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We theoretically reveal the unusual features of the Josephson effect in a strained zigzag graphene nanoribbon with a small length relative to the superconducting coherence length and an arbitrary width. We find a step-wise variation of the critical supercurrent with the width of the nanoribbon, showing additional small width plateaus placed between the broad steps of an unstrained structure. We further demonstrate the peculiar quantization of the critical supercurrent in terms of the strain, resulted from the coupling of the pseudospin of Dirac fermions with the strain-induced gauge potential, where the height of the steps decreases with growing the strength of the fictitious gauge potential. Moreover, our results determine the potential of the proposed superconducting quantum point contact for the realization of the supercurrent switch under an applied strain. Besides, we find the local density of states of the strained zigzag nanoribbon displays a crossover between the decaying and oscillating behavior with the distance from the edges, by tuning the width and Fermi wavelength of the nanoribbon.

A hallmark of graphene is its unusual conical band structure that leads to a zero-energy band gap at a single Dirac crossing point. By measuring the spectral function of charge carriers in quasi-freestanding graphene with angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, we showed that at finite doping, this well-known linear Dirac spectrum does not provide a full description of the charge-carrying excitations. We observed composite \"plasmaron\" particles, which are bound states of charge carriers with plasmons, the density oscillations of the graphene electron gas. The Dirac crossing point is resolved into three crossings: the first between pure charge bands, the second between pure plasmaron bands, and the third a ring-shaped crossing between charge and plasmaron bands.

The latest research suggests that strain can be utilized to engineer the electronic states of Weyl semimetals (WSMs) through creating a pseudo-magnetic field B el . The response of strained WSMs to a real time-varying electric field E with E ⊥ B el can cause spatial chirality and charge separation in WSMs, i.e., the chiral Hall effect (CHE). Herein, the photonic spin Hall effect (PSHE) modified by CHE in strained WSM thin films is studied. We show that the in-plane and transverse photonic spin-dependent shifts (⟨Δ x + ⟩ and ⟨Δ y + ⟩) can be tuned to be more than 400 and 50 times of incident wavelength, respectively, at the angular frequency being close to the cyclotron frequency of massless fermions in the pseudo-magnetic field. In order to enhance the PSHE, epsilon-near-zero materials take priority of being as the substrates of WSM films. Besides, both ⟨Δ x + ⟩ and ⟨Δ y + ⟩ generally give extreme values around incident angles at which Fresnel reflection coefficients exhibit local minimums, whereas an inversion-symmetry breaking with nonzero axial chemical potential may break this generality. Finally, one possible experimental strategy for observing this CHE tuned PSHE is schemed, which may provide a pristine optical technique to precisely engineer and detect the strain in topological materials.

Collective modes of doped two-dimensional crystalline materials, namely graphene, MoS 2 and phosphorene, both monolayer and bilayer structures, are explored using the density functional theory simulations together with the random phase approximation. The many-body dielectric functions of the materials are calculated using an ab initio based model involving material-realistic physical properties. Having calculated the electron energy-loss, we calculate the collective modes of each material considering the in-phase and out-of-phase modes for bilayer structures. Furthermore, owing to many band structures and intreband transitions, we also find high-energy excitations in the systems. We explain that the material-specific dielectric function considering the polarizability of the crystalline material such as MoS 2 are needed to obtain realistic plasmon dispersions. For each material studied here, we find different collective modes and describe their physical origins.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of periocular filler injection on the incidence of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT). Case Report: A 41‐year‐old woman without a prior medical history experienced a severe headache and subsequent seizures following an eye filler injection. Diagnosis of CVT was confirmed through brain magnetic resonance venography (MRV), revealing thrombosis in the left transverse and upper sagittal sinuses. The patient was treated with intravenous heparin and oral warfarin, leading to improvement and discharge in good condition after 10 days of hospitalization. Conclusion: This case underscores the potential risk of CVT following periocular filler injections, emphasizing the need for awareness and preventive measures among medical professionals.

The origins of the spin-orbit torque (SOT) at ferromagnet/topological insulator interfaces are incompletely understood. The theory has overwhelmingly focussed on the Edelstein effect due to the surface states in the presence of a scalar scattering potential. We investigate here the contribution to the SOT due to extrinsic spin-orbit (SO) scattering of the surface states, focusing on the case of an out-of-plane magnetization. We show that SO scattering brings about a sizable renormalization of the field-like SOT, which exceeds 20 % at larger strengths of the extrinsic SO parameter. The resulting SOT exhibits a maximum as a function of the Fermi energy, magnetization, and extrinsic SO strength. The field-like SOT decreases with increasing disorder strength, while the damping-like SOT is independent of the impurity density. With experimental observation in mind we also determine the role of extrinsic SO scattering on the anomalous Hall effect. Our results suggest extrinsic SO scattering is a significant contributor to the surface SOT stemming from the Edelstein effect when the magnetization is out of the plane.

Inflammation and immune mediators exacerbate COVID-19; turmeric and ginger possess antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties that may mitigate this response. This study compared the effects of turmeric and ginger on inflammatory markers in patients with COVID-19. This triple-blind randomized clinical trial enrolled 144 COVID-19 outpatients at Kowsar Hospital (Semnan, Iran) in 2021. Participants were randomly allocated to group C (turmeric), group G (ginger), or group P (placebo) using blocked randomization and consumed three 500 mg tablets daily for five days (15 tablets total). Inflammatory markers—lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cell count (WBC), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)—were measured at baseline and on day 6. LDH and WBC levels did not differ significantly among groups (p = 0.349 and p = 0.663, respectively). Changes in CRP and ESR varied significantly across groups (p < 0.001), with greater reductions observed in the turmeric and ginger groups compared to the placebo group (p < 0.001), and no difference between the turmeric and ginger groups (CRP: p = 0.263; ESR: p > 0.99). Turmeric and ginger exerted equivalent anti-inflammatory effects; therefore, either agent may serve as a complementary therapy alongside standard treatment to reduce CRP and ESR in COVID-19 outpatients. Trial registration Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials, Trial No IRCT20120109008665N14. Registered 31/08/2021.

Background Polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M-protein, skin changes syndrome is a rare paraneoplastic disorder often presenting with atypical manifestations, making diagnosis challenging. This case is novel due to the rare presentation of essential thrombocythemia as the initial manifestation of polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M-protein, skin changes syndrome. Furthermore, it highlights the remarkable therapeutic response, achieving a complete remission following treatment with the bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, dexamethasone regimen, underscoring this combination therapy’s efficacy in managing such complex cases. Case presentation A 65-year-old Iranian woman presented with fatigue, headache, and thrombocytosis, leading to a diagnosis of essential thrombocythemia. Over time, her condition progressed with the development of neuropathy and persistence of thrombocytosis, which warranted further investigation. Imaging revealed multiple lymphadenopathies, sclerotic bone lesions, and ascitic fluid, raising suspicion for a plasma cell dyscrasia. Bone marrow biopsy, lymph node biopsy, and elevated vascular endothelial growth factor levels confirmed the diagnosis of polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M-protein, skin changes syndrome. The patient was treated with bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, dexamethasone chemotherapy regimen, resulting in complete symptom relief, normalization of the complete blood count, and significant improvement in imaging findings. Conclusion This case highlights the need to recognize atypical polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M-protein, skin changes syndrome presentations, such as essential thrombocythemia, for timely diagnosis and underscores the bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, dexamethasone regimen’s efficacy in achieving complete remission.

Background The internship setting is a highly challenging one for nursing students, and working in such an environment requires adjustment. Knowledge of the adjustment strategies used by students enhances the body of nursing knowledge and can help nursing officials adopt appropriate decisions to strengthen the students’ effective adjustment skills and increase the benefits reaped from their internship. The present study was conducted to explore the strategies used by nursing students to adjust to internship. Methods A total of 19 senior nursing interns (7 Female, and 12 Male) were selected by purposive sampling with maximum variation from one of the nursing and midwifery schools affiliated to a large metropolitan medical university in northern Iran. Data were collected using audio-taped semi-structured face-to-face interviews over an 18-month period and were carefully transcribed and analyzed using the Graneheim & Lundman qualitative conventional content analysis approach. The researchers analyzed the data in MAXQDA 10 software. Results Four main categories and eight subcategories emerged from the data analysis. Main categories include efforts to achieve clinical competency, efforts to be sociable or accepted, self-management and reaction to conflicts. Conclusion All the participants attempted to attain adjustment by adopting strategies such as achieving clinical competence, trying to be sociable or accepted, self-management, and reaction to conflicts depending on the conditions of internship. Officials should help nursing students use effective strategies and achieve adjustment.

Introduction Pregnant nurses often adopt a “prioritizing the fetus” mindset, balancing their professional duties with health concerns. They must adjust to manage, learn, and adapt to new circumstances. This study explores pregnant nurses’ adjustment strategies to continue providing nursing care. Materials and methods This was a qualitative conventional content analysis. Eighteen participants, including 14 pregnant nurses and four nursing managers (two head nurses and two supervisors), were involved in the study. To achieve rich and adequate data, the aim was to achieve maximum variation in terms of age, educational level, departments, and different stages of pregnancy. Data collection tools included in-depth, semi-structured interviews, observations, and field notes based on the central research question. Data analysis was conducted using the Graneheim and Lundman method. MAXQDA version 2020 software was utilized for data management. Results After analyzing the collected data, five categories emerged: “Strategic Concealment,” “Enhancing patience and tolerance,” “Attention to internal drivers and emotions,” “Efforts to maintain and promote health,” and “Efforts to improve professional performance”. Conclusion In providing nursing care during pregnancy, nurses adopt various strategies to adjust and align their caregiving with their pregnancy status. Achieving these strategies requires adequate support from nursing managers, especially head nurses, who are the closest and most influential figures. Therefore, educating nurses and managers on effective adjustment strategies can be crucial in facilitating the adjustment process. Policy-making and the formulation of adjusted regulations for the employment of pregnant nurses can help alleviate the stress associated with the challenges of the nursing profession. These measures contribute to maintaining nurses’ physical and mental health during pregnancy and enhancing the quality of patient care. Clinical trial number Not applicable.