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Background Exposure to trauma is widespread and has significant implications for health outcomes and healthcare delivery. Comprehensive Trauma-Informed Care (TIC) recognizes the prevalence and impact of trauma and seeks to create policies, practices, and environments grounded in safety, trust, collaboration, choice, and empowerment. University Health, a large academic medical center in San Antonio, Texas, launched a comprehensive initiative to embed TIC principles system-wide, positioning itself as both an educator and a provider of trauma-informed practices. Methods Guided by the 10 key development areas defined by the Institute on Trauma and Trauma-Informed Care (ITTIC), University Health initiated its comprehensive TIC transformation in 2020. The organization established an internal Trauma-Informed Care Workgroup, provided staff and community training, integrated TIC into organizational policies and procedures, created peer support and wellness initiatives, and implemented trauma screening and treatment protocols. Evaluation methods included biennial administration of the TICS-10 (Trauma-Informed Climate Scale) and qualitative feedback from Schwartz Rounds participants. Results Over five years, University Health trained more than 130 TIC Advocates, updated over 90 policies with trauma-informed language, and launched programs supporting staff well-being and patient-centered care. In 2024, University Health became the first major health system in Bexar County to earn local Level 1 TIC certification. TICS-10 scores improved from 34.1 (low) in 2020 to 35.0 (moderate) in 2024, indicating progress in creating a trauma-informed work environment. Schwartz Rounds sentiment analysis showed 71% of comments were positive, highlighting increased empathy, connection, and validation among staff members. Conclusions University Health’s experience demonstrates that comprehensive, system-wide trauma-informed transformation is achievable in large healthcare settings. Through leadership support, cross-departmental collaboration, and intentional policy and practice change, TIC principles were embedded into organizational culture. An impartial certification process and program evaluation data validated the impact of the initiative, although continued efforts are needed to assess long-term outcomes on patient care and staff well-being. This case study offers a replicable model for other health systems pursuing trauma-informed organizational change.

In coffee ( Coffea arabica L.), male sterility is a prerequisite for the exploitation of heterosis since it provides an efficient and reliable method for the production of hybrid seeds. Given its relevance, the objective of this study was to identify male-sterile genotypes within the Colombian Coffee Collection that can be used in genetic improvement. For this purpose, Ethiopian germplasm and progenies derived from hybrids between C . arabica x C . canephora were explored between 2017 and 2021. In the first stage, genotypes without visual presence of pollen were preselected in the field, followed by selection through staining and verification of male sterility and female fertility through directed crosses (directed, reciprocal and selfing). In this stage, 9,753 trees were explored, preselecting 2.4% due to visual absence of pollen. The staining of structures allowed us to confirm the lack or sporadic production of pollen in 23 individuals of Ethiopian origin. The results of the directed crosses led to the identification of 11 male-sterile and 12 partially male-sterile genotypes belonging to 15 accessions. In all cases, the individuals were characterized by the presence of anthers but with an absence or low content of pollen, which is why the male sterility is possibly of the sporogenic type. The female receptivity values were between 2.9% and 72.6%, being higher than 30% in five genotypes. These genotypes are a valuable tool for the genetic improvement of C . arabica with the potential to facilitate the use of heterosis and to allow a deeper understanding the development of male gametophytes in the species.

Grapevine berry quality for winemaking depends on complex and dynamic relationships between the plant and the environment. Winemakers around the world are demanding a better understanding of the factors that influence berry growth and development. In the last decades, an increment in air temperature, CO 2 concentration and dryness occurred in wine-producing regions, affecting the physiology and the biochemistry of grapevines, and by consequence the berry quality. The scientific community mostly agrees in a further raise as a result of climate change during the rest of the century. As a consequence, areas most suitable for viticulture are likely to shift into higher altitudes where mean temperatures are suitable for grape cultivation. High altitude can be defined as the minimum altitude at which the grapevine growth and development are differentially affected. At these high altitudes, the environments are characterized by high thermal amplitudes and great solar radiations, especially ultraviolet-B (UV-B). This review summarizes the environmental contribution of global high altitude-related climatic variables to the grapevine physiology and wine composition, for a better evaluation of the possible establishment of vineyards at high altitude in climate change scenarios.

In this work, we determined the diversity and dynamics of the gut virome of infants during the first year of life. Fecal samples were collected monthly, from birth to one year of age, from three healthy children living in a semi-rural village in Mexico. Most of the viral reads were classified into six families of bacteriophages including five dsDNA virus families of the order Caudovirales , with Siphoviridae and Podoviridae being the most abundant. Eukaryotic viruses were detected as early as two weeks after birth and remained present all along the first year of life. Thirty-four different eukaryotic virus families were found, where eight of these families accounted for 98% of all eukaryotic viral reads: Anelloviridae , Astroviridae , Caliciviridae , Genomoviridae , Parvoviridae , Picornaviridae , Reoviridae and the plant-infecting viruses of the Virgaviridae family. Some viruses in these families are known human pathogens, and it is surprising that they were found during the first year of life in infants without gastrointestinal symptoms. The eukaryotic virus species richness found in this work was higher than that observed in previous studies; on average between 7 and 24 virus species were identified per sample. The richness and abundance of the eukaryotic virome significantly increased during the second semester of life, probably because of an increased environmental exposure of infants with age. Our findings suggest an early and permanent contact of infants with a diverse array of bacteriophages and eukaryotic viruses, whose composition changes over time. The bacteriophages and eukaryotic viruses found in these children could represent a metastable virome, whose potential influence on the development of the infant’s immune system or on the health of the infants later in life, remains to be investigated.

The Special Procedures of the Human Rights Council fulfil their mandates by performing certain tasks as independent experts, with the responsibility to investigate human rights situations wherever they occur. They are required to take measures to monitor and respond quickly to allegations of human rights violations on behalf of the international community. Catalonia’s pro-sovereignty process and the referendum held there on 1 October 2017 – despite having been declared illegal and suspended by Spain’s Constitutional Court – had several judicial consequences, including trials, arrests and detentions. As a result, several sources submitted information to certain Special Procedures for them to communicate to the government of Spain their allegations of violations of the human rights of persons subject to judicial persecution. The Spanish government responded to each of these communications, consistently noting that the allegations referred to judicial actions ordered within the framework of the Spanish Constitution and laws, in accordance with Spain’s status as a democratic state governed by the rule of law.

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused over 68.7 million infections and 1.35 million deaths in South America. There are limited data on SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity and its determinants from Andean countries prior to mass vaccinations against COVID-19. To estimate SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity and its determinants before vaccination in occupational groups of adults presumed to have different levels of exposure and associations with potential symptomatology. We measured seropositivity of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in a cross-sectional study of vaccine-naïve adults aged 18 years and older, recruited within three occupational risk groups (defined as low [LR], moderate [MR], and high [HR]) between January and September 2021 in two Andean cities in Ecuador. Associations with risk factors were estimated using logistic regression. In a sample of 882 adults, IgG seropositivity for the three different occupational risk groups was 39.9% (CI 95% 35.3-44.6), 74.6% (CI 95% 66.4-81.4), and 39.0% (CI 95% 34.0-44.4) for the HR, MR, and LR groups, respectively. History of an illness with loss of taste and/or smell was significantly associated with seropositivity in all occupational groups, with adjusted ORs of 14.31 (95%CI, 5.83-35.12; p<0.001), 14.34 (95%CI 3.01-68.42; p<0.001), and 8.79 (95%CI 2.69-28.72; p<0.001), for the HR, MR, and LR groups, respectively; while fever was significant for the LR group with an adjusted OR of 1.24 (95%CI, 1.11-4.57; p = 0.025) and myalgia for the HR group with an adjusted OR of 2.07 (95%CI, 1.13-3.81; p = 0.019). Notable proportions of seropositivity were seen in all occupational groups between January and September 2021 prior to mass vaccination. Loss of taste and/or smell was strongly associated with presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies irrespective of presumed occupational exposure risk.

The risk of spread of African swine fever virus (ASFV) from Russia and Caucasian areas to several EU countries has recently emerged, making it imperative to improve our knowledge and defensive tools against this important pathogen. The ASFV genome encodes many genes which are not essential for virus replication but are known to control host immune evasion, such as NFκB and the NFAT regulator A238L, the apoptosis inhibitor A224L, the MHC-I antigen presenting modulator EP153R, and the A276R gene, involved in modulating type I IFN. These genes are hypothesized to be involved in virulence of the genotype I parental ASFV NH/P68. We here describe the generation of putative live attenuated vaccines (LAV) prototypes by constructing recombinant NH/P68 viruses lacking these specific genes and containing specific markers.

Using a metagenomic sequencing approach, we described and compared the diversity and dynamics of the oropharyngeal and fecal eukaryotic virome of nine asymptomatic children in a semi-rural community setting located in the State of Morelos, Mexico. Ninety oropharyngeal swabs and 97 fecal samples were collected starting 2 weeks after birth and monthly thereafter until 12 months of age. In both niches, more than 95% of the total sequence reads were represented by viruses that replicate either in humans or in plants. Regarding human viruses, three families were most abundant and frequent in the oropharynx: Herpesviridae, Picornaviridae, and Reoviridae ; in fecal samples, four virus families predominated: Caliciviridae, Picornaviridae, Reoviridae, and Anelloviridae. Both niches showed a high abundance of plant viruses of the family Virgaviridae . Differences in the frequency and abundance of sequence reads and diversity of virus species were observed in both niches and throughout the year of study, with some viruses already present in the first months of life. Our results suggest that the children’s virome is dynamic and likely shaped by the environment, feeding, and age. Moreover, composition analysis suggests that the virome composition is mostly individual. Whether this constant exposition to different viruses has a long-term impact on children’s health or development remains to be studied.

This article reviews recent anthropological and sociological findings and discussions surrounding the possible impacts of international migration on family dynamics in the home—both for rural and indigenous people—in Mexico. Because one of the major changes has to do with the escalation of female migration, as well as the circumstances facing those women who stay behind, this article emphasizes the position of women in the realm of international migration from a gendered perspective.

Huntington’s disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disease for which there is no curative treatment available. Given that the endocannabinoid system is involved in the pathogenesis of HD mouse models, stimulation of specific targets within this signaling system has been investigated as a promising therapeutic agent in HD. We conducted a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over pilot clinical trial with Sativex ® , a botanical extract with an equimolecular combination of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol. Both Sativex ® and placebo were dispensed as an oral spray, to be administered up to 12 sprays/day for 12 weeks. The primary objective was safety, assessed by the absence of more severe adverse events (SAE) and no greater deterioration of motor, cognitive, behavioral and functional scales during the phase of active treatment. Secondary objectives were clinical improvement of Unified Huntington Disease Rating Scale scores. Twenty-six patients were randomized and 24 completed the trial. After ruling-out period and sequence effects, safety and tolerability were confirmed. No differences on motor ( p  = 0.286), cognitive ( p  = 0.824), behavioral ( p  = 1.0) and functional ( p  = 0.581) scores were detected during treatment with Sativex ® as compared to placebo. No significant molecular effects were detected on the biomarker analysis. Sativex ® is safe and well tolerated in patients with HD, with no SAE or clinical worsening. No significant symptomatic effects were detected at the prescribed dosage and for a 12-week period. Also, no significant molecular changes were observed on the biomarkers. Future study designs should consider higher doses, longer treatment periods and/or alternative cannabinoid combinations. Clincaltrals.gov identifier: NCT01502046