosis (schizophrenic vs nonschizophrenic), chronicity, the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), and measures of trait anxiety and locus of control. When patients' age and socioeconomic status were controlled for, lower levels of observer-rated physical attractiveness were associated with a diagnosis of schizophrenia, and with less trait anxiety and more frequent and longer prior hospitalizations. In a multivariate analysis, however, the latter indices did not improve upon the prediction of attractiveness beyond that obtained with control variables and clinical diagnosis. Patients who rated themselves as less attractive reported more social introversion, greater externality, and less chronicity, and obtained higher scores on trait anxiety and on MMPI scales D, Pd, and Pi. The optimal multivariate prediction of self-perceived attractiveness was attained by the first three of these variables Findings are discussed in terms of a conceptual model relating physical attractiveness to the development of psychopathology.
Journal Article