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Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is an indicator of polycystic ovary syndrome in humans. In the present report, AMH was evaluated in two female dogs with follicular ovarian cysts compared with normal oestrous bitches ( n  = 8). The bitches with follicular ovarian cysts had elevated serum oestradiol concentration (51.9 ± 49.6 pg/ml), and they had, in turn, turgid vulvar swelling and serosanguineous vulvar discharge. In addition, one of the bitches with follicular ovarian cysts suffered from bilaterally symmetrical alopecia. AMH concentration did not differ between cystic (0.2 ± 0.1 ng/ml) and normal (0.3 ± 0.2 ng/ml) bitches ( P  > 0.05). In conclusion, the results implied that AMH might not serve as a diagnostic marker for ovarian follicular cysts in canine.

Measurement of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is applied to diagnose polycystic ovary syndrome in human. A 7-year-old female Persian cat was presented for persistent expression of behavioural oestrus. In response to examination of spines, the queen exhibited treading movements of hind legs. Trans-abdominal ultrasonography revealed a multicystic appearance of both ovaries. Oestradiol in the queen with prolonged oestrus (145 pg/ml) was higher than that in normal oestrous cats (50.8 ± 7.41 pg/ml). However, AMH concentration in the cat with prolonged oestrus (1.8 ng/ml) was within the range of AMH concentration in normal oestrous queens (3.5 ± 0.81 ng/ml; range, 1.2–5.8 ng/ml). The queen was diagnosed with cystic ovarian disease and was subjected to ovariohysterectomy. Excision and histopathology confirmed cystic ovarian disease as well as uterine hyperplasia. In conclusion, it seems that AMH could not serve as a diagnostic indicator of cystic ovarian disease in cat.