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This study examined the roles of psychological inflexibility, rumination, perfectionism cognitions, cognitive defusion, and self-forgiveness in predicting cognitive test anxiety among a sample of 715 university students (351 females, 364 males). The Cognitive Test Anxiety Scale-Revised, Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II, Ruminative Response Scale, Perfectionism Cognitions Inventory, Drexel Defusion Scale, State Self-Forgiveness Scale, and Demographic Information Form were used as data collection instruments. The results of Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analysis revealed that psychological inflexibility, rumination, perfectionism cognitions, and cognitive defusion were significant predictors of cognitive test anxiety, whereas self-forgiveness made no significant contribution to the model. The hypothesized model overall accounted for 31% of the variance in cognitive test anxiety scores, with psychological inflexibility explaining 23% of the variance in the first model, and the remaining variables accounting for an additional 8% of the variance. The strongest contribution to cognitive test anxiety was psychological inflexibility, followed by cognitive defusion, rumination and perfectionism cognitions. While psychological inflexibility, rumination, and perfectionism cognitions were found to correlate with cognitive test anxiety positively, cognitive defusion was negatively associated with cognitive test anxiety.

This study aimed to examine the prevalence of PTSD among undergraduate students and how PTSD affected life balance of undergraduate students who live close to conflict zones. The participants of the study were 253 undergraduate students who lived close to conflict zone and witnessed or experienced bombing or war conflicts. Data collection instruments were Juhnke-Balkin Life Balance Inventory- Turkish Form and Turkish Version of the PTSD Checklist for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition. The data were collected in paper-pencil format one month after bombing by terrorists across the border. Structural equation modeling was used in data analysis. The results indicated that PTSD symptomatology positively affects the students’ depression and sleep disturbance levels. However, PTSD symptomatology negatively affects global health and positive orientation. All effect sizes were in small to large range. We suggest that administrators should invest counseling services and have practioners providing help especially for undergraduate students in conflict zones; and to make families familiar with PTSD symptoms.

This mixed-methods pilot study examined the effectiveness of brief motivational interviewing (MI) training on middle school teachers’ efficacy in providing career services to socioeconomically disadvantaged students. Forty-five teachers (55% men) received a six-hour training on the career-development needs of middle school students and MI techniques. Quantitative results indicated a significant effect of training on teachers’ sense of efficacy regarding student engagement. Qualitative data indicated teachers’ increased sense of efficacy in providing career services and their personal and professional development. These results imply that MI can be effective in supporting teachers’ competencies and can motivate students of low socioeconomic status.

Objectives: It was aimed to determine the relationship between the use of complementary and alternative therapies in burn treatment and their attitudes towards using complementary therapies. Materials and Methods: Snowball sampling method was used. The study was completed with 500 individuals who experienced burns. Data were collected using an introductory information form and an attitude towards using complementary therapies scale. Descriptive statistics such as number, percentage, mean, standard deviation and student’s t-test, one-way analysis of variance, and multiple linear regression analysis were used in the analysis of the data. Results: The mean age was 30.37±12.09, 72.8% of the individuals were between the ages of 18-35 and 75.8% were female. 54.8% of the individuals stated that they had not received training on burns before, and 78.6% reported they used traditional treatment for burns. 57.6% of the individuals reported they used traditional methods to reduce post-burn pain. It was found that the most effective predictor of attitude towards complementary therapy was education and it predicted change at a rate of 15.7% (β=-0.157, p<0.001). The degree of burns accounts for 12.1% of the change in the attitude towards complementary therapy, the use of complementary therapy in burns 11.5%, the age of 10.5%, and the training in burn care 9.4%. Conclusion: It is important to use the practices recommended by health professionals and avoid harmful practices in order to prevent burn wound infections, contribute to the healing process and reduce complications.

Objectives: This descriptive study was conducted to determine the relationship between perioperative care quality and patient satisfaction in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out with 133 patients between July 2020 and November 2021. The Introductory Characteristics Information Form, Quality Perioperative Nursing Care scale, and Newcastle Nursing Care Satisfaction scale were used to collect data. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Shapiro-Wilk tests, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis H test, Dunn test, Spearman’s rho correlation coefficient, and linear regression analysis were employed to evaluate the data. Results: It was determined that the mean age of the patients participating in the study was 55.44±18.92 years, 51.9% were female, 73.7% were married, and 42.1% were primary school graduates. The total mean score of the Quality Perioperative Nursing Care scale was 147.44±14.71 [minimum (min): 0, maximum (max): 160], and the total mean score of the Newcastle Nursing Care Satisfaction scale was 94.65±7.73 (min: 19, max: 95). It was determined that there was a moderate positive correlation between the Quality Perioperative Nursing Care scale total score and the Newcastle Nursing Care Satisfaction scale total score, and when the Quality Perioperative Nursing Care scale score increased by 1 unit, the Newcastle Nursing Care Satisfaction scale score increased by 0.291 units. Conclusion: It is recommended that nurses direct the care by reflecting the evidence-based practices related to perioperative nursing care to the clinic.

This mixed‐methods study aimed to determine nurses’ views on the use of the Turkish version of the World Health Organization's Surgical Safety Checklist (SSC). Phase 1 of the study consisted of a survey of perioperative and surgical nursing unit nurses’ perceptions on the use of the SSC. The results showed that personnel believed that every step of the checklist was not always applied and that an increased workload and the lack of team cooperation negatively affected the use of the checklist. Phase 2 of the study involved RN circulator interviews and focused on their experiences using the SSC, the obstacles to SSC implementation, and ways to increase compliance. We interviewed 126 nurses during phase 1 and 20 nurses during phase 2. We analyzed the interviews and identified three themes: the importance of using the SSC, barriers to using the checklist, and compliance with the checklist and applicability.

The COVID-19 pandemic triggered vast governmental lockdowns. The impact of these lockdowns on mental health is inadequately understood. On the one hand such drastic changes in daily routines could be detrimental to mental health. On the other hand, it might not be experienced negatively, especially because the entire population was affected. The aim of this study was to determine mental health outcomes during pandemic induced lockdowns and to examine known predictors of mental health outcomes. We therefore surveyed n = 9,565 people from 78 countries and 18 languages. Outcomes assessed were stress, depression, affect, and wellbeing. Predictors included country, sociodemographic factors, lockdown characteristics, social factors, and psychological factors. Results indicated that on average about 10% of the sample was languishing from low levels of mental health and about 50% had only moderate mental health. Importantly, three consistent predictors of mental health emerged: social support, education level, and psychologically flexible (vs. rigid) responding. Poorer outcomes were most strongly predicted by a worsening of finances and not having access to basic supplies. These results suggest that on whole, respondents were moderately mentally healthy at the time of a population-wide lockdown. The highest level of mental health difficulties were found in approximately 10% of the population. Findings suggest that public health initiatives should target people without social support and those whose finances worsen as a result of the lockdown. Interventions that promote psychological flexibility may mitigate the impact of the pandemic.

The purpose of this study is to develop the Conflict Areas Index (CAI) to identify possible conflict areas that couples experience in their marriages and to develop the Conflict Styles Inventory (CSI) to assess how they deal with these conflicts. Exploratory (N=374) and confirmatory (N=152) factor analysis and test-retest (N=49) examinations were conducted with a sample of 575 married individuals in total. For the first scale, principal component analysis (PCA) was used to examine the construct validity of the CAI. According to the results, a single component giving frequency values for 15 different conflict areas was identified. In the criterion-related validity studies, the scale had a significant, negative, and strong correlation with the Relationship Assessment Scale (RAS) (r=-.72) and the level of satisfaction with the relationship (r=-.67). The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was found as .91. For the second scale, the construct validity of the CSI was examined using Exploratory Factor Analysis. The results revealed a three-dimensional structure named destructive, passive, and active conflict resolution styles. In the criterion-related validity studies, it was found significant and positive correlations between destructive (r=.14) and passive (r=.18) conflict resolution styles with CAI scores and a significant and negative correlation between active resolution style with CAI scores. In addition, there were significant and negative correlations between destructive (r=-.15) and passive (r=-.12) conflict resolution styles with the RAS scores and a significant and positive correlation between active conflict resolution style with the RAS scores. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients were .88, .87, and .87 for destructive, passive, and active conflict resolution styles, respectively. The correlation values between the scores of the CSI within a 14-day time interval were ⍴=.94, ⍴=.91, and ⍴=.83 for destructive, passive, and active conflict resolution styles, respectively. These results indicated that CAI and CSI have sufficient psychometric properties that can be used to assess conflict areas and conflict resolution styles of married individuals. Bu çalışmanın amacı çiftlerin evlilik ilişkilerinde yaşadıkları olası çatışma alanlarını belirlemeye yönelik Çatışma Alanları İndeksi’nin (ÇAİ) ve bu çatışmaları nasıl ele aldıklarını değerlendirmeye yönelik Çatışma Stilleri Envanteri’nin (ÇSE) geliştirilmesidir. Ölçme araçlarının açımlayıcı (N=374) ve doğrulayıcı (N=152) faktör analizi ile test-tekrar test güvenirliği (N=49) incelemeleri toplam 575 kişiden elde edilen veriler üzerinden incelenmiştir. ÇAİ’nin yapı geçerliğini incelemek için temel bileşenler analizinden yararlanılmış ve 15 farklı çatışma alanına yönelik sıklık puanı veren tek bir bileşen elde edilmiştir. Ölçüt bağıntılı geçerlik çalışmaları kapsamında ÇAİ’nin, İlişki Değerlendirme Ölçeği ile (r=-.72) ve ilişkiden duyulan memnuniyet düzeyi ile (r=-.67) kavramsal olarak kabul edilebilir ilişkiler gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. ÇAİ’nin iç tutarlılık katsayısı ɑ=.91’dir. ÇSE’nin yapı geçerliği Açımlayıcı Faktör Analizi ile incelenmiş ve yıkıcı, pasif ve aktif çatışma çözme stilleri olarak adlandırılan üç faktörlü bir yapı elde edilmiştir. ÇSE’nin ölçüt bağıntılı geçerlik çalışmaları kapsamında ÇAİ puanları ile yıkıcı (⍴=.14) ve pasif (⍴=.18) çatışma çözme stilleri ile arasında anlamlı ve pozitif, aktif çatışma çözme stili ile anlamlı ve negatif yönde (⍴=-.42) korelasyonlar bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, İDÖ puanları ile ise yıkıcı (r=-.15) ve pasif (r=-.12) çatışma çözme stilleri arasında anlamlı ve negatif yönde (r=-.42), aktif çatışma çözme stili ile anlamlı ve pozitif yönde (r=.50) korelasyonlar elde edilmiştir. Yıkıcı, pasif ve aktif çatışma çözme stili şeklinde adlandırılan faktörlerdeki maddelerin iç tutarlılık katsayıları ɑ=.88, ɑ=.87 ve ɑ=.87’dir. ÇSE’nin 14 gün arayla uygulanması sonucunda elde edilen veriler arasındaki korelasyon katsayıları ise yıkıcı, pasif ve aktif çatışma çözme stili için sırasıyla ⍴=.94, ⍴=.91 ve ⍴=.83’dır. Elde edilen bu sonuçlar, ÇAİ ve ÇSE’nin evli bireylerin çatışma alanlarını ve çatışma çözme stillerini değerlendirmede kullanılabilecek yeterli psikometrik özelliklere sahip olduklarını göstermiştir.

Background The COVID-19 pandemic triggered vast governmental lockdowns. The impact of these lockdowns on mental health is inadequately understood. On the one hand such drastic changes in daily routines could be detrimental to mental health. On the other hand, it might not be experienced negatively, especially because the entire population was affected. Methods The aim of this study was to determine mental health outcomes during pandemic induced lockdowns and to examine known predictors of mental health outcomes. We therefore surveyed n = 9,565 people from 78 countries and 18 languages. Outcomes assessed were stress, depression, affect, and wellbeing. Predictors included country, sociodemographic factors, lockdown characteristics, social factors, and psychological factors. Results Results indicated that on average about 10% of the sample was languishing from low levels of mental health and about 50% had only moderate mental health. Importantly, three consistent predictors of mental health emerged: social support, education level, and psychologically flexible (vs. rigid) responding. Poorer outcomes were most strongly predicted by a worsening of finances and not having access to basic supplies. Conclusions These results suggest that on whole, respondents were moderately mentally healthy at the time of a population-wide lockdown. The highest level of mental health difficulties were found in approximately 10% of the population. Findings suggest that public health initiatives should target people without social support and those whose finances worsen as a result of the lockdown. Interventions that promote psychological flexibility may mitigate the impact of the pandemic.

Purpose of Review The study aims to examine the relationship between crime rates among drug-addicted adolescents and personal, social, and familial factors as well as street and school factors. The participants included 713 male drug-addicted adolescents who had received residential treatment at a psychiatry clinic between 2013 and 2020. The “Patient Medical History Form” created by the experts of the clinic was used as a data collection tool. The binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine significant predictive variables increasing the probability of drug-addicted adolescents to be included in the categories of living on the street, committing crimes, school dropout, suicide attempt, and self-harm behavior. Recent Findings The findings showed that age, father-adolescent relationship, school dropout, and having an employment history significantly predicted the factor of living on the street; age, school dropout, street life history, drug use in the extended family, and having a criminal history in the extended family significantly predicted the factor of committing crimes; and having an employment history, drug use in the extended family, and having a criminal history significantly predicted the school dropout factor. Besides, suicidal ideation and self-harm behavior significantly predicted the factor of attempting suicide; similarly, age, street life, and having a prison history significantly predicted the possibility of self-harm behavior of the adolescents. Summary The results showed that personal, social, and familial factors, as well as street and school factors, and crime rates were associated with addictive behavior among drug-addicted adolescents.