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It has been reported that adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) accelerate wound healing. Moreover, exosomes, which serve as paracrine factors, play a vital role in wound healing. However, the mechanism remains unclear. This research aimed to determine the roles of exosomes derived from ADSCs (ADSC-Exos) in wound skin tissue repair. Flow cytometry and electron microscopy were carried out to identify ADSCs and ADSC-Exos, respectively; RT-qPCR was performed to assess the lncRNA H19 (H19), microRNA19b (miR-19b) and SRY-related high-mobility-group box 9 (SOX9) levels; Western blotting was carried out to evaluate collagen and β-catenin expression; CCK-8, scratch and transwell assays were conducted to evaluate human skin fibroblast (HSF) cell proliferation, migration and invasion, respectively; the potential binding sites between H19 and miR-19b, miR-19b and SOX9 were detected by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay and RIP assay; and H&E staining was conducted to observe skin wound tissues. ADSC-Exos accelerated the proliferation, migration and invasion of HSF cells via H19. H19 acts as a molecular sponge towards miR-19b, which targets SOX9. ADSC-Exos inhibited miR-19b expression via H19, resulting in accelerated HSF proliferation, migration and invasion. ADSC-Exos upregulated SOX9 to activate the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, resulting in accelerated HSF cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and ADSC-Exos promoted skin wound healing via H19 in mice. The high expression of H19 in ADSC-Exos may upregulate SOX9 expression via miR-19b to accelerate wound healing of skin tissues. Our study may provide novel perspectives for therapy to accelerate skin wound healing. This study reveals that the long non-coding RNA H19 is highly expressed in exosomes derived from adipose mesenchymal stem cells and accelerates the proliferation, migration and invasion of human skin fibroblasts by upregulation of SOX9 and activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway The authors show that H19 affects SOX9 expression via the microRNA miR-19b to promote wound healing in injured skin.

Angiogenesis plays a key in the process of tissue repair and wound healing. Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HADSCs) have been found to act a promotion role during angiogenesis. Moreover, miR-125a-3p in HADSCs could promote the angiogenesis of HUVECs, but their specific mechanism in wound healing needs further study. Western blotting and qRT-PCR were used for detecting the protein and mRNA level, respectively. Exosomes were isolated successfully, and transmission electron microscope was used to identify exosomes. Angiogenesis, cell migration, and proliferation were detected with tube formation, wound healing, and MTT assays. The interactions of miR-125a-3p and PTEN were validated using dual-luciferase reporter assay. Animal model was used to evaluate the effect of miR-125a-3p on wound healing. HADSCs-exosome remarkably promoted the viability, migration, and angiogenesis of HUVECs. Knockdown of miR-125a-3p in HADSCs could inhibit the effect of HADSCs–exosome, while overexpression of miR-125a-3p could further promote the effect of HADSCs–exosome on HUVECs. MiR-125a-3p from HADSCs–exosome inhibited the expression of PTEN in HUVECs. Knockdown of PTEN promoted the viability, migration, and angiogenesis of HUVECs and reversed the effect of miR-125a-3p knockdown on HUVECs. Finally, miR-125a-3p from HADSCs–exosome could promote wound healing and angiogenesis in mice by inhibiting PTEN in mice wound granulation tissues. MiR-125a-3p from the HADSCs–exosome promoted the wound healing and angiogenesis, and these effects were achieved through regulating PTEN. This study may provide a new thought for the treatment and prevention of tissue repair.

It has been reported that adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) accelerate wound healing. Moreover, exosomes, which serve as paracrine factors, play a vital role in wound healing. However, the mechanism remains unclear. This research aimed to determine the roles of exosomes derived from ADSCs (ADSC-Exos) in wound skin tissue repair. Flow cytometry and electron microscopy were carried out to identify ADSCs and ADSC-Exos, respectively; RT-qPCR was performed to assess the lncRNA H19 (H19), microRNA19b (miR-19b) and SRY-related high-mobility-group box 9 (SOX9) levels; Western blotting was carried out to evaluate collagen and β-catenin expression; CCK-8, scratch and transwell assays were conducted to evaluate human skin fibroblast (HSF) cell proliferation, migration and invasion, respectively; the potential binding sites between H19 and miR-19b, miR-19b and SOX9 were detected by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay and RIP assay; and H&E staining was conducted to observe skin wound tissues. ADSC-Exos accelerated the proliferation, migration and invasion of HSF cells via H19. H19 acts as a molecular sponge towards miR-19b, which targets SOX9. ADSC-Exos inhibited miR-19b expression via H19, resulting in accelerated HSF proliferation, migration and invasion. ADSC-Exos upregulated SOX9 to activate the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, resulting in accelerated HSF cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and ADSC-Exos promoted skin wound healing via H19 in mice. The high expression of H19 in ADSC-Exos may upregulate SOX9 expression via miR-19b to accelerate wound healing of skin tissues. Our study may provide novel perspectives for therapy to accelerate skin wound healing. This study reveals that the long non-coding RNA H19 is highly expressed in exosomes derived from adipose mesenchymal stem cells and accelerates the proliferation, migration and invasion of human skin fibroblasts by upregulation of SOX9 and activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway The authors show that H19 affects SOX9 expression via the microRNA miR-19b to promote wound healing in injured skin.

The brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stål, BPH) is one of the most destructive rice pests worldwide. GXU202 is a germplasm of common wild rice (Oryza rufipogon Griff.) with high resistance to the BPH. In this study, genetic analysis indicated that the BPH-resistant phenotype of GXU202 is controlled by a major gene. Through the combination and comparison of QTL linkage and BSA-seq analyses, a novel gene locus, BPH41, conferring BPH resistance was identified. This gene locus was finely mapped to a 116-kb region delimited by W4-4–3 and W1-6–3 on chromosome 4. The markers D01031 and D01045 showed high accuracy in predicting phenotypes resistant to BPH, suggesting their reliability for marker-assisted selection of BPH41 in breeding BPH-resistant rice varieties. The present identification of BPH41 will establish a foundation for further map-based cloning and functional characterization of the gene.

Introduction Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) abuse poses an overwhelming threat to the allocation of medical resources and places a heavy burden on global medical expenses. In this study, we put forward our prospective prescription review system and evaluated the effects of this system on clinical outcomes, rational medication use and costs related to PPIs. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted in which the included patients were divided into a preintervention group (2019.10–2020.09) and a postintervention group (2020.10–2021.09). To reduce the bias of patients’ baseline characteristics, the propensity score matching (PSM) method was employed. The primary endpoints were the incidence of stress ulcers (SUs), the improvement and cure rates of gastrointestinal haemorrhage, the defined daily dose (DDD), the drug utilization index (DUI) and the DDD/100 patient-days. The secondary endpoints included the types of unreasonable medication orders for PPIs, the PPI utilization rate and PPI costs. Results A total of 53,870 patients were included to evaluate the secondary endpoints, and 46,922 patients were paired by PSM and assessed to evaluate the primary endpoints. The number of PPIs used and PPI costs were significantly lower in the postintervention group than in the preintervention group (P < 0.001). The rationality evaluation results showed that the frequency of PPI use and the number of drug interactions were significantly higher in the preintervention group than in the postintervention group (P < 0.01). The proportion of patients taking oral PPIs was significantly increased in the postintervention group (29.30% vs. 34.56%, p < 0.01). For the utilization of PPIs both for prevention and treatment, the DUI and DDD/100 patient-days were substantially decreased in the postintervention group (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively). The incidence of SUs in the postintervention group was 44.95%, and that in the preintervention group was 51.93% (p < 0.05). Conclusion The implementation of the prospective prescription review system on rational PPI use correlated with reduced PPI costs, more rational PPI medication use and better clinical outcomes, and this system is worthy of long-term implementation for further improvement of rational drug use.

Few studies have focused on the management of inoperable ampullary carcinoma (AC), and patients with jaundice suffer from biliary stents replacement frequently. Iodine-125 ( I) brachytherapy has been used in the treatment of malignant tumors owing to its curative effect, minimal surgical trauma, and tolerable complications. The aim of the study was to investigate the role of I seed implantation in patients with unresectable ampullary carcinoma after relief of obstructive jaundice. A total of 44 patients with obstructive jaundice resulting from unresectable ampullary carcinoma from January 1, 2010 to October 31, 2020 were enrolled in the study. Eleven patients underwent implantation of I seeds under endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) after receiving biliary stent placement endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) (treatment group), and 33 patients received a stent alone ERCP (control group). Cox regression model was applied in this single-center retrospective comparison study. The median maximum intervention interval for biliary obstruction was 381 days (interquartile range [IQR]: 204-419 days) in the treatment group and 175 days (IQR: 126-274 days) in the control group ( < 0.05). Stent occlusion rates at 90 and 180 days in the control group were 12.9% and 51.6%, respectively. No stent occlusion occurred in the treatment group. Patients in the treatment group obtained longer survival time (median, 26 vs. 13 months; < 0.01) and prolonged duodenal obstruction (median, 20.5 vs. 11 months; < 0.05). No brachytherapy-related grade 3 or 4 adverse events were observed. Longer intervention interval for biliary obstruction and survival as well as better stent patency and prolonged time to duodenal obstruction could be achieved by implanting I seeds combined with biliary stent in patients with unresectable ampullary cancer.

Glutinous cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) line is necessary to select hybrid glutinous rice combination with high yield and quality. To develop glutinous CMS with low amylose content, in this study, we firstly knocked out the granule-bound starch synthase OsWaxyin 209B using CRISPR/Cas9 mediated genome editing technology and successfully obtained a glutinous maintainer line WX209B. Comparing with maintainer line 209B, WX209B showed decreased amylose contents and similar agronomic characters. And then, through one generation of hybridization and two generations of backcrossing with WX209B as the male parent and 209A as the female parent, the glutinous CMS line WX209A was successfully achieved. Our study provides a strategy to efficiently breed for the glutinous cytoplasmic male sterile line by combining CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing technology with conventional backcross breeding method in a short period, which prepares the ground for further breeding of hybrid glutinous rice variety.

Purpose: Multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) infections are associated with high mortality in hospitalized patients. Clinical pharmacists play a crucial role in optimizing anti-infection treatment strategies. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of clinical pharmacist consultation on the treatment of inpatients with MDRO infections. Methods: Patients infected with MDROs who received clinical pharmacist consultation between June 2020 and June 2023 were enrolled. The adoption rate and effectiveness rate of consultation were calculated. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify factors influencing the effectiveness rate of consultation. Cox regression analysis was employed to estimate the 30-day survival rate post-consultation for patients infected with MDROs, comparing those who adopting pharmacists' suggestions with those who did not. Results: A total of 620 patients were included. More patients were from the surgical system, especially neurosurgery. The top 3 infection sites were respiratory tract, urinary tract and blood, with prevalent MDROs including Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP), Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB), and Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA). Following the implementation of consultation recommendations, patients exhibited significant reductions in temperatures, inflammatory markers, and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores. The adoption and effectiveness rate of consultation were 89.67% and 58.71%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that there were significant association of liver dysfunction (adjusted OR = 0.331, 95% CI: 0.217-0.504), severity of infection (adjusted OR = 0.292, 95% CI: 0.151-0.562) and adopting pharmacists' suggestions (adjusted OR = 1.987, 95% CI: 1.126-3.507) with the effectiveness rate of consultation. Cox regression analysis revealed a significant difference in the 30-day survival rate between MDRO patients who received pharmacist recommendations and those who did not (HR = 0.422, 95% CI: 0.185-0.963, P = 0.04). Conclusion: Our research indicated that the involvement of clinical pharmacists could be advantageous for patients afflicted with MDRO infections. Keywords: multidrug-resistant organisms, infectious diseases, clinical pharmacists, consultations

Multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) infections are associated with high mortality in hospitalized patients. Clinical pharmacists play a crucial role in optimizing anti-infection treatment strategies. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of clinical pharmacist consultation on the treatment of inpatients with MDRO infections. Patients infected with MDROs who received clinical pharmacist consultation between June 2020 and June 2023 were enrolled. The adoption rate and effectiveness rate of consultation were calculated. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify factors influencing the effectiveness rate of consultation. Cox regression analysis was employed to estimate the 30-day survival rate post-consultation for patients infected with MDROs, comparing those who adopting pharmacists' suggestions with those who did not. A total of 620 patients were included. More patients were from the surgical system, especially neurosurgery. The top 3 infection sites were respiratory tract, urinary tract and blood, with prevalent MDROs including Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP), Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB), and Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA). Following the implementation of consultation recommendations, patients exhibited significant reductions in temperatures, inflammatory markers, and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores. The adoption and effectiveness rate of consultation were 89.67% and 58.71%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that there were significant association of liver dysfunction (adjusted OR = 0.331, 95% CI: 0.217-0.504), severity of infection (adjusted OR = 0.292, 95% CI: 0.151-0.562) and adopting pharmacists' suggestions (adjusted OR = 1.987, 95% CI: 1.126-3.507) with the effectiveness rate of consultation. Cox regression analysis revealed a significant difference in the 30-day survival rate between MDRO patients who received pharmacist recommendations and those who did not (HR = 0.422, 95% CI: 0.185-0.963, P = 0.04). Our research indicated that the involvement of clinical pharmacists could be advantageous for patients afflicted with MDRO infections.

White-backed planthopper (WBPH) is a devastating pest of rice, which significantly reduces production and causes millions of dollars in losses worldwide annually. Screening of germplasm resources with resistance to white-backed planthopper plays a crucial role in crop insect resistance breeding. In the present research, a total of 1080 accessions of Guangxi common wild rice ( Oryza rufipogon Griff.) was screened for WBPH resistance through stem evaluation method (SEM). After preliminary screening, 49 resistance resources were identified, accounting for 4.54% of the total. After verified identification at the adult stage, 15 resistance resources with stable resistance to white-backed planthopper were finally obtained as resistant resources. The regional distribution analysis showed that the highest frequency of WBPH resistance resources appeared in Fusui county located in the upper reaches of Xijiang river (6.80%). Meanwhile, the highest frequency of the high resistance (HR and R) resources appeared in Pingnan located in lower reaches (2.79%). The 49 resistant accessions were genotyped for 43 SSR markers evenly distributed on the 12 chromosomes. The genetic diversity analysis showed a high polymorphism level of common wild rice populations. Fusui county possesses higher level of genetic diversity than the Yongning district and Pingnan county populations. The results from this study are essential to analyze resistance genes, cultivate insect-resistant varieties, and provide regional guidance for the exploration of resistance resources in the future.