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Background Improved point-of-care diagnostic tests for tuberculosis (TB) in severe immune suppressed people living with HIV (PLWH) are needed to decrease morbidity and mortality outcomes. The aim of the study is to evaluate the performance of the lipoarabinomannan antigen test (LAM-test) with and without α-mannosidase pre-treated urine in a cohort of PLWH in primary care clinics in Guatemala. We further determined TB incidence, and mortality rates and its risk factors in PLWH with TB symptoms. Methods Prospective longitudinal study of PLWH with TB symptoms. Urine samples were collected at 2 HIV sites to test the sensitivity of the LAM-test in urine with and without α-mannosidase pre-treatment. A composite reference standard of either a positive Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex culture and/or GeneXpert ® MTB/RIF (Xpert, Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA, USA) results was used in the LAM-test diagnostic accuracy studies. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to study mortality predictors. Results The overall sensitivity of the LAM-test was of 56.1% with 95% CI of (43.3–68.3). There were no differences in the LAM-test sensitivity neither by hospital nor by CD4 T cell values. LAM-test sensitivity in PLWH with < 200 CD4 T cells/µl was of 62.2% (95% CI 46.5–76.2). There were no significant differences in sensitivity when comparing LAM-test results obtained from untreated vs. α-mannosidase treated urine [55.2% (95% CI 42.6–67.4) vs. 56.9% (95% CI 44–69.2), respectively]. TB incidence in our cohort was of 21.4/100 person years (PYs) (95% CI 16.6–27.6), and mortality rate was of 11.1/100 PYs (95% CI 8.2–15.0). Importantly, PLWH with a positive LAM-test result had an adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of death of 1.98 (1.0–3.8) with a significant p value of 0.044 when compared to PLWH with a negative LAM-test result. Conclusions In this study, α-mannosidase treatment of urine did not significantly increase the LAM-test performance, however; this needs to be further evaluated in a large-scale study due to our study limitations. Importantly, high rates of TB incidence and mortality were found, and a positive LAM-test result predicted mortality in PLWH with TB clinical symptoms.

Improved point-of-care diagnostic tests for tuberculosis (TB) in severe immune suppressed people living with HIV (PLWH) are needed to decrease morbidity and mortality outcomes. The aim of the study is to evaluate the performance of the lipoarabinomannan antigen test (LAM-test) with and without [alpha]-mannosidase pre-treated urine in a cohort of PLWH in primary care clinics in Guatemala. We further determined TB incidence, and mortality rates and its risk factors in PLWH with TB symptoms. The overall sensitivity of the LAM-test was of 56.1% with 95% CI of (43.3-68.3). There were no differences in the LAM-test sensitivity neither by hospital nor by CD4 T cell values. LAM-test sensitivity in PLWH with < 200 CD4 T cells/[micro]l was of 62.2% (95% CI 46.5-76.2). There were no significant differences in sensitivity when comparing LAM-test results obtained from untreated vs. [alpha]-mannosidase treated urine [55.2% (95% CI 42.6-67.4) vs. 56.9% (95% CI 44-69.2), respectively]. TB incidence in our cohort was of 21.4/100 person years (PYs) (95% CI 16.6-27.6), and mortality rate was of 11.1/100 PYs (95% CI 8.2-15.0). Importantly, PLWH with a positive LAM-test result had an adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of death of 1.98 (1.0-3.8) with a significant p value of 0.044 when compared to PLWH with a negative LAM-test result. In this study, [alpha]-mannosidase treatment of urine did not significantly increase the LAM-test performance, however; this needs to be further evaluated in a large-scale study due to our study limitations. Importantly, high rates of TB incidence and mortality were found, and a positive LAM-test result predicted mortality in PLWH with TB clinical symptoms.

While Telemundo has long provided Latinas with original and relevant information on its Web site, finding relevant online destinations for Hispanic women in general can be a chore. But with the launch Oct 22 of Mujer de Hoy, an exclusive Spanish-language site dedicated to Latinas on the Yahoo Telemundo portal, the Hispanic network is addressing that issue by adding onto its catalog of original programming and online-produced content for women a content partnership with iVillage. For the first time, the Yahoo Telemundo Web channel will feature translated articles from iVillage with a button on each site promoting the two portals, as well as increased video streaming from popular Telemundo shows.

Power can be described in many ways, specifically Ray Rodriguez's promotion to president and COO of Univision Communications in February 2005, charged with overseeing not only the eponymous No. 1 Spanish-language network in the US, but the robust portfolio that includes broadcast channel TeleFutura, cable network Galavision, Univision Radio, Univision.com, Univision Music group and Univision Movil. For the first quarter of 2007, net revenue increased 9% to $437.3 million, from $402.6 million in the first quarter of 2006, according to corporate reports. Adjusted income from continuing operations increased 15% to $66.1 million in 2007, from $57.4 million in 2006. The move to the National Television Index in February of last year set a new bar. Plus, it gives the company more opportunities with advertisers.

Power can be described in many ways, specifically Ray Rodriguez's promotion to president and COO of Univision Communications in February 2005, charged with overseeing not only the eponymous No. 1 Spanish-language network in the US, but the robust portfolio that includes broadcast channel TeleFutura, cable network Galavision, Univision Radio, Univision.com, Univision Music group and Univision Movil. For the first quarter of 2007, net revenue increased 9% to $437.3 million, from $402.6 million in the first quarter of 2006, according to corporate reports. Adjusted income from continuing operations increased 15% to $66.1 million in 2007, from $57.4 million in 2006. Full-year net revenue reached 52.1 billion in 2006, an increase of 11% from the year prior. Plus, it gives the company more opportunities with advertisers.

Blue Demon Jr threw out the first pitch between the Los Angeles Dodgers and the Arizona Diamondbacks on May 2. The crowd roared. On any given game day, nearly half of the 56,000-seat stadium is filled with Latino fans. As part of the game, Full Throttle, Coca-Cola's energy drink, had sponsored an area-wide giveaway: buy-one-Dodger-ticket-get-one-free at local grocers Valu Plus Food Warehouse and Top Valu Markets. Associations with relevant Hispanic sports stars and strong partnerships with brands have also been at the forefront of Major League Soccer (MLS) marketing since 1976. The league counts a third of its US soccer base to be Latino, which has helped cement partners such as Honda, Makita, Burger King and Panasonic.