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Performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) has been addressed widely in the literature. Both developed and developing countries are highly concerned about the growth and performance of SMEs. The literature exploring performance is abundant, however, has certain controversies. To identify the reasons behind those controversies, this study was conducted with the aim being to identify the mediating role of dynamic capabilities which are developed by entrepreneurial networks and entrepreneurial orientation. The study collected the data from a sample of SMEs based in Jordan which were connected through a closed network and were the part of groups. The data was collected via an electronic questionnaire, and100 SMEs were contacted and invited to participate in the survey on a purposive sampling basis. Structural equation modelling was applied to identify the direct impacts and the mediating impact. The findings identified that amongst the chosen firms, entrepreneurial networking has an insignificant impact; however, entrepreneurial orientation has shown a significant positive impact. Furthermore, the mediating role of dynamic capabilities was significant in both the relationships. The findings suggested that the sector should develop strong networks and should consider strategic alliances to gain competitive edge. Future researchers are guided to implement the same framework along with the dimensions of the variable.

Nowadays, the use of virtual reality (VR) for training purposes has increased manifold among organizations due to better integration of both cognitive and emotional dimensions. VR-based training surpasses traditional methods in Industry 4.0 by increasing safety awareness by 30%, enhancing risk perception, and improving self-efficacy. A quasi-experimental study involving 200 participants confirmed the superiority of VR through statistical analysis, highlighting its role in fostering a proactive safety culture and promoting sustainable workplace health. The research primarily focuses on how VR-based training can enhance the sustainability of occupational safety for industrial workers, thereby reducing the likelihood of human errors and industrial accidents. A quasi-experimental design was employed in the current study, with 200 participants divided into two groups: intervention and control. The effectiveness of VR-based training was judged based on participants’ self-efficacy toward leadership support, training resources, and communication channels. Findings revealed statistically significant differences between the groups, as shown by the Mann-Whitney U test. Compared to the control group, the intervention group performed significantly better on several indicators, such as the efficacy of the VR training (mean rank = 30.00) and how participants perceived their ability after completing the OSH training based on VR (mean rank = 74.0); further, the findings from the current study revealed that participants who had VR training resources available felt that these were more accessible and better quality than those in the control group (median = 65) than intervention group (median = 72) significant at ( p  = 000). These results show that VR technology can improve sustainable health and safety measures in the 4.0 industrial sector. Practical implications include encouraging a sustainable, safety-first attitude among coworkers, enhancing the efficacy of workplace sustainable health and safety training, and improving employees’ self-confidence.

In light of the technological advancement and green growth in G7 economies, this research investigates the trends in sustainable development goals (SDGs) as reflected through social and environmental dimensions. Data were collected from 2000 to 2019 with yearly observation for advanced panel estimations.The preliminary finding raises the issues of cross-sectional dependency and slope heterogeneity; thus, we have applied the cross-sectional autoregressive distributed lag(CS-ARDL) model.The long-run findings confirm that technological innovations and green growth encourage environmental sustainability. Moreover, economic growth, green technological innovations, and government effectiveness have significantly promoted social development through higher employment opportunities. Similar results are also observed in the short run; however, the influence is more substantial in the long run. These findings imply that green growth, eco-innovations, and institutional governance are core drivers of SDGs in the long run.

PurposeThe discussion on energy efficiency has been increasing due to the increasing population, emissions of degradable and harmful pollutants, and clean energy substitutes are being developed in order to manage and control the energy requirements all over the world. Against this backdrop, the factors of technological innovation and environmental regulations have been determined as key indicators for the evaluation of sustainable developments and practices in the energy efficiency evaluation studies.Design/methodology/approachA two-stage analysis process has been configured for evaluation of the energy efficiency. The first stage includes the estimation of the Total factor energy efficiency scores using the data envelopment Multiplier input-oriented methodology, while the second stage includes the exploration of the impact of technological innovation and government environmental regulations on the Total factor energy efficiency scores obtained in the first step through the application of a spatial regression model.FindingsThis paper highlights the link between the need for and impact of energy efficiency innovations and shows that the energy efficiency goal can be fulfilled by incorporating laws on sustainability and incorporating strict regulations that allow for the use of clean energy, low carbon energy technologies.Originality/valueThe present study, furthermore, provides evidence from 15 countries, five from three different continents, i.e. Asia, Europe and Africa so that a cross-country performance of these factors can be evaluated. The main contribution of the present study is the evaluation of the technological innovation on energy efficiency. There have been studies evaluating various factors on the development of energy-efficient practices; however, the focus on the role of technological innovation and governmental regulations has been scarce.

PurposeThis study aimed to investigate the impact of total quality practices on knowledge management (KM) processes across a Social Security Corporation (SSC) in Jordan and explore the best approach to improve KM processes using quality management.Design/methodology/approachThis study followed a quantitative methodology: a conceptual model was developed based on an extensive review of the related literature; an online survey was developed and distributed using the SSC's intranet; and 384 surveys were completed and used in the statistical analysis. The two-stage approach of structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to analyze and interpret the data, and was used to validate the conceptual model of this research.FindingsBased on the statistical analysis it was found that six out of seven independent factors relating to quality management practices were confirmed to have a significant impact on the knowledge management processes (KMPs). Building upon the findings an agenda for improving KM processes using quality management is proposed.Originality/valueThis study was conducted in one organization namely the SSC because it is the largest public service organization in Jordan and offers compulsory services. The inclusion of other public organizations and companies may reflect different findings. Future research may collect data from other service industries to get a more comprehensive perspective from developing countries such as Jordan. Moreover, the population of this study included only the General Director, General Director Assistants, and Administrative Managers. Front-line employees were excluded from the data collection because the study was conducted solely from a managerial perspective.

Purpose This study aims to explore if the application of the customer results criteria contained within the King Abdullah II Award for Excellence (KAIIAE) is correlated with high levels of patient satisfaction within a large hospital based in Jordan. Design/methodology/approach Using a mixed methodology, supported by a pragmatist theoretical approach, a satisfaction survey was conducted with patients accessing the hospital as an in-patient across a range of specialities gathering feedback about different aspects of their care. The results were compared with a self-assessment completed by different speciality teams about the existence and maturity of customer result arrangements implemented as a result of the (KAIIAE). Findings The findings confirmed that quality awards such as the KAIIAE can effectively be applied in a health-care setting and can help provide a framework for improving patient experience and satisfaction. A correlation was found with those specialties that self-assessed themselves more highly in terms of these arrangements and the overall levels of patient satisfaction with that specialty, suggesting that the products of working towards the KAIIAE such as establishing effective patient experience monitoring arrangements and improved learning from complaints, has a positive impact on patient satisfaction. Originality/value There are limited studies which focus specifically on customer results and on the use of the KAIIAE more generally. This study therefore makes a valuable contribution in adding to the debate about the strategic value of working towards formal quality improvement models and awards in health-care settings.

PurposeThe main purpose of this study is to examine the role of Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB) accreditation in business education students' leadership motivation and citizenship motivation.Design/methodology/approachThis study followed a quantitative approach: a conceptual model was developed based on an extensive review of the related literature; a questionnaire-based survey was conducted through an online link sent to faculty members and heads of business schools across Jordan which has AACSB accreditation. In total, 307 questionnaire surveys were completed and used in the statistical analysis. The two-stage approach of structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to analyze and interpret the data and used to validate the conceptual model of this research.FindingsThe findings through SEM indicate all five latent constructs of organizational effectiveness have a significant and positive impact on business student citizenship motivation (SCM), whereas for the student leadership motivation (SLM), only student career development (SCD) has an insignificant impact.Research limitations/implicationsSome limitations are associated with the quantitative methods of data analysis, missing demographic details of some respondents, and non-observation of response bias. The study model only includes five latent constructs of organizational effectiveness, which are appropriate to the study population and environment.Originality/valueThis research offers a substantial contribution to the unexplored area of the organizational effectiveness of accreditation and its impact on the student leadership and citizenship, specifically in the context of Jordan. Moreover, as there are few AACSB studies in the Middle East, this research goes some way to address this shortage.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the factors affecting the degree of internationalisation in Jordanian manufacturing firms. Design/methodology/approach: This study has developed a theoretical framework to examine business factors that impact the degree of internationalisation, including organisational culture, international experience, costs, and technological capabilities. Data were collected from 168 manufacturing firms listed by the Jordan Chamber of Industry. Hypotheses were tested using multiple regression analysis. Study Findings: The findings reveal that three factors affect the degree of internationalisation, organisational culture, international experience, and costs. However, technological capabilities are not an influential factor with regard to the degree of internationalisation. Research limitations/implications: As this study investigates the manufacturing sector only, it would be interesting to examine the extent to which empirical findings apply to other sectors and developing countries. This study is a cross-sectional survey based on cause-effect relationships between business factors and the degree of internationalisation; therefore, a longitudinal methodology would be useful for further research. Practical implications: The creation of an analytical framework designed to improve the degree of internationalisation would enhance the integration of technological capabilities, innovation, production, and investment; in addition, it would be of benefit in terms of international expansion. Technological capacity could be improved by integrating it with other internal resources in order to effectively respond to the expansion of international activities. Originality/value: This study contributes to the internationalisation theory by providing empirical evidence of whether and why business factors influence the internationalisation process, thereby increasing our understanding of how business factors contribute to successfully accessing global markets. Although international business is a practice adopted by firms, the investigation of internationalisation theory is important for both researchers and managers; therefore, this study extends the research conducted on internationalisation, particularly in a developing countries context. Keywords: Internationalization, Business Factors, Manufacturing Firms, Developing Countries, Jordan.

Environmental pollution has become the matter of concern all over the world with the increase in urbanization, transport, industrialization and several other factors. The researcher has therefore designed this study to investigate the impact of urbanization, research and development R&D expenditure, infrastructure development and real income on the emission of carbon dioxide in Asian countries. The data collection process involved six Asian countries from 1997 and ending 2019. The panel data estimation and analysis tools and techniques were applied on the collected data and the results were obtained. The results of regression estimation suggest that as per MG estimator, all the variables have significant and positive impact on CO 2 emission but infrastructure development has insignificant impact. In case of FMOLS, again all the variables have significant and positive impact on CO 2 emission but infrastructure development has insignificant impact. However, in case of DOLS, all the variables have shown significant impact on CO 2 emission. In the last, DK estimator indicates that urbanization, real income and population density have significant and positive impact on CO 2 emission but R&D expenditure and infrastructure development has insignificant impact. In this way, the impacts of all independent and control variables on CO 2 emission were estimated.

This study analyzes the effects of institutional factors on adopting sustainability reporting in the worldwide tourism industry. Initially, it compiled the data on the organizational environment, including environment, social and governance performance, and sector-level macroeconomic control variables such as economic growth, exports, and tourism receipts from 2001 to 2019. For empirical estimations, it applies multiple panel estimators; pooled ordinary least square (OLS), fixed effect, and random effects model, while dynamic Generalized Method of Moments is applied to address endogeneity issues in panel data. The results report that environmental, social, and governance indicators are essential for sustainable tourism. Mainly, ecological and social circumstances are more prominent than others. Further, ecological innovation is considered essential for sustainability in this sector. This research suggests an innovative theoretical approach that exposes the importance of sustainability reporting in the tourism industry. It also provides the guideline to the regulators that they should expand their focus on the regulations of sustainability reporting on the tourism industry.