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"Atkinson, Joel"
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The Influence of Universal Health Coverage on Life Expectancy at Birth (LEAB) and Healthy Life Expectancy (HALE): A Multi-Country Cross-Sectional Study
There are substantial differences in long term health outcomes across countries, particularly in terms of both life expectancy at birth (LEAB) and healthy life expectancy (HALE). Socio-economic status, disease prevention approaches, life style and health financing systems all influence long-term health goals such as life expectancy. Within this context, universal health coverage (UHC) is expected to influence life expectancy as a comprehensive health policy. The aim of the study is to investigate this relationship between Universal Health Coverage (UHC) and life expectancy.
A multi-country cross-sectional study was performed drawing on different sources of data (World Health Organization, UNDP-Education and World Bank) from 193 UN member countries, applying administrative record linkage theory. Descriptive statistics,
-tests, Pearson correlations, hierarchical linear regressions were utilized as appropriate.
Global average healthy life years was shown to be 61.34 ± 8.40 and life expectancy at birth was 70.00 ± 9.3. Standardized coefficients from regression analysis found UHC (0.34), child vaccination (Diphtheria Pertussis Tetanus-3: 0.17) and sanitation coverage (0.31) were associated with significantly increased life expectancy at birth. In contrast, population growth was associated with a decrease (0.29). Likewise, unit increases in child vaccination (DPT 3), sanitation and UHC would increase healthy life expectancy considerably (0.18, 0.31, and 0.40 respectively), whereas the same for population growth reduces healthy life expectancy by 0.28.
Universal Health Coverage (UHC) is a comprehensive health system approach that facilitates a wide range of health services and significantly improves the life expectancy at birth and healthy life expectancy. This study suggests that specific programs to achieve UHC should be considered for countries that have not seen sufficient gains in life expectancy as part of the wider push to achieve the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG).
Journal Article
'A Chief Instrument for Overseas Expansion': Revisiting the Conceptual Roots of Chinese Foreign Aid through Anti-West External Propaganda (1958-1961)
China pursues an official policy of overseas expansion - what leader Xi Jinping describes as becoming 'a leading global power' - with foreign aid playing an important role. Forgotten among the criticisms and countercriticisms of Chinese aid as a power expanding tool is that during the Great Leap Forward, the Chinese government criticized American and other Western aid on precisely this basis. This article explores this early Chinese thinking on Western aid, making use of the voluminous opinions on aid in the Peking Review from 1958 to 1961. It finds that beneath the anti-imperialist hyperbole, Western aid is understood as a tool of economic, political and military expansion. This past conceptualization of Western aid prefigures the competitiveness and expansionism in China's present aid-mediated foreign policy.
Journal Article
Measurement of proton-distribution radii of neutron-rich nitrogen isotopes
Measurement of root-mean-square radii of proton distributions of 17–22 N from charge-changing cross section shows the emergence of thick neutron skin towards the neutron-drip line. Signature of N = 14 shell gap has been found in nitrogen isotopes along with the emergence of neutron halo in 22 N. The measured radii are in good agreement with the shell model calculations.
Journal Article
Australia and Taiwan : bilateral relations, China, the United States, and the South Pacific
In Australia and Taiwan, Joel Atkinson examines the intriguing and important Australia-Taiwan relationship. He covers its history, the role of Taiwan in Australia's relations with China and the US, and bilateral issues such as ministerial visits and the South Pacific.
eBook
Big Trouble in Little Chinatown: Australia, Taiwan and the April 2006 Post-Election Riot in Solomon Islands
Taiwan's effort to carry on diplomatic relations in the face of hostility from China has collided with Australia's reform agenda for the Pacific Islands. This issue is particularly acute in Solomon Islands, which has longstanding ties with Taiwan and a close association with Australia.
In the lead-up to the April 2006 elections in Solomon Islands, a local politician accused Taiwan of funding candidates. The same politician later stated that popular anger towards Taiwan sparked the post-election riot that devastated Honiara's Chinatown. Although neither of these accusations
was supported with evidence, they prompted Australia to publicly criticize Taiwan's involvement in Solomon Islands. This article argues Australia's reaction was due to existing Australia-Taiwan tension over the South Pacific, and because Australian policymakers found Taiwan a more palatable
focus than acknowledging the ambitious reach of Australia's reform efforts. Australia's rhetoric drew a negative reaction from Taiwan, which believed Canberra was seeking a scapegoat to deflect from its inability to anticipate or control the riot. The incident also contributed to the Taiwan
government's perception of Australia as increasingly pro-China. Despite subsequent efforts from Taiwan and Solomon Islands to improve accountability for Taiwan's aid, the differing interests of Australia and Taiwan continued to be an issue as funding from Taiwan became more important to Solomon
Islands Prime Minister Sogavare during his dispute with Australia. This article examines the interaction between Australia and Taiwan over Solomon Islands, and considers its significance to wider Australia-Taiwan involvement in the South Pacific.
Journal Article