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The aim of this paper is to canvass the possibility of what a sociological study of the Purāṇas might be. That is, whether this be the view(s) of society presented in the Purāṇas or the social conditions which may have produced the genre and individual texts within it. I argue that there is a very clear intertextual relationship between the Purāṇas and the Mahābhārata, even where there are considerable narrative differences. On the one hand, I see the Purāṇas as partly being conservative and adaptive texts fully accepting the brahmanical view of society developed in the Mahābhārata. On the other hand, they seem to have also accepted the existence of a wide variety of social groups arising in the early centuries of the Common Era and their corresponding occupations. I also raise the question of the sociological implications of devotional practices, which are so dominant in the Purāṇas. Finally, I study a few chapters from the Mārkaṇḍeya Purāṇa, which, in the manvantara section, raises the possibility of varṇasaṃkara, gender relations, and the treatment of brahmins by members of other varṇas.

The NEA Data Bank is an international reference centre for computer codes, nuclear and thermochemical data which has traditionally used simple file servers, and even DVDs, to deliver valuable content to end users across the globe. With the recent implementation of a self hosted GitLab system at the NEA it has enabled the Data Bank to streamline delivery, automate processes and testing, while empowering code owners and developers with a secure platform to collaborate and develop codes. In this paper we present the NEA Git- Lab system with some concrete examples of codes such as Kraken, PHITS and FISPACT-II taking advantage of many of the services and functionalities provided by GitLab. We illustrate methodologies on how to work effectively with third party software in a position of being a custodian of code, rather that a code owner, providing DevSecOps as a service.

For either nuclear fusion or generation IV fission reactors to be viable as a commercial energy source the decommissioning and waste disposal solutions must be considered during the design. A multi-step simulation process combining Monte Carlo Neutron Transport simulations with inventory simulations have been performed to estimate the activation of steels in key reactor components of the European Sodium-cooled fast Reactor (ESFR). Waste classifications based on UK waste disposal regulations have been applied to the key components to estimate the expected masses of low level and intermediate level waste. The use of reduced activation steels, EUROFER and F82H, in reactor components external to the core results in a factor of 10 reduction in the percentage of waste classified as Intermediate Level Waste (ILW). Waste estimates are compared to existing waste estimates for the European Demonstration fusion reactor (DEMO). The ESFR has a lower percentage of ILW per total reactor mass due to irradiated steels compared to DEMO. However, there is no Higher Activity Waste (HAW) associated with DEMO, compared with arisings from the ESFR spent fission fuel.

Crossing the Lines of Caste: Viśvāmitra and the Construction of Brahmin Power in Hindu Mythology. By Adheesh A. Sathaye. New York: Oxford University Press, 2015. Pp. xxii + 310.$99 (cloth); $ 35 (paper).

Sandalwood and Carrion: Smell in Indian Religion and Culture. By James McHugh. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012. Pp. xxii + 322. $35.

Given the importance of pravṛtti and nivṛtti as shaping ideologies in the Mahābhārata and a host of other Indic texts, a study of the occurrence of the uses of √vṛt in the widest possible sense is a desideratum for an understanding of both the Mahābhārata and its Mokṣadharmaparvan. The present contribution discusses concentrations of occurrences of √vṛt-words in particular passages and considers whether these are associated with the communication of specific doctrines. Both nominal and verbal forms of √vṛt, prefixed and unprefixed, are studied, with special attention being paid to the objects which they take; in particular, the grammatical cases used with the present participle vartamāṇa, are surveyed. It is concluded that √vṛt conveys the sense of \"of operating or functioning in a particular state,\" especially when used with a noun in the locative, thus differing from other verbs such as √as, √bhū and √gam. In addition, the greater frequency of √vṛt prefixed by pra- and ni-, as opposed to other prefixes, is noted, indicating how significant pravṛtti and nivṛtti had become as ideologies in our text.

Given the importance of pravá¹>tti and nivá¹>tti as shaping ideologies in the Mahabharata and a host of other Indic texts, a study of the occurrence of the uses of [radical]vá¹>t in the widest possible sense is a desideratum for an understanding of both the Mahabharata and its Moká¹£adharmaparvan. The present contribution discusses concentrations of occurrences of [radical]vá¹>t-words in particular passages and considers whether these are associated with the communication of specific doctrines. Both nominal and verbal forms of [radical]vá¹>t, prefixed and unprefixed, are studied, with special attention being paid to the objects which they take; in particular, the grammatical cases used with the present participle vartamaá¹[Dagger]a, are surveyed. It is concluded that [radical]vá¹>t conveys the sense of \"of operating or functioning in a particular state,\" especially when used with a noun in the locative, thus differing from other verbs such as [radical]as, [radical]bhu and [radical]gam. In addition, the greater frequency of [radical]vá¹>t prefixed by pra- and ni-, as opposed to other prefixes, is noted, indicating how significant pravá¹>tti and nivá¹>tti had become as ideologies in our text.

Given the importance of pravṛtti and nivṛtti as shaping ideologies in the Mahābhārata and a host of other Indic texts, a study of the occurrence of the uses of √vṛt in the widest possible sense is a desideratum for an understanding of both the Mahābhārata and its Mokṣadharmaparvan . The present contribution discusses concentrations of occurrences of √vṛt -words in particular passages and considers whether these are associated with the communication of specific doctrines. Both nominal and verbal forms of √vṛt , prefixed and unprefixed, are studied, with special attention being paid to the objects which they take; in particular, the grammatical cases used with the present participle vartamāṇa , are surveyed. It is concluded that √vṛt conveys the sense of “of operating or functioning in a particular state,” especially when used with a noun in the locative, thus differing from other verbs such as √as, √bhū and √gam . In addition, the greater frequency of √vṛt prefixed by pra- and ni- , as opposed to other prefixes, is noted, indicating how significant pravṛtti and nivṛtti had become as ideologies in our text.

Detailed knowledge of perfumes was especially important for the nctgarika (or vidagdha), the man who is a connoisseur of käma, pointing to an important sub-text of this book, a new understanding it gives us of the nagarika in the specific sense of the manner he might prepare his body, and a definite sign that the connoisseur of perfumes is male (p. 151). Part four (chaps. 7-8) deals with the more pragmatic aspects of perfumery, pointing out that the literary sources regarded the place from where perfumes were obtained as having a strong exotic ambience, a quality surely adding to the mystery surrounding the whole subject of perfumes.