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"Bai, Rong"
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طائر في السحاب
هذا الكتاب مخصص للأطفال يستهدف الطفولة المبكرة وتعمل علي اسثمار الطفل في بناء المهارات المختلفة المرتبطة بالخيال والأبتكار وقوة الشخصية والبحث عن حلول إبداعية ويستمد الطفل الكثير من العلم والمعرفة والمعلومات من المنهج السلوكي التربوي رائع يعلم الطفل كيف يستخلص من مشكلاته وكيف يبني شخصيته بشكل مميز ويعطي المربي حلولا لحل مشكلات أبنه تعنيه عن تجاوز الأزمة وإنهائها.
BOOK
Adipose mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes accelerate skin wound healing via the lncRNA H19/miR-19b/SOX9 axis
It has been reported that adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) accelerate wound healing. Moreover, exosomes, which serve as paracrine factors, play a vital role in wound healing. However, the mechanism remains unclear. This research aimed to determine the roles of exosomes derived from ADSCs (ADSC-Exos) in wound skin tissue repair. Flow cytometry and electron microscopy were carried out to identify ADSCs and ADSC-Exos, respectively; RT-qPCR was performed to assess the lncRNA H19 (H19), microRNA19b (miR-19b) and SRY-related high-mobility-group box 9 (SOX9) levels; Western blotting was carried out to evaluate collagen and β-catenin expression; CCK-8, scratch and transwell assays were conducted to evaluate human skin fibroblast (HSF) cell proliferation, migration and invasion, respectively; the potential binding sites between H19 and miR-19b, miR-19b and SOX9 were detected by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay and RIP assay; and H&E staining was conducted to observe skin wound tissues. ADSC-Exos accelerated the proliferation, migration and invasion of HSF cells via H19. H19 acts as a molecular sponge towards miR-19b, which targets SOX9. ADSC-Exos inhibited miR-19b expression via H19, resulting in accelerated HSF proliferation, migration and invasion. ADSC-Exos upregulated SOX9 to activate the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, resulting in accelerated HSF cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and ADSC-Exos promoted skin wound healing via H19 in mice.
The high expression of H19 in ADSC-Exos may upregulate SOX9 expression via miR-19b to accelerate wound healing of skin tissues. Our study may provide novel perspectives for therapy to accelerate skin wound healing.
This study reveals that the long non-coding RNA H19 is highly expressed in exosomes derived from adipose mesenchymal stem cells and accelerates the proliferation, migration and invasion of human skin fibroblasts by upregulation of SOX9 and activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway The authors show that H19 affects SOX9 expression via the microRNA miR-19b to promote wound healing in injured skin.
Journal Article
Exosomal microRNA-125a-3p from human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells promotes angiogenesis of wound healing through inhibiting PTEN
Angiogenesis plays a key in the process of tissue repair and wound healing. Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HADSCs) have been found to act a promotion role during angiogenesis. Moreover, miR-125a-3p in HADSCs could promote the angiogenesis of HUVECs, but their specific mechanism in wound healing needs further study. Western blotting and qRT-PCR were used for detecting the protein and mRNA level, respectively. Exosomes were isolated successfully, and transmission electron microscope was used to identify exosomes. Angiogenesis, cell migration, and proliferation were detected with tube formation, wound healing, and MTT assays. The interactions of miR-125a-3p and PTEN were validated using dual-luciferase reporter assay. Animal model was used to evaluate the effect of miR-125a-3p on wound healing. HADSCs-exosome remarkably promoted the viability, migration, and angiogenesis of HUVECs. Knockdown of miR-125a-3p in HADSCs could inhibit the effect of HADSCs–exosome, while overexpression of miR-125a-3p could further promote the effect of HADSCs–exosome on HUVECs. MiR-125a-3p from HADSCs–exosome inhibited the expression of PTEN in HUVECs. Knockdown of PTEN promoted the viability, migration, and angiogenesis of HUVECs and reversed the effect of miR-125a-3p knockdown on HUVECs. Finally, miR-125a-3p from HADSCs–exosome could promote wound healing and angiogenesis in mice by inhibiting PTEN in mice wound granulation tissues. MiR-125a-3p from the HADSCs–exosome promoted the wound healing and angiogenesis, and these effects were achieved through regulating PTEN. This study may provide a new thought for the treatment and prevention of tissue repair.
Journal Article
Immunotherapy for Ovarian Cancer: Adjuvant, Combination, and Neoadjuvant
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy. Surgery and chemotherapy are the primary treatments for ovarian cancer; however, patients often succumb to recurrence with chemotherapeutic resistance within several years after the initial treatment. In the past two decades, immunotherapy has rapidly developed, and has revolutionized the treatment of various types of cancer. Despite the fact that immunotherapy response rates among ovarian cancer patients remain modest, treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)- and TCR-engineered T cells is rapidly developing. Therapeutic efficiency could be improved significantly if immunotherapy is included as an adjuvant therapy, in combination with chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and the use of anti-angiogenesis drugs, and poly ADP ribose polymerase inhibitors (PARPi). Newly developed technologies that identify therapeutic targets, predict treatment efficacy, rapidly screen potential immunotherapy drugs, provide neoadjuvant immunotherapy, and utilize nanomedicine technology provide new opportunities for the treatment of ovarian cancer, and have the potential to prolong patient survival. However, important issues that may hinder the efficacy of such approaches, including hyperprogressive disease (HPD), immunotherapy-resistance, and toxicity of the treatments, including neurotoxicity, must be taken into account and addressed for these therapies to be effective.
Journal Article
Circulating tumor cells in precision oncology: clinical applications in liquid biopsy and 3D organoid model
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are a rare subset of cells found in the blood of patients with solid tumors, which function as a seed for metastases. Cancer cells metastasize through the bloodstream either as single migratory CTCs or as multicellular groupings—CTC clusters. The CTCs preserve primary tumor heterogeneity and mimic tumor properties, and may be considered as clinical biomarker, preclinical model, and therapeutic target. The potential clinical application of CTCs is being a component of liquid biopsy. CTCs are also good candidates for generating preclinical models, especially 3D organoid cultures, which could be applied in drug screening, disease modeling, genome editing, tumor immunity, and organoid biobanks. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on the value and promise of evolving CTC technologies and highlight cutting-edge research on CTCs in liquid biopsy, tumor metastasis, and organoid preclinical models. The study of CTCs offers broad pathways to develop new biomarkers for tumor patient diagnosis, prognosis, and response to therapy, as well as translational models accelerating oncologic drug development.
Journal Article
Cancer risk in patients with Peutz–Jeghers syndrome: A retrospective cohort study of 336 cases
Peutz–Jeghers syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant inherited disorder characterized by mucocutaneous pigmentation and hamartomatous gastrointestinal polyposis. A growing body of evidence has shown that Peutz–Jeghers syndrome could cause an increased risk of various cancers, yet the range of cancer risk estimates was wide among different studies. In this retrospective cohort study, 336 patients with Peutz–Jeghers syndrome in China were enrolled. The clinical characteristics, cancer spectrum, relative cancer risks, and cumulative cancer risks were analyzed. In total, 52 patients were diagnosed of cancer in the follow-up period, at a median age of 41 years (range: 21–67). The relative risk for cancer in Peutz–Jeghers syndrome patients was 63.858 (confidence interval: 47.514–85.823), and the cumulative cancer risk at the age of 60 years was 55%. Colorectal cancer was the most common cancer for Peutz–Jeghers syndrome patients (relative risk: 237.918, confidence interval: 154.417–366.572) and the cumulative cancer risk at the age of 60 years was 28%. There was a statistically significant difference in the cumulative cancer risk between patients with family history and those without family history, as well as between patients living in rural area and those living in urban areas (p < 0.05), while no significant effects of gender and intussusception history on the cumulative cancer risk was found (p > 0.05). Hopefully, our study may contribute to the management of this rare disorder and establishment of related surveillance projects, especially in China.
Journal Article
Effects of tai chi on postural balance and quality of life among the elderly with gait disorders: A systematic review
Tai Chi is good for improving the physical fitness of older adults. But few studies have reported the effects of Tai Chi on the postural balance and quality of life of older adults with gait disorders. This review aimed to assess the influence of tai chi on postural stability and quality of life in older adults with abnormal gait. According to the literature retrieval principles, the works published from the inception date to May 2023 were retrieved, including the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, EBSCOhost, and Google Scholar. Subsequently, literature screening and quality assessment were performed. A total of 16 randomized controlled trials were included in this study, Tai Chi intervention can affect populations with Parkinson's disease (PD), no exercise, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), chronic stroke, sedentary, fear of falling, or history of falling. Postural instability is associated with balance, gait, the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Motor Subscale 3 (UPDRS III), mobility, lower body strength, and falls. Only two articles looked at quality of life. The Yang style is the most commonly used in the intervention. Nonetheless, most studies were performed on female participants, hence, more research on older male populations is needed. Tai Chi intervention benefits postural balance in patients with gait disorders. 12 weeks is the most common intervention period for patients with gait disorders. The frequency of intervention is seven articles twice a week, and the intervention time is about 60 minutes. The Tai Chi intervention methods in this study involve Yang Style, Sun Style, Taoist Tai Chi, and Health Qigong Tai Chi, but the Yang Style Tai Chi intervention is the most widely used.
Journal Article
Long Non-Coding RNAs in the Tumor Immune Microenvironment: Biological Properties and Therapeutic Potential
Cancer immunotherapy (CIT) is considered a revolutionary advance in the fight against cancer. The complexity of the immune microenvironment determines the success or failure of CIT. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is an extremely versatile molecule that can interact with RNA, DNA, or proteins to promote or inhibit the expression of protein-coding genes. LncRNAs are expressed in many different types of immune cells and regulate both innate and adaptive immunity. Recent studies have shown that the discovery of lncRNAs provides a novel perspective for studying the regulation of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Tumor cells and the associated microenvironment can change to escape recognition and elimination by the immune system. LncRNA induces the formation of an immunosuppressive microenvironment through related pathways, thereby controlling the escape of tumors from immune surveillance and promoting the development of metastasis and drug resistance. Using lncRNA as a therapeutic target provides a strategy for studying and improving the efficacy of immunotherapy.
Journal Article
Enhanced performance of T2SLs LWIR avalanche photodiodes with a separate AlxGa1-xSb multiplication layer
Detector research is rapidly advancing to meet the growing demands for long-wavelength infrared (LWIR) detectors in applications such as deep space exploration, medical imaging, meteorological detection, and thermal imaging. In this study, we propose a high-performance Type-II superlattices (T2SLs) long-wavelength infrared (LWIR) avalanche photodiode (APD) with a separate absorption and multiplication (SAM) structure. Compared to conventional LWIR detectors, this device achieves over a 100-fold increase in responsivity at 77 K. This advancement is attributed to the design of a separate multiplication layer with the wide bandgap material AlxGa1-xSb in the InAs/GaSb T2SLs LWIR APD, which suppresses the electric field in the absorption layer while maintaining high gain. Using computer-aided design technology, we analyzed the internal electric field values and IV characteristics under key layer parameters. Simulation results indicate that under 12 μm monochromatic light irradiation at 77 K, the device can achieve a responsivity exceeding 200 A/W. These features are comparable to the most advanced band-structure-engineered high-gain LWIR photodetectors based on Type-II superlattices. This structural design concept provides a practical and feasible approach to achieving high-performance T2SLs LWIR infrared detectors.
Journal Article
The different course of alcoholic and idiopathic chronic pancreatitis: A long-term study of 2,037 patients
Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the pancreas. This study aimed to compare the natural course of alcoholic chronic pancreatitis (ACP) and idiopathic chronic pancreatitis (ICP).
CP patients admitted to our center from January 2000 to December 2013 were enrolled. Characteristics were compared between ACP and ICP patients. Cumulative rates of diabetes mellitus (DM), steatorrhea, pancreatic stone, pancreatic pseudocyst, biliary stricture, and pancreatic cancer after the onset and the diagnosis of CP were calculated, respectively. The cumulative rates of DM and steatorrhea after diagnosis of pancreatic stone were also calculated.
A total of 2,037 patients were enrolled. Among them, 19.8% (404/2,037) were ACP and 80.2% (1,633/2,037) were ICP patients. ACP and ICP differs in many aspects, especially in gender, age, smoking, complications, morphology of pancreatic duct, and type of pain. The development of DM, steatorrhea, PPC, pancreatic stone, and biliary stricture were significantly earlier and more common in ACP patients. No significant difference was observed for pancreatic cancer development. There was a rather close correlation between exocrine/endocrine insufficiency and pancreatic stone in ACP patients, which was much less correlated in ICP patients.
The long-term profile of ACP and ICP differs in some important aspects. ACP patients usually have a more severe course of CP. These differences should be recognized in the diagnosis and treatment of CP.
Journal Article