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With the inception of high voltage (HV), requisites on the insulating permanence of HV equipment is becoming increasingly crucial. Mineral/synthetic oil liquid insulation—together with solid insulation materials (paper, pressboard)—is the fundamental insulation constituent in HV apparatuses; their insulation attributes perform a substantial part in a reliable and steady performance. Meanwhile, implications on the environment, scarcity of petroleum oil supplies and discarding complications with waste oil have stimulated investigators to steer their attention towards sustainable, renewable, biodegradable and environmentally friendly insulating substances. The contemporary insulating constituent’s evolution is driven by numerous dynamics—in particular, environmental obligations and other security and economic issues. Consequently, HV equipment manufacturers must address novel specifications concerning to these new standards. Renewable, sustainable and environmentally friendly insulating materials are continuously substituting conventional insulating items in the market place. These are favorable to traditional insulating materials, due to their superior functionality. The also offer explicit security and eco-friendly advantages. This article discusses cutting-edge technology of environmentally friendly insulating materials, including their fabrication, processing and characterization. The new renewable, insulating systems used in HV equipment are submitted and their fundamental gains stated in comparison with conventional insulating materials. Several experimental efforts carried out in various parts of the world are presented, offering an outline of the existing research conducted on renewable insulating systems. The significance of this article lies in summarizing prior investigations, classifying research essence, inducements and predicting forthcoming research trends. Furthermore, opportunities and constraints being experienced in the field of exploration are evidently reported. Last but not least, imminent research proposals and applications are recommended.

This study examines the dynamic connection between green energy, employment, fossil fuel energy, and human development index including additional variables such as education, life expectancy, and poverty in panel data of 30 developing countries from 1990–2017. Previous studies analyzed the total energy consumption on the human development index, whereas the differential effect of green and fossil fuel energy with employment and human development index has not been examined. The empirical exercise is based on the panel co-integration test, panel fully modified ordinary least squares, dynamic ordinary least squares, and vector error correction estimation approaches. The results reveal that all variables are co-integrated. The results of regression analysis indicate that green energy, education, life expectancy, and employment increase the human development index, but fossil fuel energy and poverty decrease the human development index by −0.016 and 0.023%. In addition, the vector error correction model designates that there is bidirectional causality between green energy consumption and the human development index. Therefore, for developing countries, the development and utilization of green energy sources (wind, solar, geothermal, etc.) are needed. Moreover, these countries should rely less on fossil fuel energy because it causes a decrease in the HDI.

The global warming phenomena arise from the subject of climate change, which draws intellectuals’ attention toward replacing polluting energy sources with clean energy sources by continued deployment of innovations. Also, global warming problems put large pressure on governments, individuals, and policymakers. Therefore, for reliable energy supply and economic development, the target of achieving a low-carbon and sustainable environment is needed. In this light, we explore the role of clean energy and technological innovation in carbon emission reduction in China from 1995 to 2018. The key outcomes from the fully modified least-squares and robust least-squares indicate an elasticity of −0.065 and −0.075, respectively, for the nexus of renewable energy and CO 2 emissions. Similarly, nuclear energy, technology innovation, and political-institutional quality have a negative influence on CO 2 emissions. Furthermore, the granger causality demonstrates feedback between renewable energy and CO 2 emissions, as well as between technological innovation and CO 2 emissions. To achieve a cleaner environment, the implementation of the existing policy pathways is potentially geared toward applying technological innovations to produce renewable energy at lower costs.

The long-term anticipation of electricity supply (ELS) and demand has supposed substantial prominence in the elementary investigation to offer sustainable resolutions to electricity matters. In this editorial, an outline of the organization of the electricity segment of Pakistan and analysis of historical supply and demand statistics, an up-to-date position of the contrary set of energy plans is presented. The intention of this analysis is to explore the Granger causality relationship between electricity supply and economic growth (EG) by using a multivariate context with time series statistics covering 1990 to 2015 in Pakistan. Augmented dickey-fuller (ADF) and Philips-Perron (PP) unit root tests indicate that variables are non-stationary and integrated in a similar order (1). Our findings also reveal that variables economic growths (GDP), electricity supply (ELS), investment (INV), and export (EX) are co-integrated. The study also finds the Granger causality runs from EG to ELS deprived of any feedback effect. Therefore, the policy implications from our findings indicate that electricity preservation strategies may be implemented without any economic adverse impacts.

Several researchers have studied the environmental policy stringency and ecological innovation regarding CO2 emissions and renewable energy consumption; however, the impact of environmental policy stringency, technological innovation, FDI, and ecological innovation on energy transition has not been studied in the case of NICs. For this purpose, panel quantile regression models are applied in the context of NICs from 2000 to 2021. Our empirical results show that the effect of foreign direct investment is positive and statistically significant on energy transition. On the other hand the variables environmental policy stringency, eco-innovation, and ICT-trade have an inverse effect on energy transition. Therefore, the findings of the study also provide policy implications that indicate NICs need to optimize their trade structure and re-innovate the latest innovation spillovers, and strict environmental policies should be introduced to facilitate energy transition in NICs.

Based on the mathematical model of a nonlinear finance system, a novel finance chaotic system that generates mirror symmetric multiscroll chaotic attractors is proposed in this paper. The chaotic dynamical behaviors such as symmetry, chaoticity, bifurcation and boundedness are discussed in detail for the finance system with state variables; interest rate, investment demand and price index. The complex composite symmetrical attractors of finance system with different magnitudes are obtained. Moreover, with the help of multilevel-logic pulse signal, the generation of two pairs of different magnitudes symmetrical attractors are explored. The novel grid composite multiscroll chaotic attractors is one of the most interesting result is found in the finance system. By adjusting the parameters of multilevel-logic pulse signals, the finance system is controlled and a novel grid composite multiscroll chaotic attractor is explored in this article.

This paper analyzes the relationship between freight transport, economic prosperity, carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, energy consumption, and urbanization for three top Asian economies, namely, Hong Kong, Singapore, and South Korea during 1995–2017. For this purpose, we use the augmented Dickey-Fuller test for the stationary of the series, Johansen co-integration approach, and fully modified ordinary least squares and Granger causality model to infer the causal relationship between the study variables. The results show that economic prosperity (GDP) and energy consumption (EC) have a significant impact on freight transport (FT) for all three economies. In addition, the results also manifest the existence of bidirectional causality between GDP and FT in Singapore but a unidirectional causality running from GDP to FT in the case of Hong Kong and South Korea. As a quick policy option, controlling fossil fuel energy consumption in the transport sector may result in a remarkable reduction in CO2 emissions. The present study provides new insights to decision-makers for designing comprehensive energy and environmental policies for future sustainable freight transport growth in the long run.

This study examines the short- and long-run of the causal correlation between economic growth (G.R.) and renewable electricity generation sources for a panel of 25 developing nations over the period 1990-2017. To do so, second-generation cross-sectional dependence (C.D.) test Im, K.S., Pesaran and Augmented Dickey-Fuller panel unit root test, panel cointegration, autoregressive distributed lag in view of the pooled mean group estimation and panel heterogeneous Dumitrescu Hurlin (2012) causality methods are utilised. The main findings indicate that the positive and significant impact of renewable electricity generation on G.R. shows that renewable electricity generation sources stimulate G.R. in the long run for these selected countries. It is also demonstrated that there is bidirectional causality between renewable electricity generation and G.R. both in the short run and long run. Based on our findings, the feedback hypothesis is valid for developing countries.

A detailed analytical and numerical investigation of Krause and Robert (KR) flow is done in this article. KR flow is directly derived from magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) equations by using dynamo theory that describes the process through which a rotating, convecting and electrically conducting fluid acts to maintain a magnetic field. The present work focuses on describing complex behavior and symmetry in KR flow. The existence of symmetry has a profound and far-reaching impact on the properties of solution of chaotic dynamical systems. The relation between the KR chaotic attractor with twofold symmetry and its projected image without symmetry is shown in this article. Chaotic behavior of KR flow is studied through Lyapunov spectrum and boundedness to specify the chaotic region. Moreover, the computation of the Hamilton energy shows that KR flow depends on all its variables and, therefore, enough energy is critical to generate wings of KR flow.

In this paper, a modified stretch-twist-fold (STF) flow is introduced, which is based on STF flow that is associated with fluid particle motion that naturally arises in the dynamo theory. Dynamo theory intends a some typical procedure which follows the celestial bodies, such as earth, sun and other stars; due to this mechanism, they can maintain and amplify the magnetic field continuously. Chaoticity of modified STF attractor is discussed for different values of chaotic parameter. With the help of fractal process based on the modified STF flow, a multi-wing modified STF flow is obtained that gives a 2 n -wing modified STF flow system. The Hamiltonian energy function of modified STF flow concludes that the energy is decreased as the number of multi-wing increases. Moreover, with the help of Melnikov technique and Hamiltonian energy function, existence of periodic solutions for modified STF flow is derived analytically.