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Background Economic abuse is a unique form of intimate partner violence (IPV) and includes behaviors that control a survivor’s ability to acquire, use, and maintain resources. These tactics can result in someone becoming economically dependent on their partner and may limit their ability to leave the relationship and establish independence. The aim of this study was to conduct a scoping review focused on the impact of economic abuse on survivors of IPV. Methods A total of 14 databases were reviewed, which resulted in 35 peer-reviewed manuscripts for inclusion in the study. Manuscripts were included if they were: written in English, published since the year 2000, focused specifically on the impact of economic abuse perpetrated by an intimate partner, economic abuse was measured as an independent variable, and if economic abuse was looked at separately from other forms of IPV. Both convenience and population-based samples were included in the review. Information was extracted using a data charting form. The data were analyzed using a combination of grouping techniques and constant comparison methods to identify key findings. Results Studies found significant associations between economic abuse and a range of outcomes, such as mental and physical health, financial impacts, parent-child interactions, and quality of life. The most frequently examined were mental health, followed by financial issues. Conclusions Limitations of these studies included a lack of longitudinal research and a focus on heterosexual relationships with male-perpetrated violence toward female survivors. Study findings highlight the wide-ranging potential impacts of economic abuse on survivors and the need for additional research to better understand potential outcomes and implement and evaluate interventions to address them.

As governments, organizations and individuals around the world have become increasingly interested in issues of income and pay inequality, including gender- and race-based pay gaps, pay communication and transparency have come to the fore due to their potential for shedding light on, and hopefully helping to remedy, unfair pay inequities. This has led to greater scientific interest in how organizations communicate about pay and in understanding employees pay communication preferences in different countries around the world. This article reviews the global research on pay communication, providing takeaways for HR managers. It warns that the existing studies have spanned several related but distinct concepts and have not always used consistent methods and terminologies. We suggest several areas for future research in global pay communications.

Evidence from health services research (HSR) is currently thinly spread through many journals, making it difficult for health services researchers, managers and policy-makers to find research on clinical practice guidelines and the appropriateness, process, outcomes, cost and economics of health care services. We undertook to develop and test search terms to retrieve from the MEDLINE database HSR articles meeting minimum quality standards. The retrieval performance of 7445 methodologic search terms and phrases in MEDLINE (the test) were compared with a hand search of the literature (the gold standard) for each issue of 68 journal titles for the year 2000 (a total of 25,936 articles). We determined sensitivity, specificity and precision (the positive predictive value) of the MEDLINE search strategies. A majority of the articles that were classified as outcome assessment, but fewer than half of those in the other categories, were considered methodologically acceptable (no methodologic criteria were applied for cost studies). Combining individual search terms to maximize sensitivity, while keeping specificity at 50% or more, led to sensitivities in the range of 88.1% to 100% for several categories (specificities ranged from 52.9% to 97.4%). When terms were combined to maximize specificity while keeping sensitivity at 50% or more, specificities of 88.8% to 99.8% were achieved. When terms were combined to maximize sensitivity and specificity while minimizing the differences between the 2 measurements, most strategies for HSR categories achieved sensitivity and specificity of at least 80%. Sensitive and specific search strategies were validated for retrieval of HSR literature from MEDLINE. These strategies have been made available for public use by the US National Library of Medicine at www.nlm.nih.gov/nichsr/hedges/search.html.

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate how temporary agency workers’ job attitudes are influenced by the fulfilment of the psychological contract; a set of employees’ expectations, formed with the temporary work agency and its client: the host organisation. Design/methodology/approach – The paper estimated moderated regressions with data collected through an online survey of 352 temporary agency workers employed by a large temporary work agency in Switzerland. Findings – Results suggest that temporary agency workers’ job satisfaction, commitment towards the host organisation, and intentions to stay with the temporary work agency relate positively to the fulfilment of the psychological contract by both organisations. Additionally, reported spill-over-effects imply that the fulfilment of the psychological contract by one organisation moderates job attitudes towards the other organisations. Research limitations/implications – Results of the explorative study reveal that future research should consider the interrelated nature of psychological contracts in working arrangements when multiple employers are involved. However, for more generalisable results, a greater international sample, including different temporary work agencies, would be favourable. Practical implications – Findings will help temporary work agencies to better understand how they rely on host organisations to fulfil the temporary agency workers’ psychological contract to attract and retain temporary agency workers. Originality/value – This paper contributes to the literature in the understudied field of non-traditional work arrangements as one of the few to examine these spill-over-effects both empirically and theoretically.

Purpose: To use prior qualitative studies and pertinent research to develop and pilot a survey for female distance runners to assess their perspectives toward health as related to sport and the factors impacting their eating behaviors. Methods: The Runner's Health Choices Questionnaire (RHCQ) was developed using themes from prior research. A panel of experts reviewed the survey to determine validity. The RHCQ was then pilot tested by female cross-country runners at six colleges/universities. Results: Face and content validity were established. Twenty-six female cross-country runners completed the pilot study. Runners did not suggest changes to the survey. Minimal changes in wording were needed based on survey review and data analysis. Conclusions: A novel quantitative survey on health attitudes and dietary behaviors of the female distance runner was developed. The RHCQ is a valid, brief, and easily accessible tool that health care providers could incorporate into practice to assess the reasons behind athletes' dietary choices and perspectives of health behaviors. [Athletic Training & Sports Health Care. 2020;12(2):74–80.]

OBJECTIVESA nonroutine event (NRE) is defined as any event that deviates from ideal clinical care for a given patient in a specific clinical situation. We sought to compare anesthesia providers’ reporting of NREs with the incidence of significant physiological disturbances (SPDs) detected via retrospective videotape review. SPD criteria were defined prestudy to be deviations of physiological parameters (heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and oxygen saturation) requiring clinical intervention. We hypothesized that SPDs would occur more frequently in NRE cases than in routine (no reported NRE) cases. METHODSA trained observer reviewed videotapes of anesthesia care from 16 randomly selected NRE-containing and 16 matched routine cases for SPD occurrence using custom software. Data were analyzed using nonparametric tests. RESULTSAlthough a preponderance of the anesthetic in both types of cases were uneventful (i.e., free of SPD in 97 ± 1.6% of routine case time versus 89 ± 3.9% of NRE case time), there was at least one SPD episode in 69% of routine and 88% of NRE cases. NRE-containing cases had significantly more SPDs than routine cases (1.4 ± 0.9 SPDs/case hour for NRE versus 0.8 ± 0.3 for routine cases). Twice as many SPDs during NRE-containing cases were clinically related to a reported NRE as opposed to unrelated. CONCLUSIONSSPDs occur more often in NRE-containing cases. The incidence of approximately one NRE-independent SPD per case was similar in NRE-containing and routine case. Further research is needed to ascertain the relationship of both NREs and SPDs to patient outcomes.

O presente trabalho propõe uma análise crítica do conceito psicanalítico de sublimação, explorando trilhas que permitam alçar novas perspectivas para sua compreensão. A partir do texto “O Eu e o Isso” de 1923, sob o viés da segunda tópica, identificou-se a relação entre a noção de Pulsão de Morte e o conceito de sublimação. Isso permite conceber a sublimação como um processo desorganizador do circuito narcísico-pulsional do sujeito que, ao contrário de conduzir imediatamente a recursos defensivos e à fixação psicopatológica, leva a uma experiência de desterritorialização subjetiva. Por esta análise, a sublimação diz muito sobre a plasticidade psíquica, sobre a relação dos sujeitos com a diferença e o novo suscitados pela experiência estética, na contramão da ideia de uma “purificação pulsional” frente ao sexual, conforme vislumbrado por Freud na esteira da primeira tópica.

Este artigo problematiza a condição traumatogênica da modernidade no que tange às experiências de choque e à paixão pelo Real tematizadas por autores como Christoph Türcke e Slavoj Zizek que, em nossa hipótese, se “encarnam” em fenômenos como das Bodymodifications. Para tanto, propõe-se um diálogo entre Psicanálise e as injunções histórico-culturais contemporâneas, munido de uma análise-interpretativa do material colhido no site www.bmezine.com. Entende-se que a economia pulsional ligada a tais práticas é correlata ao trauma e ao vício como compulsão a repetição: as feridas autoimpingidas pelos adeptos situam uma tentativa, ainda que inócua, de ligar o excesso energético. Sob uma explícita expressão do amalgama dialético entre pulsão de morte e pulsão de vida emerge o fracasso do princípio de prazer.

The aim of this study is to investigate whether trust in one's employer and also perceived employability are able to reduce employees' perceived post-restructuring job insecurity. Both, quantitative job insecurity (insecurity over the continuity of a job) and qualitative job insecurity (insecurity over the continuity of valued aspects of the job) are examined. Based on Lazarus' theory of stress, we predict that employees' trust in their employer, perceived levels of employability and the combination effect impacts employees' perceived post-restructuring quantitative and qualitative job insecurity. Results taken from a sample of 377 employees working in Switzerland who survived restructuring mostly support these hypotheses. In general, employees with a high level of trust in their employer and high level of perceived employability show lower post-restructuring quantitative and qualitative job insecurity. Moreover, results suggest a potentially important role for the multiplicative effects of trust in one's employer and perceived employability regarding the perception of qualitative job insecurity. Implications for both research and practice are discussed. [PUB ABSTRACT]