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Parasitic infections remain a significant public health issue in Thailand. Exposure to intestinal parasites occurs through consumption of improperly washed raw vegetables and handling of contaminated soil without proper hygiene. This study assessed the prevalence of intestinal parasites in raw vegetables and school soil, along with the associated factors, in Koh Yao, Phang Nga Province, Thailand. Vegetables (21 types) were collected from local markets and stores in Koh Yao Noi, Koh Yao Yai, and Phru Nai. Moreover, soil samples were collected from playgrounds, football fields, sidewalks, schoolyards, and areas around cafeterias in 13 public primary schools. Approximately 2.3% of vegetable samples (3 out of 131) were contaminated with parasites (one peppermint and two Chinese morning glory samples). The most commonly detected parasites were Ascaris spp. eggs (1.5%) and hookworms (0.8%). Koh Yao Noi had the highest contamination rate of 7.1%, whereas no contamination was observed in samples from Koh Yao Yai and Phru Nai. The contamination rates in vegetables obtained from the three subdistricts showed significant differences ( p <  0.05). All contaminated vegetables were grown locally. In soil samples, parasites were detected in 11 of the 13 schools (84.6%). Of the 141 soil samples, 42 (29.8%) were contaminated, and Toxocara spp. were found in all contaminated samples. Phru Nai had the highest soil contamination rate (50%), followed by Koh Yao Yai (20.5%), and Koh Yao Noi (11.4%). There were significant differences in the distribution of parasite contamination across the three subdistricts ( p <  0.001) and seasons ( p <  0.001). Football fields were the most contaminated areas, with 36% of samples testing positive for parasites. This study highlights the risk of parasitic transmission through contaminated vegetables and soil. Hence, this emphasizes the need for health authorities to educate local communities on proper hygiene practices, including hand washing and thorough vegetable cleaning, to prevent parasitic infections. Implementing preventive measures in schools and communities is crucial for limiting parasitic disease spread.

Compared to the statewide average of 91.7%, Bangkalan District had the lowest basic vaccination coverage in East Java in 2022, at just 64.7%. Misconceptions regarding vaccinations are the cause of this poor coverage, which raises the risk of morbidity and death. According to WHO, 1.5 million children die each year from illnesses that may be prevented because they were not vaccinated, underscoring the wider impact on public health. The socioeconomic and cultural elements influencing parents’ choices to vaccinate their children in Bangkalan were examined in this study. 87 mothers of toddlers older than two years from the Blega Health Center were chosen by simple random sampling as part of a cross-sectional study. Data were gathered using questionnaires and interviews, and SPSS 23 was used for both univariate and bivariate analysis. The findings indicated that family culture did not significantly correlate with vaccine coverage (p-value = 0.218), while socioeconomic position and immunization coverage did (p-value = 0.001). The low vaccination rates are mostly influenced by socioeconomic considerations, which emphasizes the need for increased accessibility and awareness. It is advised to implement tactics like expanding the hours of health facilities and providing vaccination services in accessible areas. In Bangkalan, increasing vaccination coverage and lowering avoidable child fatalities depend heavily on economic assistance and education.

This study analyzes the trends, content, and factors influencing corporate tax disclosure in Indonesia based on GRI Standard 207. Data were obtained from sustainability reports of companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for 2021-2023 and analyzed using content analysis, descriptive methods, and panel data regression. The findings show a significant increase in tax disclosure in line with GRI Standard 207 from 2021 to 2023. The financial and energy sectors had the highest disclosure rates, while the technology and property sectors had lower adoption. The \"Approach to Tax\" (207-1) element was most frequently disclosed, while technical elements like \"Country-by-Country Reporting\" (207-4) had lower disclosure. The tax disclosure quality index had an average score of 8.529 out of 18, indicating room for improvement. Company size and leverage were significant determinants of tax disclosure, while profitability and company age were not. The study highlights the need for improved tax disclosure, especially in sectors with low adoption, and offers implications for regulators and companies. Future research should expand the scope and explore additional variables.

Performance is an achievement of employee’s work, which is an important factor used as an evaluation of the effectiveness within the organization. There are many factors that affect to performance, work stress is one of them. Many studies related work stress and performance have been done with extremely variable results. Therefore, this research aims to review and analyze previous research at the scope of organization industry relatedwith work stress, and performance using meta-analysis approach. The meta-analysis study was performed by reviewing 19 studies based on value selection results, r-correlation, the coefficient of reliability, characteristics of research subjects, and is a primary study. Based on the analysis that has been done by researcher, empirically the result of this meta-analysisstudy is able to answer and reassure researcher, that the stress level of the employees have negative correlation with performance it self. It means that high work stress on employees will form the distress instead, because it’s already past the normal threshold, and as a result the stress can affect mental and physical state of employees, which implies performance degradation.

Molecular imprinting is a technique for creating artificial recognition sites on polymer matrices that complement the template in terms of size, shape, and spatial arrangement of functional groups. The main advantage of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (MIP) as the polymer for use with a molecular imprinting technique is that they have high selectivity and affinity for the target molecules used in the molding process. The components of a Molecularly Imprinted Polymer are template, functional monomer, cross-linker, solvent, and initiator. Many things determine the success of a Molecularly Imprinted Polymer, but the Molecularly Imprinted Polymer component and the interaction between template-monomers are the most critical factors. This review will discuss how to find the interaction between template and monomer in Molecularly Imprinted Polymer before polymerization and after polymerization and choose the suitable component for MIP development. Computer simulation, UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Proton-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H-NMR) are generally used to determine the type and strength of intermolecular interaction on pre-polymerization stage. In turn, Suspended State Saturation Transfer Difference High Resolution/Magic Angle Spinning (STD HR/MAS) NMR, Raman Spectroscopy, and Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) and Fluorescence Spectroscopy are used to detect chemical interaction after polymerization. Hydrogen bonding is the type of interaction that is becoming a focus to find on all methods as this interaction strongly contributes to the affinity of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs).

PurposeDigital organisational culture is essential for organisations in the digital era. However, examination of the role of digital organisational culture in government institutions remains limited. Thus, this study aims to investigate the influence of digital organisational culture on employee performance by considering empowering leadership as a predictor.Design/methodology/approachThis study analyses the research framework on the basis of a survey of 76 employees at the Indonesian Ministry of Administrative Reform and Bureaucratic Reform. The framework relating to the influence of digital organizational culture is tested using a mix of partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and an examination of the essential circumstances (necessary condition analysis/ NCA).FindingsThe findings indicate that empowering leadership is a sufficient condition for digital organisational culture. Empowering leadership positively and significantly affects digital organisational culture. Digital organisational culture positively and significantly affects employee performance. Empowering leadership represents a necessary condition for digital organisational culture. A digital organisational culture is necessary and sufficient for government employee performance.Practical implicationsResults of this study practically suggest that digital organisational culture can be considered vital to a strategy for improving government employee performance. Empowering leadership is a key success factor in improving digital organisational culture. This study initiated the identification of the role of digital organisational culture in the government institution context.Originality/valueMethodologically, this study stated a paradigm that combines the PLS-SEM and NCA approaches in public administration research by identifying the influence on sufficient and necessary digital organisational culture government employee performance.

This paper presents a comparative study on the optical system design for a smartphone-based fundus camera to enhance retinal imaging quality. Three optical system configurations were evaluated using ANSYS Zemax OpticStudio 2024 R1 software: Design I (20D aspheric lens), Design II (40D aspheric lens), and Design III (60D aspheric lens). The optical systems were evaluated by analysing: (i) the illumination path from the light source to the retina, and (ii) the imaging path from the retina to the smartphone camera’s sensor. The results were evaluated using image metric quantities, including the spot diagram, transverse ray fan plot, and TTF MTF vs Field, to represent the image quality of each optical system. Additionally, the illumination and imaging paths were analysed to assess the overall image quality. The findings indicated that Design III, with the 60D aspheric lens, demonstrated superior image quality in terms of spot diagram, ray fan plot, and MTF performance, making it the most effective design.

This work represents a study to investigate the mechanical properties of longitudinal basalt/woven-glass-fiber-reinforced unsaturated polyester-resin hybrid composites. The hybridization of basalt and glass fiber enhanced the mechanical properties of hybrid composites. The unsaturated polyester resin (UP), basalt (B) and glass fibers (GF) were fabricated using the hand lay-up method in six formulations (UP, GF, B7.5/G22.5, B15/G15, B22.5/G7.5 and B) to produce the composites, respectively. This study showed that the addition of basalt to glass-fiber-reinforced unsaturated polyester resin increased its density, tensile and flexural properties. The tensile strength of the B22.5/G7.5 hybrid composites increased by 213.92 MPa compared to neat UP, which was 8.14 MPa. Scanning electron microscopy analysis was used to observe the fracture mode and fiber pullout of the hybrid composites.

The current research was based on a comparative study of the views of two prominent Islamic intellectual figures, namely Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas and Taha Abderrahmane regarding the position of reason and religion in contemporary Islamic ethics. As library-based research, the current study applied a comparative and textual analytical method to study the primary sources obtained from al-Attas' and Taha's works as well as supplemented by secondary sources from journals and books that are relevant to the topic of discussion. This study concluded that the difference between them was more obvious than the similarities. Through a philosophical lens of virtue ethics, al-Attas viewed ethics as an endeavor to cultivate and refine one's character and spirit by honing the key virtues, wisdom, courage, temperance, and justice, guided by the practical reasoning informed by the overarching influence of theoretical reason. Meanwhile, Taha rejects virtue ethics because for him to limit human actions to only a few elements of virtue cannot be justified since humans are ethical creatures who produce limitless actions. Through the conception of supported reason, which combines theory, praxis, and living experience, he strives for comprehensive ethics based on Sufi approach. However, they share the same opinion that in ethical decisions, the reason is dependent on religion, which they elaborate on through their respective arguments.