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Viruses, including herpes viruses, can alter oxidative balance by either increasing the formation of free radicals or inhibiting synthesis of enzymes involved in oxidative defense within host cells. This study examined the occurrence of oxidative and antioxidative balance in cows naturally infected with bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1) under field conditions. Clinical history indicated that cows had been sick and showed mild to severe respiratory signs, characterized by dullness, coughing, and lacrimation, and a high febrile response. All samples obtained from the infected animals during clinical examination were confirmed as positive for bovine herpesvirus type 1 by PCR. Control cows showed no clinical abnormalities and PCR results were negative. Total antioxidative status, total oxidant status, oxidative stress index, and some biochemical parameters were measured. The level of total antioxidative status was significantly lower in infected animals, compared with the healthy control group (P = 0.025). However, there was no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups for total oxidant status and oxidative stress index levels. Furthermore, there was a significant decrease in the infected groups, with respect to concentrations of alkaline phosphatase, alanine transferase, γ glutamyl transferase, monocyte, and erythrocyte (P < 0.05). On the other hand, aspartate aminotransferase and creatinine kinase concentrations significantly increased in the cows infected with BHV-1. In conclusion, the data obtained hereby explained that animals with infected BHV-1 seemed to have more oxidative stress and low antioxidant defense. Moreover, future research conductance is needed on antioxidative and oxidative balance to understand pathophysiology of BHV-1 infections.

Introduction/Background*The clinicopathologic characteristics, recurrence patterns, and survival of patients with grade III endometrial cancer (G3EC) and uterine carcinosarcoma (UCS) were compared.MethodologyThe medical records of patients treated for G3EC and UCS between January 1996 and December 2016 at X gynecologic oncology centers in Turkey and Germany were analyzed.Result(s)*UCS was diagnosed in 353 (48.2%) of the enrolled patients and G3EC in 380 (51.8%). The patients in each group were divided into three subgroups depending on the disease stage: early (stage IA), locally advanced (IB-II) and advanced (III-IV). For all stages, the recurrence rate was higher in patients with UCS than in those with G3EC. Adjuvant treatment type had no significant effect on disease-free survival (DFS) or overall survival (OS) in patients with early stage tumors. In patients with locally advanced disease, radiotherapy (RT) + chemotherapy (CT) was the most effective type of adjuvant therapy with respect to DFS and OS. In those with advanced disease, RT + CT was the most effective type of adjuvant therapy but only with respect to DFS.Conclusion*The recurrence rate was higher in UCS patients than in G3EC patients, regardless of disease stage. DFS was of shorter duration in UCS than in G3EC patients. OS did not significantly differ between UCS and G3EC patients with early or locally advanced disease. In patients with early stage UCS or G3EC, adjuvant therapy modalities had no effect on survival. However, in both groups of patients with locally advanced disease, adjuvant CT and RT resulted in a significant improvement in DFS and OS.

IntroductionThe therapeutic role of pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy in surgical staging of apparent early-stage epithelial ovarian cancer (aeEOC) is still unclear. Recently, ESGO-ESMO consensus established that re-staging lymphadenectomy is not recommended if patients are already due to receive adjuvant chemotherapy for high-risk eEOC. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential therapeutic role of systematic lymphadenectomy in patients with eEOC.MethodsMulti-center retrospective cohort study with CE approval, comparing women with aeEOC who underwent no lymphadenectomy (NL) versus lymph node sampling (SL) versus adequate systematic bilateral pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy (AL) (defined as ≥20 lymph-nodes).Inclusion criteriaepithelial ovarian carcinoma; no bulky (≥10 mm short axis) pelvic or para-aortic lymph nodes at CT-scan; complete intra-peritoneal staging and at least 3 cycles of platinum-based adjuvant chemotherapy.Results639 of 2,559 patients with FIGO stage IA-IIIA1 ovarian cancer, met inclusion criteria. 360 (56.3%) underwent AL, 150 (23.5%) SL and 129 (20.2%) NL (table 1). AL patients were younger (p<0.001), experienced a higher number of grade 3–5 post-operative complications (p=0.008) and had a longer time to start chemotherapy (p=0.034). There was no difference in intra-operative complications. Median follow-up was 63 months (range, 5–342). The 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) was 79.7% vs. 76.5% vs. 68.3% (p=0.006) (figure 1), and 5-year overall survival (OS) was 92.3% vs. 94.5% vs. 89.8% (p=0.165) (figure 2) in women who received AL vs. SL vs. NL, respectively. Lymphadenectomy represented independent factor for DFS improvement, HR 0.52 (95%CI 0.37–0.73) (p<0.001).Abstract 27 Table 1Patients’ and surgery characteristicsAbstract 27 Figure 1Disease-free survival in patients undergoing adequate vs sampling vs no lymphadenectomyAbstract 27 Figure 2Overall survival in patients undergoing adequate vs sampling vs no lymphadenectomyConclusionPelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy in surgical staging of eEOC improves DFS for the price of increasing post-operative complications and time to chemotherapy but does not affect OS.