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Home oxygen therapy is often required in children with chronic respiratory conditions. This document provides an evidence-based clinical practice guideline on the implementation, monitoring, and discontinuation of home oxygen therapy for the pediatric population. A multidisciplinary panel identified pertinent questions regarding home oxygen therapy in children, conducted systematic reviews of the relevant literature, and applied the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach to rate the quality of evidence and strength of clinical recommendations. After considering the panel's confidence in the estimated effects, the balance of desirable (benefits) and undesirable (harms and burdens) consequences of treatment, patient values and preferences, cost, and feasibility, recommendations were developed for or against home oxygen therapy specific to pediatric lung and pulmonary vascular diseases. Although home oxygen therapy is commonly required in the care of children, there is a striking lack of empirical evidence regarding implementation, monitoring, and discontinuation of supplemental oxygen therapy. The panel formulated and provided the rationale for clinical recommendations for home oxygen therapy based on scant empirical evidence, expert opinion, and clinical experience to aid clinicians in the management of these complex pediatric patients and identified important areas for future research.

Mental health funding cuts and associated reductions in training have exercised a starkly negative effect upon psychiatric patient care in recent years, as reflected in research conducted in the United States and abroad. This article conveys and discusses an illustrative case example with additional reference to appellate and institutional advocacy approaches to the problem. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]

Adolescence is a critical period of development during which youth emotional experiences and family systems of support fluctuate greatly. Because of social, emotional, and physiological transitions during this time, adolescents are more likely to experience symptoms of mood disorders and develop more complex or strained relationships with parents and caregivers. The present study is the first to examine relationships among parental attitudes towards adolescents (i.e., expressed emotion [EE]), adolescent severity of depression, and levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in adolescents. Eighty-five youth participants aged 11–17 years (M = 14.54 years) and their parents (N = 51) completed assessments of mood, stress, ad expressed emotion. Assessments included the Children’s Depression Rating Scale Revised (CDRS-R) and the Levels of Expressed Emotion (LEE) Scale for parents and children. Inflammatory cytokines were measured in youth participants using Meso-Scale Discovery Multi-Plex kits to analyze plasma samples for average levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines including IL-6, IL-10, and TNF- α. Results did not demonstrate a significant relationship between EE, youth symptoms of depression, and inflammation. However, post-hoc analyses revealed a significant effect of gender on both depression severity and EE. Findings from this study indicate the need to continue to explore the role of immune inflammation in youth depression as well as the role of parent and caregiver perception which may potentially allow for the introduction of new and/or adjunctive clinical interventions that can target previously untreated mechanisms of dysregulation and distress.

Mental health funding cuts and associated reductions in training have exercised a starkly negative effect upon psychiatric patient care in recent years, as reflected in research conducted in the United States and abroad. This article conveys and discusses an illustrative case example with additional reference to appellate and institutional advocacy approaches to the problem.

¿7FThis introductory textbook provides nursing students with the essential bioscience they need to complete their nursing studies. The book explains the scientific concepts that are related to all nursing practices and procedures from the simplest to the most advanced. The ability to recognise why things are done the way they are will strengthen confidence in contributing to patient care.\" \"Activities and exercises are included in each chapter to encourage enquiry and test understanding, with simple and clear diagrams supporting explanations in the text. At the end of the chapter there are further questions to try, with answers provided. A glossary of terms is provided for quick reference and suggestions for further reading have been included at the end of each chapter.\" \"For anyone who has not studied science before this is an excellent introduction to the key principles of chemistry, physics and biology and how they apply to nursing.\"